Robust High Gain Adaptive Output Feedback Tracking Control for Nonlinear Systems

Koshiro Kohara,Ikuro Mizumoto,Zenta Iwai,Ryuji Michino,Makoto Kumon 제어로봇시스템학회 2000 제어로봇시스템학회 국내학술대회 논문집 Vol.2000 No.10

韓国人学習者の日本語朗読文の発話に見られる音節長の特徴

KOSHIRO AKIKO 단국대학교 일본연구소 2010 일본학연구 Vol.31 No.-

This paper examines the feature of the rhythm in production of reading Japanese sentences by Korean Learners of Japanese(KL), comparing with Arabian Learners(AL) and a Japanese(NS). The average duration of each syllable (CVQ,CVN,CVR,CV) in reading sentences by all subjects were measured. The results are as follows. 1) The duration of CVQ(stop geminate), CVN(nasal), and CVR(long vowel) in production by learners was shorter than NS. This shows that the duration of heavy syllable is insufficient to recognize it as two‒mora. 2) It was found that extending of the duration of CV in production by KL and AL depends on syllable structure : CV in the complex structure, for example, light(syllable) + heavy (syllable)+light+heavy, becomes longer easily, than CV in the simple structure, for example, lignt + light + light . CV placed between heavy syllables and CV preceding or following to a heavy syllable extends easily. On the other hand, in production by NS and advanced learners, CV was controlled at time, and time confrontation of one‒mora and two‒mora was observed. 3) The feature that CV extended as 212 type became 222 type or 122 type became 222 type was also observed not only by KL but also by AL though KL have been said to have this tendency in the previous work. 4) The duration of some CVCV were too long as two‒mora in production by the learners of the middle class. It was cause that voiced consonants and nasal extended in AL production, and closure duration(CD) in plosive extended in KL production. On the whole, CD by KL is lengthened compared with AL and NS, and it can be said that it is characteristic in KL. I suggest that paying attention to not only the length of Sokuon(Stop geminate), Hatsuon(nasal), Chōon(long vowel) but also the length of CV leads to natural rhythm of Japanese where time confrontation of one-mora and two-mora is achieved. 한국인 학습자(KL)의 일본어 낭독 문장의 발화에 나타나는 CV,특수음절의 지속시간을 계축하고 아랍어가 모국어인 시리아인 학습자(AL)와 일본어화자(NS)와 비교하면서, 발화에 보여지는 리듬의 특징을 검증했다. 그리고 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. ① NS와 비교하면, 전체적으로 학습자의 특수음절CVQ, CVN, CVR의 지속시간이 짧다. 이것은 2mora로서 인식되기 위해서는 시간이 부족하다는 것이다. ②장음CVR를 보면 중급 보다 중상급 단계에서 NS과 같은 지속시간을 유지하는 것을 볼 수 있지만 촉음CVQ과 발음CVN은 중급과 중상급에서 수치가 거의 비슷하고, 특히 발음CVN은 상급이라도 지속시간이 짧은 것이 보였다. 이것으로 特殊拍중에서 발음CVN의 습득이 어려운 사항인 것을 알 수 있었다. 이 원인은 비슷한 음운이 모국어에 있기 때문에 그 음으로 대용하면서 차이를 의식하기 어렵고, 다른 사람에게서 지적도 받기 어렵기 때문이라고 생각한다. ③ CVCV의 지속시간을 보면 중급은 편차가 크고 CVCV가 지나치게 긴 예가 보여졌다. CVCV가 길어지는 원인은 KL의 경우에는 대부분이 파열음의 폐쇄지속시간(CD)이 길어지면서 촉음이 삽입 되는 것 처럼 들리는 것 때문이었다. 문장에 있는 파열음과 파찰음의 CD과 VOT 평균치을 조사한 결과, AL 와 비교해서 KL의 CD는 전체적으로 긴 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. ④ CV가 길어지는 현상은 KL,AL쌍방에서 관찰되었다. 122형→222형, 212형→222형과 같이 CV가 신장하는 것은 KL에서만 보여지는 특징이 아니고 학습자 전반에 보여지는 경향이라고 예측할 수 있다. ⑤ CV의 지속시간의 평균치와 2mora 1단위로서 분절했을 때의 「남은 CV」의 지속시간의 평균치를 비교해서, KL도AL도 CV가 길어지기 쉬운 음절구조가 있는 것을 확인하였다. CV+CV+CV+CV처럼 되는 「경(음절)+경(음절)+경…」라는 구조보다, CV+특수음절+CV+특수음절과 같이 합쳐지는 「경·중·경·중…」라는 복잡한 구조에 있는 경음절인 「남은 CV」가 길어지기 쉬웠다. 이 반대로 NS의 발음에서는 쌍방의 CV 지속시간이 거의 같다. 이것은 어떤 구조에 있어서도 CV장이 기능하고 길이의 대립을 명확히 실현되고 있는 것이 때문이다.

Asymmetric cold/warm rolling simulation by crystal plasticity multi-scale finite element analysisbased on crystallographic homogenization

Koshiro Onishi,Hidetoshi Sakamoto,Hiroyuki Kuramae,Hideo Morimoto,Eiji Nakamachi 한국소성가공학회 2010 기타자료 Vol.2010 No.6

The purpose of this study is forming a high formability aluminum alloy sheet metal by controlling the microcrystal structure and the texture. So asymmetric rolling is applied to the material process. Analysis method is crystal plasticity multi-scale finite element analysis based on crystallographic homogenization.

“섬광구 기억”을 유발하는 운동

( Koshiro Inoue ) 대한운동사협회 2021 대한운동사협회 운동사대회자료집 Vol.2021 No.-

Robust High Gain Adaptive Output Feedback Tracking Control for Nonlinear Systems

Koshiro Kohara,Ikuro Mizumoto,Zenta Iwai,Ryuji Michino,Makoto Kumon 제어로봇시스템학회 2000 제어로봇시스템학회 국내학술대회 논문집 Vol.2 No.10

感情を表した日本語音聲の知覺判斷 -韓國語を母語とする日本語學習者を對象として-

소성창자 ( Koshiro Akiko ) 한국일어교육학회 2016 일본어교육연구 Vol.0 No.35

本稿は、ある感情のこめられた日本語の音聲を日本語母語話者と韓國語を母語とする日本語學習者がどのように認識するか、兩者の知覺的特徵を檢證したものである。6つの感情「①聞き返し」「②同情」「③喜び」「④疑い」「⑤嫌だ」「⑥否定」を迂めて發話された「カラオケ?」「え(一)?」を音聲資料とし、6つのうちどの感情として認識するか、日本語母語話者と韓國語話者を對象に聽取實驗を行った。この結果、日本語母語話者は、「⑤嫌だ」を發話者の意圖した感情どおりに判定した率が高かったが、韓國語話者は4割程度にとどまっていた。韓國語話者は「⑤嫌だ」を「①聞き返し」や「③喜び」に聞く回答が高く、「嫌がっている」という感情を日本語音聲から判斷するのが難しいことが推測された。また「④疑い」や「①聞き返し」を「⑤嫌だ」と判定した回答もあることから、日本語の「嫌がっている」ときの音聲的特徵と、對象者の母語である韓國語における「嫌がっている」ときの音聲的特徵が異なる可能性を指摘した。また、日本語母語話者は「⑤嫌だ」→「③喜び」、「⑥否定」→「③喜び」とした回答は0%だったが、韓國語話者では「③喜び」→「⑤嫌だ」、「⑤嫌だ」→「③喜び」、「⑥否定」→「③喜び」のように肯定的感情と否定的感情を反對に聞いている回答が見られた。肯定的感情か否定的感情かを判斷する際に手がかりとなるF0、持續時間、强弱といった音響的指標が日本語話者と韓國語話者で異なる可能性がある。このような相違点が、日本語母語話者と韓國語話者の間のコミュニケ一ション上の誤解の原因となる可能性は十分に考えられる。 The purpose of this paper is to investigate the comparison of the perceptual characteristics between the recognition of the six emotions of Korean learners of Japanese (KL) and that of Japanese native speakers (JNS). In the perception experiment, the stimuli were words in echo questions with 6 emotions (1.inquisition, 2.sympathy, 3.pleasure, 4.doubt, 5.distaste, 6.disagreement) expressed by two vocal actors. Four JNS and nine KL participated in the experiment. The results showed that there were substantial differences between the JNS and KL in the percentage of correct answers for emotion 5: distaste. Korean learners can be seen to have difficulty in recognizing emotions of "reluctance" in Japanese utterance. The results also demonstrated how the JNS clearly distinguished between the positive and negative emotions, whilst the KL exhibited confusion in identifying these two emotions. This suggests that such differences in perception often lead to misunderstanding in communication between JNS and non-native speakers.

韓國語話者の發音に見られる促音の脫落について

소성창자 ( Koshiro Akiko ) 한국일어일문학회 2007 日語日文學硏究 Vol.61 No.1

韓國語母語話者の日本語學習者の發音における促音脫落(促音が脫落しているように聞こえる現象)に關する調査を行い、生起要因について考察を行った。その結果は以下のようである。韓國語には、發話に見られる區切り、ひとまとまりのリズム單位말토막(語や句のまとまり)がある。(이1989)。말토막は<强勢の置かれた音節一つ=核>+<その前後のいくつかの弱音節>から構成され、單語が말토막の場合、CVCという重音節が强勢音節=核になりやすい。このため、例えば日本語のCVQ+CV(○っ○)やCVQ+CV+CV(○っ○○)、CV+CVQ+CV(○○っ○)という音節構造では、CVよりも重いCVQに强勢をおいて發音しやすいので促音を實現しやすい。一方、CVQ+CVN(○っ○ん)やCVQ+CVR(○っ○―)という第二音節に撥音や長音を含む構造では、CVQもCVN/CVRも重音節であるので、いずれもCVQに强勢を置いた場合は問題ないが、何らかの理由でCVN、CVRが核になる場合は、音聲的に强く長くなることで第一音節CVQが相對的に弱音節として短く實現され、促音が脫落して聞こえるのではないかと考えられた。これを踏まえ、調査1(無意味語)と調査2(有意味語)を行った。(1)調査1では、4モ一ラで音節構造の異なる無意味語『たったた』『たたった』『たったん』『たった一』を發話した韓國語話者3名の發音の持續時間を分析した結果、『たったん』『たった一』で促音脫落が觀察された。(2)調査2では、有意味語の促音語66語を音節構造により5タイプ(①CVQ+CVN②CVQ+CVR③CVQ+CV+CV④CV+CVQ+CV⑤CVQ+CV)に分類し、これらを含む200字以內の文を韓國語話者6名が朗讀、その發話をもとに日本語話者3名が促音の脫落、非脫落を判斷する調査を行った。その結果、6名ともタイプ③~⑤より、①~②において脫落していると判斷された語數が多かった。(3)脫落と判斷された發音の持續時間を分析し、日本語話者に脫落と認識されるパタンの分類を行った。この結果、閉鎖持續時間が短いことだけでなく、促音以外の音節が長くなること、先行母音が短いこと、アクセントの影響などにより、脫落と判斷されることを指摘した。

日本語學,日本語敎育學 篇 : 韓國語話者の撥音の生成 -後續子音種と音節構造からの考察-

소성창자 ( Koshiro Akiko ) 한국일어일문학회 2010 日語日文學硏究 Vol.72 No.1

Removal of iron oxide scale from boiler feed-water in thermal power plant by high gradient magnetic separation : field experiment

Yoko Akiyama,Suqin Li,Koshiro Akiyama,Tatsuya Mori,Hidehiko Okada,Noriyuki Hirota,Tsuyoshi Yamaji,Hideki Matsuura,Seitoku Namba,Tomokazu Sekine,Fumihito Mishima,Shigehiro Nishijima 한국초전도저온공학회 2021 초전도와 저온공학 Vol.23 No.3

The reduction of carbon dioxide emissions becomes a global issue, the main source of carbon dioxide emissions in the Asian region is the energy conversion sector, especially coal-fired power plants. We are working to develop technologies that will at least limit the increase in carbon dioxide emissions from the thermal power plants as one way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Our research aims to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by removing iron oxide scale from the feedwater system of thermal power plants using a superconducting high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) system, thereby reducing the loss of power generation efficiency. In this paper, the background of thermal power plants in Asia is outlined, followed by a case study of the introduction of a chemical cleaning line at an actual thermal power plant in Japan, and the possibility of introducing it into the thermal power plants in China based on the results.

Postoperative Increase in Occiput–C2 Angle Negatively Impacts Subaxial Lordosis after Occipito–Upper Cervical Posterior Fusion Surgery

Taigo Inada,Takeo Furuya,Koshiro Kamiya,Mitsutoshi Ota,Satoshi Maki,Takane Suzuki,Kazuhisa Takahashi,Masashi Yamazaki,Masaaki Aramomi,Chikato Mannoji,Masao Koda 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.4

Study Design: Retrospective case series. Purpose: To elucidate the impact of postoperative occiput–C2 (O–C2) angle change on subaxial cervical alignment. Overview of Literature: In the case of occipito–upper cervical fixation surgery, it is recommended that the O–C2 angle should be set larger than the preoperative value postoperatively. Methods: The present study included 17 patients who underwent occipito–upper cervical spine (above C4) posterior fixation surgery for atlantoaxial subluxation of various etiologies. Plain lateral cervical radiographs in a neutral position at standing were obtained and the O–C2 angle and subaxial lordosis angle (the angle between the endplates of the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) and C7 vertebrae) were measured preoperatively and postoperatively soon after surgery and ambulation and at the final follow-up visit. Results: There was a significant negative correlation between the average postoperative alteration of O–C2 angle (DO–C2) and the average postoperative alteration of subaxial lordosis angle (Dsubaxial lordosis angle) (r =–0.47, p =0.03). Conclusions: There was a negative correlation between DO–C2 and Dsubaxial lordosis angles. This suggests that decrease of midto lower-cervical lordosis acts as a compensatory mechanism for lordotic correction between the occiput and C2. In occipito-cervical fusion surgery, care must be taken to avoid excessive O–C2 angle correction because it might induce mid-to-lower cervical compensatory decrease of lordosis.