Surgical Outcomes of Vitrectomy for Primary Treatment of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

Kyung Ho Lee(Kyung Ho Lee),Yoo-Ri Chung(Yoo-Ri Chung),Ha Ryung Park(Ha Ryung Park),Tae Kyoung Woo(Tae Kyoung Woo),Kihwang Lee(Kihwang Lee) 대한안과학회 2023 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.37 No.2

Purpose: To investigate the clinical results of vitrectomy alone as the primary treatment for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RD) in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: The medical records of patients with AD treated for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) were retrospectivelyreviewed. We investigated the characteristics of retinal breaks and detachments, applied surgical methods, and results. Results: Twenty eyes of 14 patients with AD who presented with rhegmatogenous RD and treated by vitrectomy were includedin this analysis. Sixteen eyes (80%) were treated with vitrectomy, either alone or in combination with cataract surgery,and the retina was successfully attached to 94% of the eyes. There were four cases in which vitrectomy was combined withencircling. Reoperation was needed in half of the eyes that received vitrectomy with encircling, which presented nearly totaldetachment, severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and pseudophakia. Conclusions: Vitrectomy alone, in combination with cataract surgery, may be sufficient to treat rhegmatogenous RD in patientswith AD. Additional encircling or buckling should still be considered in complicated cases.

구조화 문서로서의 사전의 자동 조판

이기황(Lee Kihwang) 한국사전학회 2007 한국사전학 Vol.- No.10

According to Hartman & James(1998), the dictionary is "[t]the most common type of reference work." The term 'work' is an inclusive term and it denotes both a 'writing', an abstract entity and a 'publication', a concrete object. Therefore, it would be fare to say that 'lexicography' which explores the academic and practical issues regarding the dictionary should equally give its attention to the both aspects of the dictionary. This paper deals with the often neglected matter of dictionary typesetting. Specifically, we outline the necessity of the automation of the dictionary typesetting process in order to overcome the various obstacles which arises from the current labour-intensive dictionary typesetting method. As an eligible candidate of an automatic dictionary typesetting system, we propose a system which utilizes the TeX, a typesetting language originally developed for typesetting mathematical texts, as a typesetting engine. We argue that the flexibility and the openness of the TeX are the features required for an automatic dictionary typesetting system for highly dynamic dictionary production environments. As a showcase, we present an experimental implementation of an typesetting system for dictionary texts represented in structured document format. Although this system is very simple and has limited features, it clearly demonstrates the capacity of TeX as a typesetting engine for a complete automatic dictionary typesetting system.

Advanced Daily Prediction Model for National Suicide Numbers with Social Media Data

KyungSang Lee,Hyewon Lee,Woojae Myung,GilYoung Song,Kihwang Lee,Ho Kim,Bernard J. Carroll,DohKwan Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2018 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.15 No.4

Objective-Suicide is a significant public health concern worldwide. Social media data have a potential role in identifying high suicide risk individuals and also in predicting suicide rate at the population level. In this study, we report an advanced daily suicide prediction model using social media data combined with economic/meteorological variables along with observed suicide data lagged by 1 week. Methods-The social media data were drawn from weblog posts. We examined a total of 10,035 social media keywords for suicide prediction. We made predictions of national suicide numbers 7 days in advance daily for 2 years, based on a daily moving 5-year prediction modeling period. Results-Our model predicted the likely range of daily national suicide numbers with 82.9% accuracy. Among the social media variables, words denoting economic issues and mood status showed high predictive strength. Observed number of suicides one week previously, recent celebrity suicide, and day of week followed by stock index, consumer price index, and sunlight duration 7 days before the target date were notable predictors along with the social media variables. Conclusion-These results strengthen the case for social media data to supplement classical social/economic/climatic data in forecasting national suicide events.

사전 뜻풀이문의 패턴 분석을 위한 기초 연구 : 『연세한국어사전』 명사 뜻풀이문의 문말 패턴 추출

이기황(Lee Kihwang) 한국사전학회 2007 한국사전학 Vol.- No.9

This study presents a preliminary investigation of the patterns extracted from dictionary definition sentences. There has been relatively little interest on the formal and functional aspects of definition sentences yet there is no doubt that the definition is a key component of a dictionary. Definition sentences have a set of peculiar features including lexical and structural closures as a body of sublanguage since they are carefully engineered by trained lexicographers for very specific purposes. The rationale behind this study is that definition sentences convey rich covert lexical information that can be revealed by investigating the structural and functional features of the definition sentences using pattern analysis. The patterns of a word are defined as "all the words and structures which are regularly associated with the word and which contribute to its meaning." (Hunston & Francis 1999) In the case of Korean definition sentences, patterns mostly identify the frequent combinations of sentence-final lexical and grammatical items. As a preliminary investigation before a full-fledged pattern analysis of dictionary definitions, we show examples of patterns extracted from the definitions of the noun entries in the Yonsei Korean Dictionary by a simple frequency-based extraction method. The results clearly confirm the lexical closure of the definition sentences and identified a set of patterns which lead to a strong possibility of a well-planned future study.

한국어 사전 어휘의 네트워크 분석 : 『연세한국어사전』의 경우

이기황(Lee Kihwang),이재윤(Lee Jae-Yoon) 한국사전학회 2010 한국사전학 Vol.- No.16

Language dictionary is an unique type of text which shows the properties of sub-language with distinctive structural and formal characteristics. A dictionary holds the knowledge of a particular language shared by the members of a language community either explicitly or implicitly. In this article, we represent the relations between words inherent in a Korean dictionary as a network of links between headwords and definition words and analyze this network using the network analysis methods and quantitative approaches. Our result reveals that the lexical network of a Korean dictionary has the distributional properties of the power law that a number of previous work discovered for various language-related phenomena. We also exemplified the effectiveness of quantitative approaches for gathering semantic relations from the lexical network.

Pirfenidone inhibits transforming growth factor-β1-induced fibrogenesis by blocking nuclear translocation of Smads in human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19

Choi, Kyungsun,Lee, Kihwang,Ryu, Seung-Wook,Im, Minju,Kook, Koung Hoon,Choi, Chulhee Molecular Vision 2012 Molecular vision Vol.18 No.-

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays a key role in transforming retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells into mesenchymal fibroblastic cells, which are implicated in proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Herein, we tested the effect of pirfenidone, a novel antifibrotic agent, on TGF-β1-mediated fibrogenesis in the human RPE cell line ARPE-19.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The effect of pirfenidone on the TGF-β1-induced phenotype in ARPE-19 cells was measured with immunocytochemistry as the change in F-actin. Fibronectin and collagen production was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and cell migration activity was investigated using a scratch assay. Immunoblot analyses of cofilin, sma and mad protein (smad) 2/3, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and extracellular signal-related kinase expression were conducted to elucidate the cell signaling networks that contribute to the antifibrotic effect of pirfenidone.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Treatment with TGF-β1 induced typical phenotypic changes such as formation of stress fiber running parallel to the long axis of cells and enhanced migration and production of extracellular matrix components such as collagen type I and fibronectin. This fibroblast-like phenotype induced by TGF-β1 was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with pirfenidone in a dose-dependent manner. We also elucidated the TGF-β signaling pathways as the target of the inhibitory effect of pirfenidone. Pirfenidone inhibited TGF-β signaling by preventing nuclear accumulation of active Smad2/3 complexes rather than phosphorylation of Smad2/3.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>These results collectively provide a rational background for future evaluation of pirfenidone as a potential antifibrotic agent for treating proliferative vitreoretinopathy and other fibrotic retinal disorders.</P>

BrIC 상해에 대한 경향 분석 및 고찰

이기황,김기석,윤일성,Lee, Kihwang,Kim, Kiseok,Yoon, Ilsung 한국자동차안전학회 2016 자동차안전학회지 Vol.8 No.4

NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) has offered consumers the vehicle safety information on their car since 1978. NHTSA believes that they contribute auto makers to develop safer vehicle for customers, which will result in even lower numbers of deaths and injuries resulting from motor vehicle crashes. NHTSA has been studied why people are still dying in frontal test despite of the use of many restraints system and they understand that current test does not reflect real world crash data such as oblique and corner impact test. As a result, NHTSA announced that a new test method will be introduced to use of enhanced biofidelic dummy and new crash avoidance technology evaluation from 2019. New and refined injury criteria will be applied to Head / Neck / Chest / Lower Leg. BrIC(Brain Injury Criterion)value in NHTSA test results using THOR dummy from 2014 to 2015 was average 0.91 and 1.24 in driver and passenger dummies. IIHS 64kph SOF test is the most likely to new frontal oblique test in an aspect of offset impact which is being studied by NHTSA. In this paper, we focused on head injury, especially brain injury - BrIC and conducted IIHS 64kph SOF (Small Offset Front) test with Hybrid III dummy to evaluate the injury for BrIC. Based on the test results, these data can be predicted BrIC level and US NCAP rating with current vehicle.

전기자동차의 충돌 후 절연 측정 방법을 위한 연구

오성준(Sungjoon Oh),이기황(Kihwang Lee),권남석(Namseuck Kwon),서관호(Kwanho Seo) 한국자동차공학회 2017 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.5

An electric vehicles, which are powered by the rechargeable energy storage system standing for high voltage power, provide the people and society with great benefits, while there are a couple of considerations and challenges in developing the electric vehicle. One of the challenges is to secure the driver and people from the high voltage in the crash and some collision events. If human would be directly exposed to high voltage, human could be injured by electric shock, and if the high voltage components would be shorted to the vehicle chassis due to a collision and component damage, a large current might flow into the human body and cause dangerous results. Therefore, in order to prevent accidents related to high voltage during a crash collision and to make vehicle safe, the relevant standards and specifications need to be strengthened for high voltage system safety. Isolation resistance can be a good indicator for the assessment of high voltage system safety during and after the crash collision. The value can be calculated by measuring the voltage between high voltage components of the electric vehicle. Besides of FMVSS 305, the high voltage safety standard of United States, the ECR R94’s requirement regarding low voltage after the crash states that the voltage measurement shall be made not earlier than 5 seconds, but not later than 60 seconds after the impact. However, it is difficult to measure the value during the timeframe in accordance with the statement in the lab environment, especially isolation resistance during and after the crash, because the high voltage systems are to be cut-off right after the crash collision for the safety of the people who might be exposed to high voltage in accessing the tested vehicle. Therefore, the specific measurement device, which has the internal high voltage source, was developed to measure the isolation resistance in the specified timeframe for internal crash collision in engineering the electric vehicle. The measurement device operates as a data logger and continuously records the isolation resistance properties of the high voltage system of electric vehicle during and right after crash. The voltage data measured can be used to calculate actual electrical isolation resistance for the subject collision, and the device has been verified through a couple of barrier test for the electric vehicles in GM Korea.

Real-world incidence of endopthalmitis after intravitreal anti-VEGF injections in Korea: findings from the Common Data Model in ophthalmology

Yongseok Mun,Seng Chan You,Da Yun Lee,Seok Kim,Yoo-Ri Chung,Kihwang Lee,Ji Hun Song,Young Gun Park,Young Hoon Park,Young-Jung Roh,Se Joon Woo,Kyu Hyung Park,Rae Woong Park,Sooyoung Yoo,Dong-Jin Chang 한국역학회 2021 Epidemiology and Health Vol.43 No.-

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the real-world incidence of endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections using data from the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM). METHODS: Patients with endophthalmitis that developed within 6 weeks after intravitreal anti-VEGF injections were identified in 3 large OMOP CDM databases. RESULTS: We identified 23,490 patients who received 128,123 intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. The incidence rates of endophthalmitis were 15.75 per 10,000 patients and 2.97 per 10,000 injections. The incidence rates of endophthalmitis for bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept (per 10,000 injections) were 3.64, 1.39, and 0.76, respectively. The annual incidence has remained below 5.00 per 10,000 injections since 2011 despite the increasing number of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. Bevacizumab presented a higher incidence rate for endophthalmitis than ranibizumab and aflibercept (incidence rate ratio, 3.17; p=0.021). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-VEGF injections has stabilized since 2011 despite the explosive increase in anti-VEGF injections. The off-label use of bevacizumab accounted for its disproportionately high incidence of endophthalmitis. The OMOP CDM, which includes off-label uses, laboratory data, and a scalable standardized database, could provide a novel strategy to reveal real-world evidence, especially in ophthalmology.

Identification of Keywords From Twitter and Web Blog Posts to Detect Influenza Epidemics in Korea

Woo, Hyekyung,Sung Cho, Hyeon,Shim, Eunyoung,Lee, Jong Koo,Lee, Kihwang,Song, Gilyoung,Cho, Youngtae Cambridge University Press 2018 Disaster medicine and public health preparedness Vol.12 No.3

<B>Abstract</B><B>Objective</B><P>Social media data are a highly contextual health information source. The objective of this study was to identify Korean keywords for detecting influenza epidemics from social media data.</P><B>Methods</B><P>We included data from Twitter and online blog posts to obtain a sufficient number of candidate indicators and to represent a larger proportion of the Korean population. We performed the following steps: initial keyword selection; generation of a keyword time series using a preprocessing approach; optimal feature selection; model building and validation using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, support vector machine (SVM), and random forest regression (RFR).</P><B>Results</B><P>A total of 15 keywords optimally detected the influenza epidemic, evenly distributed across Twitter and blog data sources. Model estimates generated using our SVM model were highly correlated with recent influenza incidence data.</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>The basic principles underpinning our approach could be applied to other countries, languages, infectious diseases, and social media sources. Social media monitoring using our approach may support and extend the capacity of traditional surveillance systems for detecting emerging influenza. (<I>Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness</I>. 2018; 12: 352-359)</P>