A new species of <i>Harpacticella</i> Sars, 1908 ( Copepoda , Harpacticoida ), from a tidal pool on Jeju Island, Korea

Lee, Seunghan,Kim, Kichoon,Lee, Wonchoel Pensoft Publishers 2014 ZooKeys Vol.445 No.-

<P>Abstract</P><P>A new species of the genus <I>Harpacticella</I> Sars, 1908 is described from a tidal pool on Jeju Island, Korea. <I>Harpacticellajejuensis</I><B>sp. n.</B> is closely related to <I>Harpacticellaitoi</I> Chang & Kim, 1991, with regard to the structure of P1 exp-1 and enp-1, the length of P1 exp-1 and exp-2, and the setal number of the P5 exopod in males. However, the new species is clearly distinguishable from <I>Harpacticellaitoi</I> by the combined following characters: six setae on the P5 exopod in females, one naked seta on the inner margin of P1 exp-2, the short endopod of P1 compared to the exopod, and a naked long seta on the proximal inner margin of the P5 exopod of males. The mtCOI partial sequence is provided as a DNA barcode for the new species.</P>

Catching Two Birds with One Stone: Development of Novel Avian Transgenic Animal Models for Agri-medicine

Kichoon Lee 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.41 No.2

Obesity caused by excessive fat accretion in adipose tissue or the whole body is a major health issue in a significant portion of the US population. Economically, the CDC estimates that the US spends $147 billion annually in extra health costs related to obesity. In the poultry industry, decreasing 1% of body fat in the chicken is valued at a total of $30 million per year. The recent advances in bioinformatics and DNA microarray technology allow rapid genetic analysis to take place on a genome-wide scale and have revolutionized the way specific diseases are studied. Our comparative analysis of microarray data across animal species led us to identify several novel adipose tissue-specific genes and demonstrate functions of these genes in adipose development. Because genetics and developmental aspects of adipocyte biology are highly conserved across species, animals including the quail provided excellent models to understand the function of these genes in adipocyte development and lipid metabolism. This approach of studying obesity promises to provide a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for obesity and to discover new candidate genes and their signaling pathways, leading to the development of more effective therapeutic and nutraceutical interventions.

Targeted genome editing in a quail cell line using a customized CRISPR/Cas9 system

Ahn, Jinsoo,Lee, Joonbum,Park, Ju Yeon,Oh, Keon Bong,Hwang, Seongsoo,Lee, Chang-Won,Lee, Kichoon Elsevier 2017 Poultry science Vol.96 No.5

<P>Soon after RNA-guided Cas9 (CRISPRassociated protein 9) endonuclease opened a new era of targeted genome editing, the CRISPR/Cas9 platform began to be extensively used to modify genes in various types of cells and organisms. However, successful CRISPR/Cas9-mediated insertion/deletion (indel) mutation remains to be demonstrated in avian cell lines. The objective of this study was to design a poultry specific CRISPR/Cas9 system to efficiently introduce targeted deletion mutation in chromosomes of the quail muscle clone 7 (QM7) cell line using a customized quail CRISPR vector. In this study, two avian-specific promoters, quail 7SK (q7SK) promoter and CBh promoter, the hybrid form of cytomegalovirus and chicken /3-actin promoters, were cloned into a CRISPR vector for the expression of guide RNA and Cas9 protein, respectively. Then, guide RNA, which was designed to target 20-base pair (bp) nucleotides in the quail melanophilin (MLPH) locus, was ligated to the modified CRISPR vector and transfected to QM7 cells. Our results showed multiple indel mutations in the quail MLPH locus in nearly half of the alleles being tested, suggesting the high efficiency of the system for targeted gene modification. The new CRISPR vector developed from this study has the potential application to generate knockout avian cell lines and knockout poultry.</P>

Use of Lysozyme as a Feed Additive on In vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methane Emission

Biswas, Ashraf A.,Lee, Sung Sill,Mamuad, Lovelia L.,Kim, Seon-Ho,Choi, Yeon-Jae,Bae, Gui-Seck,Lee, Kichoon,Sung, Ha-Guyn,Lee, Sang-Suk Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.11

This study was conducted to determine the effect of lysozyme addition on in vitro rumen fermentation and to identify the lysozyme inclusion rate for abating methane ($CH_4$) production. An in vitro ruminal fermentation technique was done using a commercial concentrate to rice straw ratio of 8:2 as substrate. The following treatments were applied wherein lysozyme was added into 1 mg dry matter substrate at different levels of inclusion: Without lysozyme, 2,000, 4,000, and 8,000 U lysozyme. Results revealed that, lysozyme addition had a significant effect on pH after 24 h of incubation, with the highest pH (p<0.01) observed in 8,000 U lysozyme, followed by the 4,000 U, 2,000 U, and without lysozyme. The highest amounts of acetic acid, propionic acid (p<0.01) and total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) (p<0.05) were found in 8,000 U after 24 h of incubation. The $CH_4$ concentration was the lowest in the 8,000 U and the highest in the without lysozyme addition after 24 h of incubation. There was no significant differences in general bacteria, methanogen, or protozoan DNA copy number. So far, addition of lysozyme increased the acetate, propionate, TVFA, and decreased $CH_4$ concentration. These results suggest that lysozyme supplementation may improve in vitro rumen fermentation and reduce $CH_4$ emission.

Exogenous and Endogeneous Disialosyl Ganglioside GD1b Induces Apoptosis of MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells

Ha, Sun-Hyung,Lee, Ji-Min,Kwon, Kyung-Min,Kwak, Choong-Hwan,Abekura, Fukushi,Park, Jun-Young,Cho, Seung-Hak,Lee, Kichoon,Chang, Young-Chae,Lee, Young-Choon,Choi, Hee-Jung,Chung, Tae-Wook,Ha, Ki-Tae,Ch MDPI 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.17 No.5

<P>Gangliosides have been known to play a role in the regulation of apoptosis in cancer cells. This study has employed disialyl-ganglioside GD1b to apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells using exogenous treatment of the cells with GD1b and endogenous expression of GD1b in MCF-7 cells. First, apoptosis in MCF-7 cells was observed after treatment of GD1b. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with GD1b reduced cell growth rates in a dose and time dependent manner during GD1b treatment, as determined by XTT assay. Among the various gangliosides, GD1b specifically induced apoptosis of the MCF-7 cells. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence assays showed that GD1b specifically induces apoptosis in the MCF-7 cells with Annexin V binding for apoptotic actions in early stage and propidium iodide (PI) staining the nucleus of the MCF-7 cells. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with GD1b activated apoptotic molecules such as processed forms of caspase-8, -7 and PARP (Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase), without any change in the expression of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis molecules such as Bax and Bcl-2. Second, to investigate the effect of endogenously produced GD1b on the regulation of cell function, UDP-gal: β1,3-galactosyltransferase-2 (GD1b synthase, Gal-T2) gene has been transfected into the MCF-7 cells. Using the GD1b synthase-transfectants, apoptosis-related signal proteins linked to phenotype changes were examined. Similar to the exogenous GD1b treatment, the cell growth of the GD1b synthase gene-transfectants was significantly suppressed compared with the vector-transfectant cell lines and transfection activated the apoptotic molecules such as processed forms of caspase-8, -7 and PARP, but not the levels of expression of Bax and Bcl-2. GD1b-induced apoptosis was blocked by caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD. Therefore, taken together, it was concluded that GD1b could play an important role in the regulation of breast cancer apoptosis.</P>

Exogenous and Endogeneous Disialosyl Ganglioside GDlb Induces Apoptosis Of MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells

( Sun Hyung Ha ),( Ji Min Lee ),( Kyung Min Kwon ),( Choong Hwan Kwak ),( Fukushi Abekura ),( Jun Young Park ),( Seung Hak Cho ),( Kichoon Lee ),( Young Chae Chang ),( Young Choon Lee ),( Hee Jung Cho 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2016 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.26 No.-

Gangliosides have been known to play a role in the regulation of apoptosis in cancer cells. This study has employed disialyl-ganglioside GDlb to apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells using exogenous treatment of the cells with GDlb and endogenous expression of GDlb in MCF-7 cells. First, apoptosis in MCF-7 cells was observed after treatment of GDlb. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with GDlb reduced cell growth rates in a dose and time dependent manner during GDlb treatment, as determined by XTT assay. Among the various gangliosides, GDlb specifically induced apoptosis of the MCF-7 cells. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence assays showed that GDlb specifically induces apoptosis in the MCF-7 cells with Annexin V binding for apoptotic actions in early stage and propidium iodide (PI) staining the nucleus of the MCF-7 cells. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with GDlb activated apoptotic molecules such as processed forms of caspase-S, -7 and PARP (Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase), without any change in the expression of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis molecules such as Bax and Bcl-2. Second, to investigate the effect of endogenously produced GDlb on the regulation of cell function, UDP-gal: [β1,3-galactosyltransferase-2 (GDlb synthase, Gal-T2) gene has been transfected into the MCF-7 cells. Using the GDlb synthase-transfectants, apoptosis-related signal proteins linked to phenotype changes were examined. Similar to the exogenous GDlb treatment, the cell growth of the GDlb synthase gene-transfectants was significantly suppressed compared with the vector-transfectant cell lines and transfection activated the apoptotic molecules such as processed forms of caspase-S, -7 and PARP, but not the levels of expression of Bax and Bcl-2. GDlb-induced

Morphological and molecular affinities of two East Asian species of <i>Stenhelia</i> (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida)

Karanovic, Tomislav,Kim, Kichoon,Lee, Wonchoel Pensoft Publishers 2014 ZooKeys Vol.411 No.-

<P>Abstract</P><P>Definition of monophyletic supraspecific units in the harpacticoid subfamily Stenheliinae Brady, 1880 has been considered problematic and hindered by the lack of molecular or morphology based phylogenies, as well as by incomplete original descriptions of many species. Presence of a modified seta on the fifth leg endopod has been suggested recently as a synapomorphy of eight species comprising the redefined genus <I>Stenhelia</I> Boeck, 1865, although its presence was not known in <I>S. pubescens</I> Chislenko, 1978. We redescribe this species in detail here, based on our freshly collected topotypes from the Russian Far East. The other species redescribed in this paper was collected from the southern coast of South Korea and identified as the Chinese <I>S. taiae</I> Mu & Huys, 2002, which represents its second record ever and the first one in Korea. A fragment of the mtCOI gene was successfully PCR-amplified from two specimens of each species, which represents the first molecular data for this genus, and from additional 19 specimens belonging to six different species of other stenheliins from Korea and Russia. Reconstructed phylogenies confirm previously postulated monophyly of <I>Stenhelia</I> and polyphyly of the closely related genus <I>Delavalia</I> Brady, 1869. Average pairwise maximum likelihood distances between <I>S. pubescens</I> and <I>S. taiae</I> are only slightly above 10%, suggesting a very close relationship despite numerous newly discovered micro-morphological differences and despite macro-morphological similarities being probable plesiomorphies.</P>

Sensory Quality and Histochemical Characteristics of Longissimus Thoracis Muscles between Hanwoo and Holstein Steers from Different Quality Grades

Jae Yeong Kim,Boin Lee,Dong Hwan Kim,Kichoon Lee,Eun Joong Kim,Young Min Choi 한국축산식품학회 2021 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.41 No.5

This study compared the meat quality characteristics, palatability, and histochemical characteristics of low-marbled Hanwoo and Holstein steers of different beef quality grades (1, 2, and 3). No differences were observed in muscle pH24 h and cooking loss between the groups (p>0.05); however, quality grade 1 of Hanwoo steers (HA1) showed a darker muscle surface compared to grade 1 of Holstein steers (HO1) (30.9 vs. 33.9, p<0.05). The HA2 group exhibited a lower value of Warner-Bratzler shear force compared to the HO1 and HO3 groups (60.8 vs. 69.2 and 87.8 N, p<0.001). For sensory quality attributes, steaks from the HA1 group showed higher scores of softness, initial tenderness, and amount of perceptible residue than steaks from the HO1 group (p<0.001). Within the quality grade 2, Hanwoo steers had a higher score of softness compared to Holstein steers (p<0.001). There were no differences in juiciness and flavor intensity between Hanwoo and Holstein steers at the same quality grade (p>0.05). This difference in tenderness attributes between the breeds within the quality grade was associated with morphological traits of muscle bundle, and Hanwoo steers had smaller bundle area (0.37 vs. 0.50 mm2, p<0.05) and higher fiber number per bundle (88.2 vs. 121, p<0.05) compared to Holstein steers. Therefore, bundle characteristics of longissimus thoracis muscle can be crucial for explaining factor for the explanation of tenderness variations between different breeds at the same beef quality grade or marbling.

<b>Concordance between molecular and morphology-based phylogenies of Korean Enhydrosoma (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Cletodidae) highlights important </b><b>synapomorphies and homoplasies in this genus globally</b>.

KARANOVIC, TOMISLAV,KIM, KICHOON,LEE, WONCHOEL Magnolia Press 2015 Zootaxa Vol.3990 No.4

Two unrecorded species of the family Comesomatidae Filipjev, 1918 (Nematoda: Araeolaimida) from Korea

Jung-Ho Hong,김형근,Kichoon Kim,이승한,이강현,Wonchoel Lee 국립생물자원관 2023 Journal of species research Vol.12 No.2

Two known species of the family Comesomatidae Filipjev, 1918 were collected from marine sediments of the sublittoral zone in the East Sea, Korea and described and illustrated. Dorylaimopsis variabilis Muthumbi, Soetaert and Vincx, 1997, which was originally described from the Kenyan coast in the Indian Ocean, is recorded from the East Sea, Korea for the first time; there are only slight differences in amphidial fovea turns, body length, body width and relative length of tail. Setosabatieria hilarula (De Man, 1922), Platt, 1985, which was originally described from the North Sea, is recorded from the East Sea, Korea for the first time; there are only slight differences in the number of precloacal supplements, the relative length of tail and the posterior portion of tail. We provide pictorial keys for determination of valid species in the genera Dorylaimopsis Ditlevsen, 1918 and Setosabatieria Platt, 1985. This is the first description of the genus Dorylaimopsis and Setosabatieria from Korean waters.