Effect of Eight Week's Dryland Strength Training on Adolescent Backstroke and Freestyle Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Khaled Abdullah Alshdokhi(Khaled Abdullah Alshdokhi ),Carl James Petersen(Carl James Petersen ),Jenny Claire Clarke(Jenny Claire Clarke ) 사피엔시아 2020 Exercise Medicine Vol.4 No.-

Objectives: Swimmers undertake dryland training to improve power and maximise propulsion. Our purpose was to improve strength and quantify transfer to adolescent sprint backstroke and freestyle performances. Methods: Twenty-eight male competitive swimmers participated (age: 12.6±2.6 years; height 156.4±13.4 cm; mass 49.8±15.0 Kg; 50 m freestyle best time 45.0±8.5 s) and were randomized to either dryland strength plus swimming (DS) or a swimming only control group (CONT). The 8 week dryland programme (3 days/week) consisted of 8–10 exercises per session (22 exercises in total) with predominantly 1–2 sets of ~10–20 repetitions. Pre, mid and post 8 weeks training, a strength test battery (countermovement jump, pronated chin ups, isometric forearm and back extension) and 25 m pool testing of backstroke and freestyle was undertaken. Results: DS had greater strength improvements across the test battery (13–167%; ES, 0.51–1.84) than CONT (8-120%; ES, 0.35–2.0) with p<0.05 for 6 of 8 measures. For 50 and 100 m freestyle, DS had greater percentage improvement (DS, 4.8±1.6 and 3.7±1.6%, ES, 0.20 and 0.16; CONT, 2.7±0.9 and 1.6±0.8%, ES, 0.16 and 0.13, p<0.01). There was no between group statistically significant change in backstroke percentage improvement, however both groups displayed small magnitudes of improvements in 50 m and trivial improvements over the 100 m distance (DS, 4.4±2.3 and 1.6±0.5%, ES, 0.29 and 0.08; CONT, 3.6±2.5 and 1.3±0.5%, ES, 0.26, 0.08). Conclusions: Over 8 weeks, adding 90 min dryland training / week to ~7 hour/week swim schedule further improved freestyle ~2.1% and backstroke ~0.5% more than swim training alone.

Effect of 8 Weeks of Grip Strength Training on Adolescent Sprint Swimming: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Khaled Abdullah Alshdokhi(Khaled Abdullah Alshdokhi ),Carl James Petersen(Carl James Petersen ),Jenny Claire Clarke(Jenny Claire Clarke ) 사피엔시아 2020 Exercise Medicine Vol.4 No.-

Objectives: Grip strength positively correlates with faster sprint swimming performance in both master and elite level swimmers. But it remains unknown whether improving grip strength improves swim performance. Our objective was firstly to increase grip strength and secondly to determine if improved grip strength results in faster backstroke and freestyle sprint swimming performance. Methods: Using a randomised, control trial design 26 adolescent swimmers were randomly divided into either a swimming only Control group (n=9, age 11.5 ± 1.6 y; 6 male, 3 female) or one of two grip strength training groups: Powerball (n=9, age 11.5 ± 1.6 y, 6 male, 3 female) or Stressball (n= 8, age 11.6 ± 1.6 y, 5 male, 3 female). The Powerball (Powerball and Power Gripper devices) and Stressball (Stressball and Skrunch ball) groups completed a grip strength training program (4x/week for 8 weeks) in addition to their normal swimming training (4 hours per week). Pre and post the training intervention, isometric grip strength was measured using a mechanical hand dynamometer (Lafayette Instrument, Lafayette, IN) while 50 m freestyle and 100 m backstroke short-course swimming time trials were also undertaken. Results: Over 8 weeks, all groups improved their maximal grip strength with moderate to large changes (Powerball 30 ± 12%, ES=1.70; Stressball 36 ± 22%, ES=1.07; Control 35 ± 12%, ES=0.79). There were no statistically significant changes for any group in the 100 m backstroke (P>0.05), but significant (P<0.05) small improvement in the Powerball (4.1 ± 5.6%, ES=0.26) and Stressball groups (3.4 ± 3.4%, ES=0.24) during 50 m freestyle. There were no significant between group changes for any variable. Conclusions: Grip strength improved but failed to improve 100 m backstroke performance. Improving grip strength may contribute towards faster 50 m freestyle swim performance in this adolescent age group.

The Impact of Capital Adequacy and Operating Efficiency on Saudi Banks Performance

Khaled Subhi RAJHA(Khaled Subhi RAJHA ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.2

This study investigates the impact of capital adequacy and operating efficiency on the performance of Saudi banks. In the first part, the study includes a brief introduction focused on the impact of capital adequacy and operating efficiency on the performance of banks. In the second part, a literature review examined various studies on the impact of capital adequacy and operating efficiency on banks’ performance. The study methodology was presented in the third part, based on a sample that included all local Saudi banks from 2010 to 2021, using a study model to answer the study hypotheses. The results of the panel data regression indicated that CAR had a negative and significant effect on ROA and ROE but a negative and non-significant effect on NIM. CIR has a negative and significant effect on ROA, ROE, and NIM, while SIZE, LTD, and MS have a positive and significant effect on ROA, ROE, and NIM. Elimination of defects has no significant effect on return on assets, return on equity, and the NIF. But CR has no significant effect on ROA and ROE but has a positive and significant effect on NIM.

Safe bioremediation of chromium by Pseudomonas isolated from industrial waste water and detection of genes responsible for its degradation

Sara Khaled Ahmed(Sara Khaled Ahmed ),Gamal Mohamedin Hassan(Gamal Mohamedin Hassan ),Tharwat El dosoky Radwan(Tharwat El dosoky Radwan ) 한국축산식품학회 2022 Food and Life Vol.2022 No.2

Isolation of microorganisms capable of reducing toxic chromium (VI) into less toxic chromium (III) has been given attention due to their significance in bioremediation of the contaminated sites. Five isolates out of the twelve isolates were selected according to their abilities to grow in the presence of high concentration of chromium. From the five bacterial isolates, isolates FAYP2 and FAYP3 were selected according to their higher reduction percent of toxic chromium (VI) into chromium (III) and their reduction percent was 60% and 70% respectively. The isolates FAYP2 and FAYP3 were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas zhadogens, respectively, based on morphological and biochemical characterization and confirmed by molecular sequence analyses of amplified 16S rRNA genes with accession numbers OMO10239 and OMO019074. The results reveal that P. aeruginosa FAYP2 and P. zhadogens FAYP3 can be used for the bioremediation of wastewater effluent containing hexavalent chromium.

GTPBP4 Copy Number Segments as a Predictor of Overall and Disease-Specific Survival of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

( Khaled Mohy Ismaeil ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1

A Critical Appraisal of Shakespeare’s Creative Conceptual Blending of the Supernatural and the Human in the Dramatic Composition of Macbeth

Khaled Karam 한국셰익스피어학회 2018 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.54 No.3

This paper applies the cognitive theory of conceptual integration to the dramatic composition of Shakespeare’s Macbeth in which the abstract and the concrete as well as the supernatural and the natural are blended in the mind of the audience to generate a novel conceptual outcome and an enveloping unity, suggesting a remarkable dramatic significance. The paper argues that an understanding of the mechanism of conceptual blending is indispensable to the recognition of the narrative composition and thematic content of the play. The paper concludes that what makes the play memorable is Shakespeare’s creative capacity of blending irreconcilable concepts and contradictory elements conceptually in an insightful and coherent whole.

Error estimates for a Galerkin method for a coupled nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equations

Khaled Omrani,Mohamed Rahmeni 대한수학회 2020 대한수학회보 Vol.57 No.1

In this paper, we approximate the solution of the coupled nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations by using a fully discrete finite element scheme based on the standard Galerkin method in space and implicit midpoint discretization in time. The proposed scheme guarantees the conservation of the total mass and the energy. First, a priori error estimates for the fully discrete Galerkin method is derived. Second, the existence of the approximated solution is proved by virtue of the Brouwer fixed point theorem. Moreover, the uniqueness of the solution is shown. Finally, convergence orders of the fully discrete Crank-Nicolson scheme are discussed. The end of the paper is devoted to some numerical experiments.

A Functional Perspective on the Embryology and Anatomy of the Cerebral Blood Supply

Khaled Menshawi,Jay P Mohr,Jose Gutierrez 대한뇌졸중학회 2015 Journal of stroke Vol.17 No.2

The anatomy of the arterial system supplying blood to the brain can influence the development of arterial disease such as aneurysms, dolichoectasia and atherosclerosis. As the arteries supplying blood to the brain develop during embryogenesis, variation in their anatomy may occur and this variation may influence the development of arterial disease. Angiogenesis, which occurs mainly by sprouting of parent arteries, is the first stage at which variations can occur. At day 24 of embryological life, the internal carotid artery is the first artery to form and it provides all the blood required by the primitive brain. As the occipital region, brain stem and cerebellum enlarge; the internal carotid supply becomes insufficient, triggering the development of the posterior circulation. At this stage, the posterior circulation consists of a primitive mesh of arterial networks that originate from projection of penetrators from the distal carotid artery and more proximally from carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses. These anastomoses regress when the basilar artery and the vertebral arteries become independent from the internal carotid artery, but their persistence is not uncommon in adults (e.g., persistent trigeminal artery). Other common remnants of embryological development include fenestration or duplication (most commonly of the basilar artery), hypoplasia (typically of the posterior communicating artery) or agenesis (typically of the anterior communicating artery). Learning more about the hemodynamic consequence that these variants may have on the brain territories they supply may help understand better the underlying physiopathology of cerebral arterial remodeling and stroke in patients with these variants.

Synthesis and anti-inflammatory evaluation of new 1,3,5-triaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole derivatives possessing an aminosulphonyl pharmacophore

Khaled R. A. Abdellatif,Mohamed A. Abdelgawad,Heba A. H. Elshemy,Shahinda S. R. Alsayed 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.11

Anovel series of 2-pyrazoline derivatives 13a–l wassynthesized via aldol condensation of 4-substituted acetophenoneswith appropriately substituted aldehydes followed by cyclizationof the formed chalcones with 4-hydrazinobenzenesulfonamidehydrochloride. The chemical structures of the targetpyrazoline derivatives were proved by means of IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analyses data. All thesynthesized compounds were evaluated for their cyclooxygenaseselectivity, anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic liability. Whilecompounds 13e, 13h and 13i showed moderate COX-2 selectivityin vitro and good anti-inflammatory activity in vivo, compound13i showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity that isvery close in potency to the reference drug (celecoxib) with bettergastric profile than celecoxib.

Structural Qualification of a Developed GFRP‑Reinforced Concrete Bridge Barrier using Ultimate Load Testing

Khaled Sennah,Ekaterina Tropynina,Zaki Ibrahim,Saman Hedjazi 한국콘크리트학회 2018 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.12 No.6

Corrosion of reinforcing steel bars is the main factor affecting durability and service life of steel-reinforced bridge barriers in North America. The use of glass fiber reinforcing polymer (GFRP) bars as non-corrosive material has emerged as an innovative solution to corrosion related problems. A recent cost-effective design of PL-3 bridge barrier was developed at Ryerson University incorporating high-modulus GFRP bars with headed ends. An experimental program was conducted to investigate the load carrying capacity of the developed barrier wall. A 40-m long barrier was constructed and tested at four different locations to investigate its structural behavior, crack pattern and ultimate strength when subjected to the equivalent static loading simulating vehicle impact. Experimental results were compared with the design values specified in the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. Experimental findings showed a large margin of safety for the proposed GFRP-reinforced barriers. The failure pattern due to transversal loading the longitudinal barrier over 2400 mm length was initiated by a trapezoidal flexural crack pattern at front face of the barrier, followed by punching shear failure at the transverse load location. Comparison between the available punching shear equations in the literature and the punching shear failure developed in the barrier wall was conducted.