Impact of Dietary Fiber Fermentation from Cereal Grains on Metabolite Production by the Fecal Microbiota from Normal Weight and Obese Individuals

Junyi Yang,Ali Keshavarzian,Devin J. Rose 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.9

Gut bacteria may influence obesity through the metabolites produced by dietary fiber fermentation (mainly,short-chain fatty acids [SCFA]). Five cereal grain samples (wheat, rye, maize [corn], rice, and oats) were subjected to in vitro digestion and fermentation using fecal samples from 10 obese and nine normal weight people. No significant differences in total SCFA production between the normal weight and obese groups were observed [279 (12) vs. 280 (12), mean (standard error), respectively; P = .935]. However, the obese microbiota resulted in elevated propionate production compared with that of normal weight [24.8(2.2) vs. 17.8(1.9), respectively; P = .008]. Rye appeared to be particularly beneficial among grain samples due to the lowest propionate production and highest butyrate production during fermentation. These data suggest that the dietary fibers from cereal grains affect bacterial metabolism differently in obese and normal weight classes and that certain grains may be particularly beneficial for promoting gut health in obese states.

Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth attenuate trigeminal neuralgia in rats by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress

Yang, Zhijie,Wang, Chun,Zhang, Xia,Li, Jing,Zhang, Ziqi,Tan, Zhao,Wang, Junyi,Zhang, Junyang,Bai, Xiaofeng The Korean Pain Society 2022 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.35 No.4

Background: The treatment of trigeminal neuralgia remains a challenging issue. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) provide optimized therapy for chronic pain. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the attenuation of trigeminal neuralgia by SHED. Methods: Trigeminal neuralgia was induced by chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve. The mechanical threshold was assessed after model establishment and local SHED transplantation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) morphology and Caspase12 expression in trigeminal ganglion (TG) was evaluated as well. BiP expression was observed in PC12 cells induced by tunicamycin. Results: The local transplantation of SHED could relieve trigeminal neuralgia in rats. Further, transmission electron microscopy revealed swelling of the ER in rats with trigeminal neuralgia. Moreover, SHED inhibited the tunicamycin-induced up-regulated expression of BiP mRNA and protein in vitro. Additionally, SHED decreased the up-regulated expression of Caspase12 mRNA and protein in the TG of rats caused by trigeminal neuralgia after chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve mode. Conclusions: This findings demonstrated that SHED could alleviate pain by relieving ER stress which provide potential basic evidence for clinical pain treatment.

Nomograms to Predict the Individual Survival of Patients with Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Hepatectomy

( Junyi Shen ),( Linye He ),( Chuan Li ),( Tianfu Wen ),( Weixia Chen ),( Changli Lu ),( Lvnan Yan ),( Bo Li ),( Jiayin Yang ) 대한간학회 2017 Gut and Liver Vol.11 No.5

Background/Aims: Solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a subgroup of HCCs. We aimed to establish nomograms for predicting the survival of solitary HCC patients after hepatectomy. Methods: A total of 538 solitary HCC patients were randomly classified into training and validation sets. A Cox model was used to identify predictors of overall survival (OS) in the training set. A nomogram was generated based on these predictors and was validated using the validation set. Results: Tumor size, microvascular invasion, and major vascular invasion were significantly associated with OS in the training set. Nomograms were developed based on these predictors in the multivariate analysis. The C-index was 0.75 for the OS nomogram and 0.72 for the recurrence-free sur-vival nomogram. Compared to the index of conventional stag-ing systems for predicting survival (0.71 for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, 0.66 for the seventh American Joint Committee on Cancer, 0.68 for Cancer of the Liver Italian Program, and 0.70 for Hong Kong Liver Cancer), the index of the OS nomo-gram was significantly higher. Moreover, the calibration curve fitted well between the predicted and observed survival rate. Similarly, in the validation set, the nomogram discrimination was superior to those of the four staging systems (p<0.001). Conclusions: The nomograms demonstrated good discrimi-nation performance in predicting 3- and 5-year survival rates for solitary HCCs after hepatectomy. (Gut Liver 2017;11:684- 692)

Field development optimization in mature oil reservoirs using a hybrid algorithm

Yang, Hyungjun,Kim, Junyi,Choe, Jonggeun Elsevier 2017 Journal of petroleum science & engineering Vol.156 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Many optimization schemes have been proposed to simultaneously optimize various variables such as well locations, well operation schedules, well types, and the number of wells. However, most of these approaches often focused on fixed well type without considering conversion of existing wells.</P> <P>This paper proposes a new optimization for mature oil field development. Since converting from producers to injectors is a common practice in mature oil field, we have to optimize simultaneously type conversion schedules of all existing producers and infill wells as well as the number of infill wells, their locations, and operation schedules. We propose a new hybrid algorithm, which combines differential evolution (DE) algorithm and mesh adaptive direct search algorithm (MADS) to solve our optimization task.</P> <P>By considering well type conversion, it will increase the complexity of searching space but provide more realistic and optimal development plan. We demonstrate it in 2D synthetic and 3D PUNQ-S3 reservoirs for optimal field development. The proposed optimization considering well type conversion provides higher net present value than the fixed well type optimization in the both cases. The hybrid algorithm also shows better search performances than DE and MADS algorithms. Thus, we conclude that consideration of well conversion schedules is necessary for economical field development scenarios in mature oil fields.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We proposea new field development optimization formature oil reservoirs including well type conversion schedules. </LI> <LI> The proposedhybrid algorithm combines differential evolution (DE) algorithm and mesh adaptive direct search algorithm (MADS). </LI> <LI> The hybrid algorithm showsgoodperformancesin both 2D and 3D PUNQ-S3 mature oil reservoircasesby considering well type conversion. </LI> </UL> </P>

Mapping QTLs for Tissue Culture Response in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Chao Yang,Tuanjie Zhao,Deyue Yu,Junyi Gai 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.32 No.4

Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control the tissue cul-ture response in soybean were detected by using 184 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from two varieties: Kefeng No.1 and Nannong 1138-2. The molecular map consisting of 834 molecular markers using this population covered space 2307.83 cM of the genome throughout 24 linkage groups. The performance of tissue culture in soybean was evaluated by two indices: callus induction frequency (CIF) and somatic embryos initiation frequency (SEIF). They were expressed as the number of explants producing callus/ the number of total explants and the number of explants producing somatic embryos/ the number of total explants, respectively. The RIL lines showed continuous segregation for both indices. With the composite interval mapping (CIM) described in Windows QTL Cartographer Version 2.5, three quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified for the frequency of callus induction, on chromosomes B2 and D2, accounting for phenotypic variation from 5.84% to 16.60%; four QTLs on chromo-some G were detected for the frequency of somatic em-bryos initiation and explained the phenotypic variation from 7.79% to 14.16%. The information of new QTLs identified in the present study will contribute to genetic improvement of regeneration traits with marker-assisted selection (MAS) in soybean.

Business Software Rapid Development Platform based on SOA

Haigen Yang,Xiaoting Rui,Yixin Liu,Junyi He 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.6 No.3

Effects of the costoclavicular block versus interscalene block in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery under monitored anesthesia care: a randomized, prospective, non-inferiority study

Luo Quehua,Zheng Junyi,Yang Caiqi,Wei Wei,Wang Kejia,Xiang Xiaobing,Yao Weifeng 대한마취통증의학회 2023 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.76 No.5

Background: Recent studies have reported that costoclavicular blocks (CCBs) can consistently block almost all branches of the brachial plexus while sparing the phrenic nerve and provide effective analgesia after shoulder surgery. We aimed to compare the efficacy of the CCB with that of the interscalene block (ISB) as the sole blocking technique for shoulder surgery.Methods: A total of 212 patients undergoing elective arthroscopic shoulder surgery were randomized to receive an ISB or CCB based on a non-inferiority design. All patients received titration sedation with propofol under monitored anesthesia during surgery. The primary outcomes were the proportion of patients with complete motor blockade of the suprascapular nerve (SSN) and incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis (HDP). The secondary outcomes included block-related variables, complications, and postoperative pain scores. Results: The proportion of patients with complete motor blockade of the SSN at 20 min between the CCB and ISB groups (53% vs. 66%) exceeded the predefined non-inferiority margin of −5%, but was comparable at 30 min (87% vs. 91%). The CCB resulted in a significantly lower incidence of HDP (7.55% vs. 92.45%), Horner’s syndrome (0% vs. 18.87%), and dyspnea (0% vs. 10.38%) than the ISB. None of the patients experienced failed blocks or required conversion to general anesthesia. Pain scores were comparable between the groups.Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided CCBs may be comparable to ISBs, with fewer unfavorable complications in patients with impaired lung function undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Transcriptome comparative analysis between the cytoplasmic male sterile line and fertile line in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Jiajia Li,Shouping Yang,Junyi Gai 한국유전학회 2017 Genes & Genomics Vol.39 No.10

To further elucidate the molecular mechanism and fertility restoration of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in soybean, a comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted between the CMS line NJCMS1A, restorer line NJCMS1C and their hybrid F1 progeny (NJCMS1A × NJCMS1C) using RNA-Seq strategy. After pairwise comparative analysis of these soybean lines, 294, 222, and 288 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, respectively. Further bioinformatic analysis indicated that these DEGs were involved in diverse molecular functions and metabolic pathways. qRT-PCR analysis validated that the gene expression pattern in RNA-Seq was reliable. These results significantly showed that the male sterility and fertility restoration in NJCMS1A might be related to a series of the abnormal of growth development and metabolic processes, such as pollen development, DNA methylation process, pollen viability, cell wall development, programmed cell death, as well as carbohydrate and energy metabolism. This study could facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and fertility restoration behind CMS in soybean.

Algorithm to Differentiate Indoor MTC Devices

Xiaoping Zeng,Yuan He,Xin Jian,Yunjian Jia,Junyi Yang 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.8 No.1

Effect of sulfate activators on mechanical property of high replacement low-calcium ultrafine fly ash blended cement paste

Liu, Baoju,Tan, Jinxia,Shi, Jinyan,Liang, Hui,Jiang, Junyi,Yang, Yuanxia Techno-Press 2021 Advances in concrete construction Vol.11 No.3

Due to economic and environmental benefits, increasing the substitution ratio of ordinary cement by industry by-products like fly ash (FA) is one of the best approaches to reduce the impact of the concrete industry on the environment. However, as the substitution rate of FA increases, it will have an adverse impact on the performance of cement-based materials, so the actual substitution rate of FA is limited to around 10-30%. Therefore, in order to increase the early-age strength of high replacement (30-70%) low-calcium ultrafine FA blended cement paste, sodium sulfate and calcium sulfate dihydrate were used to improve the reactivity of FA. The results show that sodium sulfate has a significant enhancement effect on the strength of the composite pastes in the early and late ages, while calcium sulfate dihydrate has only a slight effect in the late ages. The addition of sodium sulfate in the cement-FA blended system can enhance the gain rate of non-evaporation water, and can decrease the Ca(OH)2 content. In addition, when the sulfate chemical activators are added, the ettringite content increases, and the surface of the FA is dissolved and hydrated.