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Lee, Yeon Kyung,Choi, Jungil,Wang, Wenping,Lee, Soyoung,Nam, Tae-Hyun,Choi, Wan Sung,Kim, Chang-Joon,Lee, Jong Kwon,Kim, Sang-Hyun,Kang, Sang Soo,Khang, Dongwoo American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.10
<P>As the majority of side effects of current chemotherapies stems from toxicity due to excessive dosing of anticancer drugs, minimizing the amount of drug while maximizing drug efficacy is essential to increase the life-quality of chemotherapy patients. This study demonstrated that the intracellular delivery of amide linked doxorubicin on carbon nanotube can nullify the efflux of cancer cells by achieving prolonged endolysosome delivery and can induce burst release of doxorubicin in an acidic hydrolase environment and, ultimately, can reduce the amount of anticancer drug by 10-fold compared to conventional effective drug dose. The clearance of accumulated carbon nanotubes in the liver was observed after 4 weeks, and analysis of liver toxicity markers showed no significant changes in GOT and GPT levels and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines across both short- and long-term periods.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-10/nn4041206/production/images/medium/nn-2013-041206_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn4041206'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
A rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test based on single-cell morphological analysis
Choi, Jungil,Yoo, Jungheon,Lee, Mincheol,Kim, Eun-Geun,Lee, Ji Soo,Lee, Seungok,Joo, Seik,Song, Sang Hoon,Kim, Eui-Chong,Lee, Jung Chan,Kim, Hee Chan,Jung, Yong-Gyun,Kwon, Sunghoon American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2014 Science Translational Medicine Vol.6 No.267
<P>A rapid antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) is desperately needed in clinical settings for fast and appropriate antibiotic administration. Traditional ASTs, which rely on cell culture, are not suitable for urgent cases of bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance owing to their relatively long test times. We describe a novel AST called single-cell morphological analysis (SCMA) that can determine antimicrobial susceptibility by automatically analyzing and categorizing morphological changes in single bacterial cells under various antimicrobial conditions. The SCMA was tested with four Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standard bacterial strains and 189 clinical samples, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase–positive <I>Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae</I>, imipenem-resistant <I>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</I>, methicillin-resistant <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I>, and vancomycin-resistant <I>Enterococci</I> from hospitals. The results were compared with the gold standard broth microdilution test. The SCMA results were obtained in less than 4 hours, with 91.5% categorical agreement and 6.51% minor, 2.56% major, and 1.49% very major discrepancies. Thus, SCMA provides rapid and accurate antimicrobial susceptibility data that satisfy the recommended performance of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.</P>
이영모(Young Mo Lee),이정일(Jungil Lee),이재화(Jae Hwa Lee) 대한기계학회 2019 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2019 No.11
Wall-modeled LES (WMLES) is promising to simulate a turbulent flow at high Reynolds number with a reasonable cost because the required computational cost of large-eddy simulation in the near-wall region is proportional to approximately square of the friction Reynolds number (Reτ). An equilibrium stress model is the most widely used method due to the high efficiency. However, this method is still required to enhance the accuracy and applicability because of the limitations of the equilibrium assumption. In the present study, an artificial neural network (ANN) is used to obtain the wall shear stress for WMLES. The proposed method shows good prediction on the profiles of mean velocity and Reynolds stresses compared to equilibrium model when direct numerical simulation dataset of turbulent channel flows is trained at Reτ=395, 540, 930 and 2000. In addition, the present method predicts well the turbulent statistics at Re<SUB>τ</SUB>=640 and 5200, which are untrained by the ANN.
QCD Radiative Corrections to J/ψ Leptonic Decay by Using the Scalar-Integral Reduction Method
Jungil Lee,Chaehyun Yu 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.4
We study the scalar-integral reduction method, which uses the integration-by-parts method, in calculating s corrections to heavy-quarkonium amplitudes. We apply this method to leptonic decay of the spin-triplet S-wave heavy quarkonium as an illustrative example. All possible scalar integrals are reduced into a single master integral in the J=A ! `+`¡ decay at this order. One drawback of this method is that one cannot avoid a mixture of ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) poles during the reduction. We show a way to classify the origin of divergences in loop integrals in the scalar-integral reduction method. We expect this method to be useful in constructing a fast algebraic algorithm for QCD radiative corrections to quarkonium processes.
Lee, Yang-Seok,Jeong, Dong-Hoon,Lee, Dong-Yeon,Yi, Jakyung,Ryu, Choong-Hwan,Kim, Song L.,Jeong, Hee J.,Choi, Sang C.,Jin, Ping,Yang, Jungil,Cho, Lae-Hyeon,Choi, Heebak,An, Gynheung Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 The Plant journal Vol.63 No.1
<P>Summary</P><P>Plants recognize environmental factors to determine flowering time. <I>CONSTANS</I> (<I>CO</I>) plays a central role in the photoperiod flowering pathway of Arabidopsis, and CO protein stability is modulated by photoreceptors. In rice, <I>Hd1</I>, an ortholog of <I>CO</I>, acts as a flowering promoter, and phytochromes repress <I>Hd1</I> expression. Here, we investigated the functioning of <I>OsCOL4</I>, a member of the <I>CONSTANS-like</I> (<I>COL</I>) family in rice. <I>OsCOL4</I> null mutants flowered early under short or long days. In contrast, <I>OsCOL4</I> activation-tagging mutants (<I>OsCOL4-D</I>) flowered late in either environment. Transcripts of <I>Ehd1</I>, <I>Hd3a</I>, and <I>RFT1</I> were increased in the <I>oscol4</I> mutants, but reduced in the <I>OsCOL4-D</I> mutants. This finding indicates that <I>OsCOL4</I> is a constitutive repressor functioning upstream of <I>Ehd1.</I> By comparison, levels of <I>Hd1</I>, <I>OsID1</I>, <I>OsMADS50</I>, <I>OsMADS51</I>, and <I>OsMADS56</I> transcripts were not significantly changed in <I>oscol4</I> or <I>OsCOL4-D</I>, suggesting that <I>OsCOL4</I> functions independently from previously reported flowering pathways. In <I>osphyB</I> mutants, <I>OsCOL4</I> expression was decreased and <I>osphyB oscol4</I> double mutants flowered at the same time as the <I>osphyB</I> single mutants, indicating <I>OsCOL4</I> functions downstream of <I>OsphyB.</I> We also present evidence for two independent pathways through which OsPhyB controls flowering time. These pathways are: (i) night break-sensitive, which does not need <I>OsCOL4</I>; and (ii) night break-insensitive, in which <I>OsCOL4</I> functions between <I>OsphyB</I> and <I>Ehd1.</I></P>
이학래,손정일,김현중,이필우 한국목재공학회 2002 목재공학 Vol.30 No.2
韓紙製造工程 中에서 發生하는 백색 슬러지와 흑색 슬러지를 각각 일정비율(10, 20, 30, 40%)로 木材 파티클과 混合하고 PMDI, 요소 및 페놀수지를 이용하여 目標比重 0.60, 0.75, 0.90 별로 複合모드를 製造하여 機械的 性質을 측정한 결과 파티클보드에 韓紙 슬러지를 약 20%까지는 混合하여 複合材를 제조하여도 충분히 可能하리라 믿어진다. This research was carried out to develop the Hanji(Korean paper) sludge ·wood particle composite utilizing the waste sludges occurring from the making process of Hanji(Korean paper). At the research, four mixing ratios of white or black sludge to wood particle(10:90, 20:80, 30:70 and 40:60), three types of the resin adhesives(PMDI, urea and phenol resin) and three levels of the densities(0.60, 0.75 and 0.90) were designed to investigate the mechanical properties of Hanji(Korean paper) sludge ·wood particle composite. In the white and black sludge ·wood particle composites, bending properties(MOR, MOE) showed the decreasing tendency according to the increase of sludge additive, but it was clearly increased with the increase of specific gravity. Also tensile strength had the same tendency as in these bending properties. The internal bond strength of white sludge ·wood particle composite had no tendency, but that of black sludge ·wood particle composite was decreased as an increase of Hanji sludge additive.
One-Loop Master Integral for Order-v2n Relativistic Corrections Γ[J/ψ→e+e-]
Jungil Lee,Chaehyun Yu,Hyeon-Kyun Noh 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.2
We show that one-loop scalar integrals contributing to the order-$v^{2n}$ relativistic corrections to the QCD vertex corrections to the spin-triplet $S$-wave heavy-quark-antiquark pair annihilation into a virtual photon can be expressed in terms of a single master integral. With an algebraic reduction combined with the tensor-integral reduction method, we first simplify the scalar integrals as linear combinations of two-point functions. The two-point functions are reduced into a single master integral by using the recurrence relations derived from integration by parts. Order-$v^2$ formulas are explicitly derived, and a strategy to calculate the higher-order relativistic corrections at order $\alpha_s$ is also given. The result may be very useful in calculating the order-$v^{2n}$ relativistic corrections to the leptonic decay width of the spin-triplet $S$-wave heavy quarkonium at order $\alpha_s$.