오징어 내장을 쏘가리 사료로서 활용하기 위한 기초연구 1. 오징어 내장의 주요 성분 특성

전중균,주동식,조순영,김양배 강릉대학교동해안지역연구소 1998 東海岸硏究 Vol.8 No.2

To obtain high quality fish oil and feedstuff from by-product of squid processing, especially squid viscera, the raw materials should be freshed and have low lipid oxidation. In addition, the lipid content in stickwater produced from raw squid viscera by centrifuging should be low level. We investigated on processing acceptability for viscera in domestic and exotic squids to prepare a feed for mandarin fish. Lipid oxidation in domestic squid viscera occured less than that in exotic squid one. It assumed that exotic squid was stored at higher temperature condition and for longer time, compared to domestic squid. The free amino acids content in domestic squid viscera was higher than that in exotic squid one. The domestic squid viscera was more acceptable as feed material for mandarin fish than exotic squid one.

멸치젓의 呈味成分

李應昊,金世權,錢重均,金洙賢,金程均 釜山水産大學校 1982 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.1

멸치젓의 呈味成分에 관한 기초자료를 얻고자 생멸치와 이를 原料로 하여 제조된 멸치젓 중의 核酸關聯物質, 유리아미노산, betaine, TMAO, TMA 및 總creatinine을 分析하였다. 核酸關聯物質 중 생멸치에서는 IMP가 乾物量基準으로 2.8 μmole/g로 가장 많았으나 멸치젓에서는 hypoxanthine이 4.2 μmole/g으로 가장 많았고 , ATP는 흔적량에 불과 하였다. 멸치젓 중의 유리아미노산 중 함량이 많은 것은 leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, tyrosine, alanine, histidine, valine, methionine의 順이었고 glycine, proline, glutamic acid, arginine, threonine, serine 등은 함량이 적었다. 그리고 全유리아미노산은 젓갈 숙성중생원료에 비하여 약 2배로 增加 하였다. Betaine 은 생멸치 및 멸치젓 중에 各各 10.2㎎/100g, 30.0㎎/100/g였으며 이들이 엑스分室素에 대한 比率은 各各 0.6% 및 1.2%였다. TMAO 含量은 생멸치가 13.9㎎/100g, 멸치젓이 9.0㎎/100g였으며 TMA 含量은 各各 22.7㎎/100g 및 30.9㎎/100g였다. 總 creatinine 含量은 생멸치 및 멸치젓에서 各各 433.1㎎/100g, 575.8㎎/100g로서 엑스分室素에 대해 27.2% 및 22.8%였다. Omission test 結果 멸치젓의 呈味成分으로서는 유리아미노산 및 核酸關聯物質이 중요한 구실을 한다는 것을 알았다. This study was conducted to evaluate the taste compounds of fermented anchovy. The contents of such compounds as nucleotides and their related compounds, free amino acids, betaine, TMAO and total creatinine raw and fermented anchovy were analysed. The contents of IMP in raw anchovy appeared higher than other nucleotides and tended to decrease rapidly during fermentation. Therefore, in the case of fermented anchovy, hypoxanthine was abundant and IMP was very low in content. In the free amino acid composition of fresh samples abundant amino acids were leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, tyrosine, alanine, histidine, valine, methionine in order. Such amino acids as glycine, proline, glutamic acid, arginine, threonine and serine were poor in content. The contents of total free amino acids reached approximately about two times as compared with that of raw sample. The amount of betaine and TMA increased, while TMAO decreased during fermentation. The content of total creatinine in raw and fermented anchovy was occupied 22.8% and 27.2% of total of extractive nitrogen, respectively. As the results of omission test, the taste-active compounds of fermented anchovy are assumed to be free amino acids and nucleotides.

일본 수산식품제조업의 원료조달과 수산물시장의 변모

조순영,주동식,전중균 강릉대학교동해안지역연구소 1998 東海岸硏究 Vol.8 No.2

There are many problems for development of fisheries and its processing in our country, and one of them is the marketing of fisheries. Bring to a settlement of this problem, it requires searching of fisheries market and supplying of raw materials for seafood processing in Japan, developed-country in this fields. At first, we research the characteristics of seafood processing and raw material supplying, and demand changing of seafoods and locality of seafood processing in Japan. This researching will provide the direction of development and the method of effective marketing of fisheries and seafood processing in our country.

까치복의 呈味成分

李應昊,鄭秀烈,趙舜榮,錢重均,車庸準 釜山水産大學校 1983 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.23 No.1

까치복의 呈味成分에 관한 資料를 얻고자 核酸關聯物質, 유리아미노산, TMAO, TMA, betaine 및 총 creatinine을 分析하였다. 核酸關聯物質 중 IMP가 1.9μmole/g으로서 가장 많았고, 全核酸關聯物質에 대해 39.6%를 차지하였다. 유리아미노산 중 함량이 많은 것은 taurine, lysine, alanine 및 glycine 이고, 이들 네 가지 아미노산이 전유리아미노산의 68.2%를 차지하였다. 총 creatinine�량은 194.5mg/100g으로서 엑스分窒素에 대해 63.4%를 차지하였으며, TMAO 및 betaine 함량은 微量이었다. Omission test 結果 까치복의 呈味成分은 5'-mononucleotides 및 유리아미노산이 주된 구실을 한다는 것을 알았다. Yellowfin puffer, Fugu xanthopterus(Temminck et Schlegel), is one of the most palatable fishes in Korea. However, relatively little is known about the characteristics of its taste. In this study, the taste compounds including nucleotides and their related compounds, free amino acids, trimethylamine oxide, trimethylamine, betaine and total creatinine were analyzed, and their roles in tasting activity were investigated. The amounts of IMP was 1.9 μmole/g, and the ratio of IMP to the total nucleotides and their related compounds was 39.6%. The great portion of free amino acids in the extractives of yellowfin puffer muscle was occupied by taurine, lysine, alanine and glycine in order, and their content was 79.1% of the total free amino acids. Among the organic bases, total creatinine was abundant, and its nitrogen content was 63.4% of total extractive nitrogen. According to the results of the omission test, the main constituents of the characteristic taste of yellowfin puffer could be assumed as free amino acids and 5'-mononucleotides.

한국산 복어의 독성: 2. 국매리복의 독성

전중균 ( Joong Kyun Jeon ),유재명 ( Jae Myoung Yoo ) 한국수산학회 1995 한국수산과학회지 Vol.28 No.2

국매리복의 독성을 조사하기 위하여 1992년과 1993년 봄과 가을에 인천과 안산에서 31개체를 구입하여 조직별 독성을 조사하였다. 조직의 최고 독성으로 보아 생식선(♂, 4,920MU/g; ♀, 2,500MU/g) 간장(1,680MU/g)과 근육(1,600MU/g)은 맹독이었으며, 내장(950MU/g)과 껍질(550MU/g)은 강독이었다. 이들의 평균 독성은 모두 강독으로 나타났다. 한편 간장, 내장의 독성은 가을철보다 봄철에 더욱 강하여서 계절 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 국매리복이 맹독성의 복어임을 입증하는 것이므로, 따라서 이들의 섭식으로 인한 중독 예방을 위한 조치가 필요하겠다. The pufferfish Takifugu vermicularis radiatus (Gukmeri-bog) was examined for toxicity. Thirty-one specimens, which had obtained from creeks of Inchon and Ansan in Spring and Autumn of 1992 and 1993, Korea, were assayed for anatomical distribution of toxicity by mouse bioassay method. Ovary, testis, liver and muscle showed very strong toxicity, and intestine and skin did moderate toxicity. Their average toxicities were moderately toxic in all. Moreover, the toxicities of liver and intestine were stronger in Spring than Autumn. Judging from the results, T. vermicularis radiatus is considered to be very harmful fish. Consequently, it is necessary to take a proper preventive step against food poisoning by pufferfish ingestion.

주요 양식 어류의 혈액 성분에 관한 연구

전중균 ( Joong Kyun Jeon ),김병기 ( Pyong Kih Kim ),박용주 ( Yong Joo Park ),허형택 ( Hyung Tack Huh ) 한국수산학회 1995 한국수산과학회지 Vol.28 No.2

우리 나라에서 많이 양식하고 있는 주요 어종의 혈액 성분에 관한 기초 자료를 얻기 위하여, 저수온기 (수온 12.7℃)에 월동중인 조피볼락(Sebastes schlegeli), 농어(Lateolarax japonicus), 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus) , 돌돔(Oplegnathus fasciatus)과 함께 냉수성 어종인 은연어(Oncorhynchus kisutch)를 각 5~6마리씩 마취시키지 않은 상태로 꼬리 동맥에서 채혈하여 혈청 중의 총단백질(TP), 알부민(ALB), 중성 지방(TG), 콜레스테롤(CHOL), 포도당(GLC), 리파제(LIPA), 나트륨(Na), 칼륨(K), 염소(Cl), 인(P), 아미노산전이효소(ALT, AST) 등을 혈액분석기로 분석하였다. TP 농도는 2.9~5.1g/dl의 수준이었으며, ALB 농도는 1.2~1.9g/dl의 수준이었다. A/G 비는 은연어가 1.1 정도로 가장 높았고 나머지는 0.5~0.6 정도로 비슷하였다. 지질 성분인 TG와 CHOL 농도도 어종에 따라 달라, 넙치는 TG 농도가 큰 대신에 CHOL 농도가 낮았으며, 농어는 반대로 TG 농도가 낮은 대신에 CHOL 농도가 높았다. 두 지질 성분의 합은 넙치가 가장 많아 600㎎/dl나 되었고, 농어나 조피볼락(약 400㎎/dl), 돌돔이나 은연어(약 300㎎/dl)의 순이었다. 혈당(GLC) 농도는 냉수성 어종인 은연어가 넙치에 비해 약 4배 가량 많아 61~76㎎/dl이나 되었다. 한편 리파제(LIPA) 활성은 TG 농도와 정반대의 경향을 보여 은연어에서 가장 높았고, 넙치에서는 거의 확인되지 않았다. 무기질 중에서 Na, Cl과 K 농도는 160~204 mmol/l, 137~183mmol/l과 0.5~3.1mmol/l로 유사한 수준이었으나, P 농도는 은연어나 조피볼락처럼 비교적 활동성이 강한 어종일수록 많았다. ALT 활성은 넙치가 가장 높았고, AST 활성은 은연어가 높았으며, AST 활성은 모든 어종에서 ALT 활성보다 높았다. This study was performed to obtain the basic data on the serum components of several marine fish species commonly cultured in Korea. Blood samples taken from five species of fish were analyzed for various components of serum, total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), glucose (GLC), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (CI), phosphorus (P), lipase (LIPA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The fish used were coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), rock fish (Sebastes schlegeli), sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus), olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and parrot fish (Oplegnathus fasciatus) reared at the Chungmu Experimental Fish Culture Satation of KORDI. TP concentration of warm-water species (2.9~5.1g/dl) was higher than that of cold-water species, and ALB concentration was ranged at the level of 1.2~1.9g/dl. Coho salmon showed the highest ration of A/G(1.1), and the other species were about 0.5~0.6. The concentrations of TG and CHOL, components of lipids, varied with the different species. The concentration of TG was high, but CHOL concentration was low in olive flounder, while the reversed results were shown by sea bass. The sum of these two components was the highest with 600㎎/dl in olive flounder, and about 400㎎/dl for sea bass and rock fish, and 300㎎/dl for parrot fish and coho salmon. Concentration of GLC in coho salmon and rock fish ranged from 61 to 76㎎/dl which were about four times higher than that of flounder. The highest lipase activity was observed in coho salmon, while it was nearly nil in flounder. The reversed tendency was found for TG concentration. Mineral concentrations of Na, Cl and K were 160~204 mmol/1, 137~183mmol/1 and 0.5-3.1mmol/1, respectively, but no significant difference between the species was observed. However, the concentrations of P were high in relatively active species such as coho salmon and rockfish. AST activity in all species examined was higher than that of ALT with being highest in coho salmon. The highest ALT activity was found in olive flounder.

유기주석화합물에 단기간 노출시킨 넙치 간장 약물대사효소의 in vivo 및 in vitro 반응

전중균 ( Joong Kyun Jeon ),이지선 ( Ji Seon Lee ),전미정 ( Mi Jeong Jeon ),심원준 ( Won Joon Shim ),임한규 ( Han Kyu Lim ) 한국환경생물학회 2004 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.22 No.1

유기주석화합물인 tributyltin chloride (TBTC)와 tributyltin chloride (TPTC)를 넙치 간장으로 만든 미크로좀에 in vitro적으로 노출시켜서 이들 화합물의 대사에 관여하는 mixed function oxidase (MFO) 중 cytochrome P450 (CYP) 농도와 7-etho-xyresorufin deethylase (EROD) 활성의 변화를 조사하였으며, 또한 in vitro 실험에서는 TPTC를 넙치에게 복강주사(7.5 mg kg^(-1) BW)하여 간장의 MFO (CYP농도, NADPH cytochrome c 환원효소 활성, NADH cytochrome b5 환원 효소 활성, EROD 활성) 반응을 경시적으로 조사하였다. 그 결과, in vitro에서는 TBTC, TBTO및 TPTC가 모두 CYP 농도와 EROD 활성을 저해하였으며, 저해력은 TPTC가 가장 컸고 이어서 TBTO, TBTC의 순이었다. 유기주석화합물의 노출농도와 노출시간과 비례하면서 저해 정도가 커졌으며, 특히 EROD활성의 저해는 노출농도에 크게 의존적이었다. 그리고 in vivo 실험에서도 유기주석화합물은 CYP농도, NADPH cytochrome c환원효소 활성, NADH cytochrome b5 환원효소 활성, EROD 활성을 억제하였다. EROD활성은 오염물질에 의한 반응이 민감하고 재현성도 있어 바람직한 측정지표로 이용될 수가 있을 것이다. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) contents and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity were determined in hepatic microsome of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) exposed to tributyltin chloride (TBTC), tributyltin oxide (TBTO), and triphenyltin chloride (TPTC). In addition, effects of in vivo (intraperitoneal injection of 7.5 mg kg^(-1) BW) exposure of flounder to TPTC on CYP, NADPH cytochrome c reductase, NADH cytochrome b5 reductase and EROD levels were measured. In in vitro exposure of hepatic microsome to organotins, TBTC, TBTO and TPTC reduced CYP contents and inhibited EROD activity. The TPTC was the strongest inhibitor, which is followed by TBTO and TBTC. The degree of inhibition, especially EROD acitivity, depended on the exposure duration. In addition, all the target enzymes in flounder were inhibited by TPTC with the in vivo exposure to TPTC. As EROD activity was the most sensitive to the inhibitions and demonstrated good reproducibility of the results, it could be used as a helpful tool for monitor effects of organotin compounds on mixed funciton oxygenase system in marine fish.

Cytochrome P450 유도제에 노출시킨 명주조개 ( Coelomactra antiquata ) 약물대사효소계의 in vitro 반응

전중균(Joong Kyun Jeon),이미희(Mee Hee Lee),심원준(Won Joon Shim),이수형(Soo Hyung Lee) 한국수산과학회 2002 한국수산과학회지 Vol.35 No.2

강원 북부 연안에 많은 명주조개 (Coelomactra antiquata)의 중장선으로 미크로좀을 만들고, cytochrome P450 (CYP)의 유도제로 알려진 phenobarbital (PB), 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) 및 β-naphthoflavone (BNF)을 DMSO에 녹여 함께 30℃의 수조 상에서 in vitro로 배양하면서 약물대사효소계의 CYP 함량과 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) 활성의 변화를 경시적으로 조사하였다. 그리고 비교를 위한 sham구는 미크로좀에 DMSO만을 첨가하여 같은 조건으로 배양하였다. 그 결과, sham구의 CYP 함량은 배양 6시간이 지나서는 처음 수준의 91%로 줄었으며, 0.1 mM과 0.2mM, 0.4mM 및 1.0mM BNF 배양구는 배양 4∼6시간 후에 최대값이 되었는데 각각 처음보다 116%, 114%, 126% 및 132%로 되었다. PB와의 배양에서는 0.1 mM과 0.4mM 및 1.0nIM 배양구는 배양 4∼6시간 후에 최대값이 되었고 각각 처음의 112%, 114% 및 114%로 되었으며, MC와의 배양에서도 0.1 mM과 0.4mM 및 1.0mM 배양구는 배양 4시간 후에 최대값이 되어 각각 116%, 130% 및 132%로 증가하였다. 그리고 EROD 활성의 변화도 sham구는 배양 7시간 후에도 변화가 거의 없었으나, BNF의 0.1 mM과 0.4mM 및 0.8mM 배양구는 배양 7시간 후에 각각 처옴의 120%, 123% 및 115%로 되었고, PB의 0.1mM과 1.0mM 배양구는 배양 3시간 후에 최대로 되어 각각 121% 및 136%로 증가하였으며, MC와의 배양에서는 0.1mM과 0.4mM 및 0.8mM 배양구는 배양 5시간 후에 최대값이 되어 각각 204%, 198% 및 191%로 증가하였다. 이처럼 BNF나 PB, MC는 명주조개에서도 미크로좀의 CYP 함량과 EROD 활성을 증가시키는 유도효과를 나타내었으며, 특히 MC에 의한 유도효과가 가장 강했고 BNF, PB의 순이었고, 대체로 약물의 농도가 높을수록 유도 효과도 큰 경향을 보였다. Induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP) and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in the microsome exposed to 3-methylcholan-threne (MC), β-naphthoflavone (BNF) and phenobarbital-Na (PB) was investigated. Microsome was isolated from digestive gland of clam (Coelomactra antiquata) and then exposed to each chemical in concentration range of 0.1 to 1.0 mM for 7 hours. The CYP content and EROD activity in the microsome exposed to each chemical significantly increased compared to the control group. The overall CYP and EROD induction potency was in order of MC>BNF>PB. The induction response of EROD was two times higher than that of CYP level in the microsome exposed to MC, but the induction response of EROD was slightly higher than that of CYP level in BNF and PB exposure groups.

말쥐치 스테이크加工條件 및 凍結貯藏中의 品質安定性

錢重均(Joong-Kyun Jeon),鄭秀烈(Soo-Yeol Jung),河在浩(Jae-Ho Ha),朴香淑(Hyang-Suk Park),李應昊(Eung-Ho Lee) 한국식품과학회 1984 한국식품과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

강릉 연안산 참가리비의 PSP 독화 및 독조성

전중균(Joong Kyun Jeon),한명수(Myung Soo Han),박영제(Young Je Park),윤문영(Moon Young Yoon) 한국수산과학회 1998 한국수산과학회지 Vol.31 No.6

Toxicity and toxin compositions of wild and cultured scallops (Patinopecten yessoensis), collected from coastal waters near Kangnung of East Sea, were examined from January to June, 1997. By mouse bioassay methods, the toxicity was detected with low toxicity of 2 MU g^(-1), and paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxin was detected in the specimens from 30 April to 15 May by HPLC. GTXs and PXs were identified as the major toxin components.