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Interplay Between Optical Bianisotropy and Magnetism in Plasmonic Metamolecules
Sun, Liuyang,Ma, Tzuhsuan,Yang, Seung-Cheol,Kim, Dong-Kwan,Lee, Gaehang,Shi, Jinwei,Martinez, Irving,Yi, Gi-Ra,Shvets, Gennady,Li, Xiaoqin American Chemical Society 2016 Nano letters Vol.16 No.7
<P>The smallness of natural molecules and atoms with respect to the wavelength of light imposes severe limits on the nature of their optical response. For example, the well-known argument of Landau and Lifshitz and its recent extensions that include chiral molecules show that the electric dipole response dominates over the magneto-electric (bianisotropic) and an even smaller magnetic dipole optical response for all natural materials. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that both these responses can be greatly enhanced in plasmonic nanoclusters. Using atomic force microscopy nanomanipulation technique, we assemble a plasmonic metamolecule that is designed for strong and simultaneous optical magnetic and magneto-electric excitation. Angle-dependent scattering spectroscopy is used to disentangle the two responses and to demonstrate that their constructive/destructive interplay causes strong directional scattering asymmetry. This asymmetry is used to extract both magneto-electric and magnetic dipole responses and to demonstrate their enhancement in comparison to ordinary atomistic materials.</P>
Numerical investigation of effects of rotating downdraft on tornado-like-vortex characteristics
Shuyang Cao,Mengen Wang,Jinwei Zhu,Jinxin Cao,Tetsuro Tamura,Qingshan Yang 한국풍공학회 2018 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.26 No.3
Appropriate modeling of a tornado-like vortex is a prerequisite when studying the near-ground wind characteristics of a tornado and tornado-induced wind loads on structures. Both Ward- and ISU-type tornado simulators employ guide vanes to induce angular momentum to converge flow in order to generate tornado-like vortices. But in the Ward-type simulator, the guide vanes are mounted near the ground while in the ISU-type they are located at a high position to allow vertical circulation of flow that creates a rotating downdraft to generate a tornado-like vortex. In this study, numerical simulations were performed to reproduce tornado-like vortices using both Ward-type and ISU-type tornado simulators, from which the effects of rotating downdraft on the vortex characteristics were clarified. Particular attention was devoted to the wander of tornado-like vortices, and their dependences on swirl ratio and fetch length were investigated. The present study showed that the dynamic vortex structure depends significantly on the vortex-generating mechanism, although the time- averaged structure remains similar. This feature should be taken into consideration when tornado-like-vortex simulators are utilized to investigate tornado-induced wind forces on structures.
Numerical investigation of effects of rotating downdraft on tornado-like-vortex characteristics
Cao, Shuyang,Wang, Mengen,Zhu, Jinwei,Cao, Jinxin,Tamura, Tetsuro,Yang, Qingshan Techno-Press 2018 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.26 No.3
Appropriate modeling of a tornado-like vortex is a prerequisite when studying the near-ground wind characteristics of a tornado and tornado-induced wind loads on structures. Both Ward- and ISU-type tornado simulators employ guide vanes to induce angular momentum to converge flow in order to generate tornado-like vortices. But in the Ward-type simulator, the guide vanes are mounted near the ground while in the ISU-type they are located at a high position to allow vertical circulation of flow that creates a rotating downdraft to generate a tornado-like vortex. In this study, numerical simulations were performed to reproduce tornado-like vortices using both Ward-type and ISU-type tornado simulators, from which the effects of rotating downdraft on the vortex characteristics were clarified. Particular attention was devoted to the wander of tornado-like vortices, and their dependences on swirl ratio and fetch length were investigated. The present study showed that the dynamic vortex structure depends significantly on the vortex-generating mechanism, although the time-averaged structure remains similar. This feature should be taken into consideration when tornado-like-vortex simulators are utilized to investigate tornado-induced wind forces on structures.
Yunfei Dai,Wei Ma,Tong Zhang,Jinwei Yang,Chenghao Zang,Kuangpin Liu,Xianbin Wang,Jiawei Wang,Zhen Wu,Xingkui Zhang,Chunyan Li,Junjun Li,Xiangpeng Wang,Jianhui Guo,Liyan Li 한국생물공학회 2020 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.25 No.3
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the process of cell fate determination. However, their function and expression profiles have not yet been systematically investigated during the transdifferentiation of glial precursor cells derived from dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in the peripheral nervous system. Our results demonstrated significant differences in gene architecture and expression among the three transcript types (lncRNA, mRNA, and TUCP). Distinct differences in transcript length, exon number, and ORF length were identified between lncRNAs and mRNAs after comparative analysis of their structure and sequence conservation. We found that the upregulated lncRNAs outnumbered the downregulated lncRNAs in glial precursor cells cultured with proBDNF antiserum compared with the levels in glial precursor cells cultured without proBDNF antiserum. By a series of GO and KEGG analyses, we found that the effects of some lncRNAs on their target genes in cis were related to nerve growth factor-induced cell cycle, cell phenotype change, and neuronal differentiation. The qRT-PCR verification results of lncRNAs ENSRNOT00000091991, ENSRNOT00000087717, and LNC_000429 were mostly consistent with the sequencing results. The candidate lncRNAs may be associated with the neuronal transdifferentiation of glial precursor cells. Our study provides the first evidence for a remarkably diverse pattern of lncRNA expression during neuronal differentiation of glial precursor cells from rat DRG, and also provides a resource for lncRNA studies in the field of cell differentiation.
Photomodification of carrier lifetime and diffusivity in AlGaN epitaxial layers
Zydr unas Podlipskas,Ram unas Aleksiej unas,Saulius Nargelas,Ye Seul Yun,J uras Mickevi cius,Ar unas Kadys,Chong Yun Kang,Michael S. Shur,Max Shatalov,Jinwei Yang,Remis Gaska 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.6
Nonradiative recombination rate and diffusivity of nonequilibrium carriers were modified by intense laser pulses in AlGaN epilayers with Al content ranging from 16 to 71%. The epilayers were examined before and after the photomodification using light-induced transient grating and photoluminescence spectroscopy techniques. The photomodification resulted in (i) enhancement of the nonradiative recombination rate and (ii) large changes of the diffusion coefficient of the nonequilibrium carriers, without imposing any macroscopic structural damage to the epilayers. The photomodification effect on the recombination rate was stronger in the layers with higher Al content indicating the involvement of the Al atoms in this process. The carrier diffusivity exhibited a rapid initial increase as a consequence of the photomodification followed by a slow decline, as the photomodification duration was increased. The enhancement of the diffusion coefficient of up to 2.4 times was accompanied by 13% decrease in the carrier lifetime.