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White, G. R.,Ainsworth, R.,Akagi, T.,Alabau-Gonzalvo, J.,Angal-Kalinin, D.,Araki, S.,Aryshev, A.,Bai, S.,Bambade, P.,Bett, D. R.,Blair, G.,Blanch, C.,Blanco, O.,Blaskovic-Kraljevic, N.,Bolzon, B.,Boog American Physical Society 2014 Physical Review Letters Vol.112 No.3
<P>A novel scheme for the focusing of high-energy leptons in future linear colliders was proposed in 2001 [P. Raimondi and A. Seryi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3779 (2001)]. This scheme has many advantageous properties over previously studied focusing schemes, including being significantly shorter for a given energy and having a significantly better energy bandwidth. Experimental results from the ATF2 accelerator at KEK are presented that validate the operating principle of such a scheme by demonstrating the demagnification of a 1.3 GeV electron beam down to below 65 nm in height using an energy-scaled version of the compact focusing optics designed for the ILC collider.</P>
A New MHD-assisted Stokes Inversion Technique
Riethmü,ller, T. L.,Solanki, S. K.,Barthol, P.,Gandorfer, A.,Gizon, L.,Hirzberger, J.,Noort, M. van,Rodrí,guez, J. Blanco,Iniesta, J. C. Del Toro,Suá,rez, D. Orozco,Schmidt, W.,Pillet, American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.229 No.1
<P>We present a new method of Stokes inversion of spectropolarimetric data and evaluate it by taking the example of a SUNRISE/IMaX observation. An archive of synthetic Stokes profiles is obtained by the spectral synthesis of stateof- the-art magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations and a realistic degradation to the level of the observed data. The definition of a merit function allows the archive to be searched for the synthetic Stokes profiles that best match the observed profiles. In contrast to traditional Stokes inversion codes, which solve the Unno-Rachkovsky equations for the polarized radiative transfer numerically and fit the Stokes profiles iteratively, the new technique provides the full set of atmospheric parameters. This gives us the ability to start an MHD simulation that takes the inversion result as an initial condition. After a relaxation process of half an hour solar time we obtain physically consistent MHD data sets with a target similar to the observation. The new MHD simulation is used to repeat the method in a second iteration, which further improves the match between observation and simulation, resulting in a factor of 2.2 lower mean chi(2) value. One advantage of the new technique is that it provides the physical parameters on a geometrical height scale. It constitutes a first step toward inversions that give results consistent with the MHD equations.</P>
Moving Magnetic Features Around a Pore
Kaithakkal, A. J.,Riethmü,ller, T. L.,Solanki, S. K.,Lagg, A.,Barthol, P.,Gandorfer, A.,Gizon, L.,Hirzberger, J.,vanNoort, M.,Rodrí,guez, J. Blanco,Iniesta, J. C. Del Toro,Suá,rez, D. American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal, Supplement series Vol.229 No.1
<P>Spectropolarimetric observations from SUNRISE/IMaX, obtained in 2013 June, are used for a statistical analysis to determine the physical properties of moving magnetic features (MMFs) observed near a pore. MMFs of the same and opposite polarity, with respect to the pore, are found to stream from its border at an average speed of 1.3 km s(-1) and 1.2 km s(-1), respectively, with mainly same-polarity MMFs found further away from the pore. MMFs of both polarities are found to harbor rather weak, inclined magnetic fields. Opposite-polarity MMFs are blueshifted, whereas same-polarity MMFs do not show any preference for up-or downflows. Most of the MMFs are found to be of sub-arcsecond size and carry a mean flux of similar to 1.2 x 10(17) Mx.</P>
Magnetic field emergence in mesogranular-sized exploding granules observed with sunrise/IMaX data
Palacios, J.,Blanco Rodrí,guez, J.,Vargas Domí,nguez, S.,Domingo, V.,Martí,nez Pillet, V.,Bonet, J. A.,Bellot Rubio, L. R.,Iniesta, J. C. del Toro,Solanki, S. K.,Barthol, P.,Gandorfe EDP Sciences 2012 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.537 No.-
<P>We report on magnetic field emergences covering significant areas of exploding granules. The balloon-borne mission SUNRISE provided high spatial and temporal resolution images of the solar photosphere. Continuum images, longitudinal and transverse magnetic field maps and Dopplergrams obtained by IMaX onboard SUNRISE are analyzed by local correlation traking (LCT), divergence calculation and time slices, Stokes inversions and numerical simulations are also employed. We characterize two mesogranular-scale exploding granules where~10<SUP>18</SUP> Mx of magnetic flux emerges. The emergence of weak unipolar longitudinal fields (~100 G) start with a single visible magnetic polarity, occupying their respective granules’ top and following the granular splitting. After a while, mixed polarities start appearing, concentrated in downflow lanes. The events last around 20 min. LCT analyses confirm mesogranular scale expansion, displaying a similar pattern for all the physical properties, and divergence centers match between all of them. We found a similar behaviour with the emergence events in a numerical MHD simulation. Granule expansion velocities are around 1 kms<SUP>−1</SUP> while magnetic patches expand at 0.65 kms<SUP>−1</SUP>. One of the analyzed events evidences the emergence of a loop-like structure. Advection of the emerging magnetic flux features is dominated by convective motion resulting from the exploding granule due to the magnetic field frozen in the granular plasma. Intensification of the magnetic field occurs in the intergranular lanes, probably because of being directed by the downflowing plasma.</P>
Manipulation of Domain Wall Dynamics in Microwires by Transverse Magnetic Field
J. M. Blanco,A. Chizhik,V. Zhukova,J. Gonzalez,A. Talaat,V. Rodionova,A. Zhukov 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.10
In this paper we studied effect of transversal magnetic field, magnetoelastic anisotropy and defects on DW dynamics of amorphous microwires. We observed that the viscous single DW region is limited by the samples defects, which determine the threshold between single and multiple domain wall propagation regimes. Manipulating the magnetoelastic energy through application of tensile stress of studied microwires we significantly affect the DW dynamics in magnetically bistable microwires. Under effect of transversal magnetic field, Hb, we observed change of DW dynamics and we were able to create additional DW on the opposite wire end. Changing the Hb we were able to tailor propagation field of this additional DW and observe DW collision in different parts of microwire.
Slender Ca ii H Fibrils Mapping Magnetic Fields in the Low Solar Chromosphere
Jafarzadeh, S.,Rutten, R. J.,Solanki, S. K.,Wiegelmann, T.,Riethmü,ller, T. L.,Noort, M. van,Szydlarski, M.,Rodrí,guez, J. Blanco,Barthol, P.,Iniesta, J. C. del Toro,Gandorfer, A.,Gizon, L. American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal, Supplement series Vol.229 No.1
<P>A dense forest of slender bright fibrils near a small solar active region is seen in high-quality narrowband Ca II H images from the SuFI instrument onboard the SUNRISE balloon-borne solar observatory. The orientation of these slender Ca II H fibrils (SCF) overlaps with the magnetic field configuration in the low solar chromosphere derived by magnetostatic extrapolation of the photospheric field observed with SUNRISE/IMaX and SDO/HMI. In addition, many observed SCFs are qualitatively aligned with small-scale loops computed from a novel inversion approach based on best-fit numerical MHD simulation. Such loops are organized in canopy-like arches over quiet areas that differ in height depending on the field strength near their roots.</P>
A Tale of Two Emergences: Sunrise II Observations of Emergence Sites in a Solar Active Region
Centeno, R.,Rodrí,guez, J. Blanco,Del Toro Iniesta, J. C.,Solanki, S. K.,Barthol, P.,Gandorfer, A.,Gizon, L.,Hirzberger, J.,Riethmü,ller, T. L.,Noort, M. van,Suá,rez, D. Orozco,Berkefe American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.229 No.1
<P>In 2013 June, the two scientific instruments on. board the second SUNRISE mission witnessed, in detail, a small-scale magnetic flux emergence event as part of the birth of an active region. The Imaging Magnetograph Experiment (IMaX) recorded two small (similar to 5 '') emerging flux patches in the polarized filtergrams of a photospheric Fe I spectral line. Meanwhile, the SUNRISE Filter Imager (SuFI) captured the highly dynamic chromospheric response to the magnetic fields pushing their way through the lower solar atmosphere. The serendipitous capture of this event offers a closer look at the inner workings of active region emergence sites. In particular, it reveals in meticulous detail how the rising magnetic fields interact with the granulation as they push through the Sun's surface, dragging photospheric plasma in their upward travel. The plasma that is burdening the rising field slides along the field lines, creating fast downflowing channels at the footpoints. The weight of this material anchors this field to the surface at semi-regular spatial intervals, shaping it in an undulatory fashion. Finally, magnetic reconnection enables the field to release itself from its photospheric anchors, allowing it to continue its voyage up to higher layers. This process releases energy that lights up the arch-filament systems and heats the surrounding chromosphere.</P>
Investigating the magnetic entropy change in single-phase Y2Fe17 melt-spun ribbons
J.L. S anchez Llamazares,Pablo Alvarez-Alonso,C.F. S anchez-Vald es,P.J. Ibarra-Gayt an,J.A. Blanco,Pedro Gorria 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.9
The inspection of simplified fabrication and/or processing routes in order to produce materials with attractive magnetocaloric properties is of paramount importance for the development of environmentally friendly magnetic cooling technology. In this work, we have made use of the melt-spinning technique to obtain directly single-phase Y2Fe17 polycrystalline ribbons avoiding any high-temperature annealing for phase consolidation and homogenization. The melt-spun ribbons, with hexagonal Th2Ni17-type crystal structure, exhibit a moderate maximum value of the magnetic entropy change, | DSM peak| ¼ 2.4(4.4) J kg1 K1 under an applied magnetic field change of 2(5) T. Although these values are similar to those for the bulk alloy, the DSM(T) curves are manifestly broader, thus giving rise to an expansion of the working temperature range and the enhancement of about 15% in the refrigerant capacity. We also show that the magnetic field dependence of |DSM peak| at T ¼ TC follows a H2/3 power-law.
The Maximum Entropy Limit of Small-scale Magnetic Field Fluctuations in the Quiet Sun
Gorobets, A. Y.,Berdyugina, S. V.,Riethmü,ller, T. L.,Rodrí,guez, J. Blanco,Solanki, S. K.,Barthol, P.,Gandorfer, A.,Gizon, L.,Hirzberger, J.,Noort, M. van,Del Toro Iniesta, J. C.,Suá American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.233 No.1
<P>The observed magnetic field on the solar surface is characterized by a very complex spatial and temporal behavior. Although feature-tracking algorithms have allowed us to deepen our understanding of this behavior, subjectivity plays an important role in the identification and tracking of such features. In this paper, we continue studies of the temporal stochasticity of the magnetic field on the solar surface without relying either on the concept of magnetic features or on subjective assumptions about their identification and interaction. We propose a data analysis method to quantify fluctuations of the line-of-sight magnetic field by means of reducing the temporal field's evolution to the regular Markov process. We build a representative model of fluctuations converging to the unique stationary (equilibrium) distribution in the long time limit with maximum entropy. We obtained different rates of convergence to the equilibrium at fixed noise cutoff for two sets of data. This indicates a strong influence of the data spatial resolution and mixing-polarity fluctuations on the relaxation process. The analysis is applied to observations of magnetic fields of the relatively quiet areas around an active region carried out during the second flight of the SUNRISE/IMAX and quiet Sun areas at the disk center from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory satellite.</P>
Franklin J. Méndez,Roylena Vargas,Joel Blanco,Yahsé Rojas-Challa,Ernesto Bastardo-González,Jorge A. García-Macedo,Esneyder Puello-Polo,Joaquín L. Brito 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.95 No.-
Ti modified MCM-41-supported NiMo and CoMo catalysts and their respective Ti free reference catalystswere prepared, characterized, and tested for the hydrodesulfurization reactions. The samples weresynthesized by well-known procedures, such as liquid crystal templating and successive impregnationmethod for the supports and catalysts, respectively. Ti precursor was directly incorporated into themicellar solution before adding the silica precursor at different molar Si/Ti ratios (x = 75 and 50). Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy, solid-state 29Si-nuclear magnetic resonance, small- and wide-angle Xraydiffraction, and nitrogen physisorption were used as characterization techniques. Four sulfidedcatalysts were also characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The catalystsshowed important increases in the reaction rates during both thiophene and dibenzothiophenehydrodesulfurization when the support was structurally modified with Ti-atoms. The samples supportedon Ti-MCM-41(75) presented a higher activity than those supported on Ti-MCM-41(50), and they weresuperior to their respective Si-MCM-41-supported NiMoS and CoMoS catalysts, even NiMoTiM75 andCoMoTiM75 catalysts presented better performance compared to the conventional NiMo/Al2O3 andCoMo/Al2O3 catalysts in the DBT hydrodesulfurization. Ti incorporation also enhanced the selectivities tothe hydrogenated products, which could be beneficial to destabilize refractory S-containing molecules.