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Shin, Jieun,Kim, Jong-Eun,Pak, Kum-Ju,Kang, Jung Il,Kim, Tae-Seok,Lee, Sang-Yoon,Yeo, Ik-Hyun,Park, Jung Han Yoon,Kim, Jong Hun,Kang, Nam Joo,Lee, Ki Won,Cifuentes, Alejandro MDPI 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.3
<P>Soybean-derived isoflavones have been investigated for their preventative effects against UV-induced symptoms of skin damage including wrinkle formation and inflammation. <I>Haematococcus pluvialis</I> is a freshwater species of Chlorophyta that contains high concentrations of the natural carotenoid pigment astaxanthin. Astaxanthin is known to be involved in retinoic acid receptor (RAR) signaling and previously been associated with the inhibition of activator protein (AP)-1 dependent transcription. Based on previous studies, we hypothesized that a combination of soy extract (SE) and <I>Haematococcus</I> extract (HE) may prevent UVB-induced photoaging through specific signaling pathways, as measured by UVB-induced wrinkling on hairless mice skin and expression changes in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). The 1:2 ratio of SE and HE mixture (SHM) showed the optimal benefit in vivo. SHM was found to inhibit wrinkle formation via the downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 mRNA and protein expression. SHM also inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and the transactivation of AP-1 which plays an important role in regulating MMP expression. These results highlight the potential for SHM to be developed as a therapeutic agent to prevent UVB-induced skin wrinkling.</P>
Shin, Dongkwan,Kim, Ik Soo,Lee, Ji Min,Shin, Sung-Young,Lee, Jong-Hoon,Baek, Sung Hee,Cho, Kwang-Hyun Oxford University Press 2014 Journal of molecular cell biology Vol.6 No.4
<P>Prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) is known to have a key role in the development of colorectal cancer, but previous experiments showed its contrasting (i.e. tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive) roles depending on experimental conditions. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying such contrasting roles of PGE(2) in tumorigenesis, we investigated all the previous experiments and found a new signal transduction pathway mediated by retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor (ROR)alpha, in which PGE(2)/PKC alpha-dependent phosphorylation of ROR alpha attenuates Wnt target gene expression in colon cancer cells. From mathematical simulations combined with biochemical experimentation, we revealed that ROR alpha induces a biphasic response of Wnt target genes to PGE(2) stimulation through a regulatory switch formed by an incoherent feedforward loop, which provides a mechanistic explanation on the contrasting roles of PGE(2) observed in previous experiments. More interestingly, we found that ROR alpha constitutes another regulatory switch formed by coupled positive and negative feedback loops, which regulates the hysteretic response of Wnt signaling and eventually converts a proliferative cellular state into an anti-proliferative state in a very delicate way. Our results indicate that ROR alpha is the key regulator at the center of these hidden switches that critically regulate cancer cell proliferation and thereby being a promising anti-cancer therapeutic target.</P>
Ik Sang Shin,Ki Hong Sim,Duck Young Hwang,Kyeong Ho Jang,Sin Hye Na,박평렬 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.3
Unlike the NbTi superconducting wires used for high critical current density, NbTi wires for Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnets have larger and fewer NbTi monofilaments and different cross sections, which show different superconducting properties. This study investigated the effects of varying the temperature, number of heat-treatment cycles, and total strain over a wide range for multifilamentary Nb-46.5%Ti wires on a mass production scale for use in MRI magnets. The heat-treatment conditions were optimized for an NbTi superconducting wire and the critical current density and the n-value were measured as functions of the final strain at temperatures of 4.2 K and 7 T. We noticed that the superconducting properties increased with increasing final strain of the multifilamentary NbTi wire. The microstructure and the effects of the size and the distribution of -Ti precipitates on the individual heat-treatment steps were observed by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We, consequently, found the heat-treatment conditions that provided the highest superconducting performance for the two types of NbTi wires used in this study, and the results of the study are expected to very helpful in establishing not only the heat-treatment conditions but also important manufacturing parameters, such as the total strain, even as the design of NbTi wires for used in MRI magnets as changing with industrial demand.