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Possible Role of Phthalate in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis: In Vitro, Animal, and Human Data
Kim, Sung Hoon,Cho, SiHyun,Ihm, Hyo Jin,Oh, Young Sang,Heo, Seung-Ho,Chun, Sail,Im, Hosub,Chae, Hee Dong,Kim, Chung-Hoon,Kang, Byung Moon Issued for the Endocrine Society by the Williams & 2015 The Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism Vol.100 No.12
Kim, Sung Hoon,Kim, So Ra,Ihm, Hyo Jin,Oh, Young Sang,Chae, Hee Dong,Kim, Chung-Hoon,Kang, Byung Moon Issued for the Endocrine Society by the Williams W 2013 The Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism Vol.98 No.2
<P>Context: Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition characterized by enhanced proliferation, adhesiveness, invasiveness, and survival of endometrial cells after retrograde menstruation. Originally identified as a cytoskeletal regulatory kinase, p21-activated kinase 4 (Pak4) regulates diverse cellular activities that might be altered in the establishment and progression of endometriosis. Objective: The aim was to evaluate the effects of sex steroids and proinflammatory cytokines on the Pak4 expression in endometrial cells along with the functional change caused by inhibition of Pak4 expression as well as to see whether the Pak4 expression is altered in endometriosis. Methods: Pak4 expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Viability and invasiveness were assayed after transfection of endometrial cells with Pak4 small interfering RNA. Results: The Pak4 expression was significantly decreased in the stromal cells during the secretory phase as well as by in vitro treatment with progesterone. The immunoreactivity of Pak4 was significantly increased in the eutopic endometrium as well as in the ovarian endometriotic cyst of women with endometriosis compared with the control subjects. TNF-alpha induced a significant increase in the Pak4 expression in endometrial cells in vitro, whereas IL-1 beta had no effects. Transfection of endometrial cells with Pak4 small interfering RNA led to a significant decrease in viability and invasiveness in endometrial cells. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Pak4 is regulated by progesterone and TNF-alpha in endometrial cells and that the increased expression of Pak4 might lead to the establishment and progression of endometriosis by enhanced cellular viability and invasiveness in endometrial cells. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98: E238-E248, 2013)</P>
갯기름나물 중 Carbendazim과 Metrafenone의 잔류 특성
송채린 ( Chae Lin Song ),김용범 ( Yong Beom Kim ),황준혁 ( Jun Hyuk Hwang ),이지윤 ( Ji Youn Lee ),임양빈 ( Yang Bin Ihm ),경기성 ( Kee Sung Kyung ) 한국환경농학회 2023 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2023 No.0
이 연구는 갯기름나물 중 carbendazim과 metrafenone의 잔류특성을 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 시험 농약인 carbendazim 60%, WP와 metrafenone 25.2%, SC를 각각 정식 전에 기준량으로 토양에 살포하였다. 살포한 후 44일 뒤 최초 수확을 하고, 잔류량 증가 및 감소를 확인하기 위하여 최초 수확 후 1일, 3일, 5일, 7일차에 시료를 채취하여 잔류농약 분석하였다. 갯기름나물 중 carbendazim과 metrafenone의 정량한계는 모두 0.01 mg/kg 이었으며, 유효성 검증을 위해 회수율 실험을 한 결과 carbendazim과 metrafenone에서 각각 93.3-111.6%와 94.6-99.6%로 나타났다. 최초 수확을 한 시료에서 carbendazim과 metrafenone의 최대 잔류량은 각각 38.08 mg/kg과 8.04 mg/kg이었다. 최초 수확 후 1일차 시료의 경우 최대 잔류량은 각각 33.15 mg/kg과 7.61 mg/kg이었다. 최초 수확 후 3일차 시료의 경우 최대 잔류량은 각각 29.74 mg/kg과 4.92 mg/kg이었다. 최초 수확 후 5일차 시료의 경우 최대 잔류량은 각각 26.55 mg/kg과 3.98 mg/kg이었다. 최초 수확 후 7일차 시료의 경우 최대 잔류량은 각각 11.63 mg/kg과 2.49 mg/kg으로 최초 수확 후 시간이 경과함에 따라 잔류량이 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. Carbendazim과 metrafenone의 소실률은 최초 수확한 시료를 기준으로 각각 69.2-71.7%와 68.6-70.1%가 나타났다.
Increased expression of nuclear factor kappa-B p65 subunit in adenomyosis
( Hana Park ),( Sung Hoon Kim ),( Yoo Mi Cho ),( Hyo Jin Ihm ),( Young Sang Oh ),( Seung Hwa Hong ),( Hee Dong Chae ),( Chung Hoon Kim ),( Byung Moon Kang ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.59 No.2
Objective Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-кB) is a critical proinflammatory regulator that has been suggested to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether the expression of NF-кB p65 subunit is increased in the eutopic endometrium and/or in the adenomyosis nodule of women with adenomyosis. Methods Thirty-three women with histologically confirmed adenomyosis after laparoscopic or transabdominal hysterectomy were recruited. Women with carcinoma in situ of uterine cervix without evidence of adenomyosis or endometriosis (n=32) served as controls. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissues were sectioned and immunostained utilizing a monoclonal anti-human NF-кB p65 subunit antibody, and the immunoreactivity of NF-кB p65 subunit was compared between women with and without adenomyosis. Results The immunoreactivities of both the nuclear and the cytoplasmic NF-кB p65 subunit were significantly increased in the stromal cells in the eutopic endometrium as well as in the adenomyosis nodule of women with adenomyosis compared with controls, respectively. The nuclear expression of NF-кB p65 subunit was significantly higher in the glandular cells in the eutopic endometrium as well as the adenomyosis nodule of women with adenomyosis compared with controls, respectively. Conclusion The expression of NF-кB p65 is increased in the eutopic endometrium and adenomyosis nodule of women with adenomyosis, which strongly suggest that NF-кB plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and/or pathophysiology of adenomyosis.
Lee, Byung-Wan,Chae, Hee-Young,Tuyen, Tran Thi Ngoc,Kang, Dongchul,Kim, Hyun Ah,Lee, Minhyung,Ihm, Sung Hee D.A. Spandidos 2009 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.23 No.6
<P>Although non-viral vectors are relatively safe, they have very low gene transfection efficiency, especially in pancreatic islet cells. To provide information on the use of non-viral vectors for transfecting genes into pancreatic islet cells, a comparative evaluation of non-viral options was performed. In vitro experiments were used to compare the transfection efficiency of three classes of non-viral vectors: Effectene, polyethylenimine (PEI, 25 kDa) and hemagglutinating virus of Japan-envelope (HVJ-E), into insulinoma cells (INS-1) and rat islets. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene with hypoxia-inducible RTP801 promoter was delivered into rat islets with Effectene and VEGF secretion under hypoxia was measured in the culture media. Luciferase activity and GFP assays indicated that Effectene exhibited the highest transfection efficiency, and HVJ-E was not suitable for transfection into pancreatic beta-cells. The cytotoxicity of Effectene was found to be similar to that of 25-kDa PEI by 7-amino actinomycin D (7-AAD) flow cytometry and acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) assays. When RTP801 promoter-VEGF plasmid was delivered to rat islets with Effectene, VEGF secretion increased specifically in islets under hypoxia. In conclusion, Effectene showed higher gene-delivery efficiency for pancreatic islets compared with other classes of non-viral delivery systems and is promising as a gene delivery agent for pretransplant ex vivo gene therapy of islets.</P>