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Shim, D.,Park, S.G.,Kim, K.,Bae, W.,Lee, G.W.,Ha, B.S.,Ro, H.S.,Kim, M.,Ryoo, R.,Rhee, S.K.,Nou, I.S.,Koo, C.D.,Hong, C.P.,Ryu, H. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 Journal of biotechnology Vol.223 No.-
<P>Lentinula edodes, the popular shiitake mushroom, is one of the most important cultivated edible mushrooms. It is used as a food and for medicinal purposes. Here, we present the 46.1 Mb draft genome of L. edodes, comprising 13,028 predicted gene models. The genome assembly consists of 31 scaffolds. Gene annotation provides key information about various signaling pathways and secondary metabolites. This genomic information should help establish the molecular genetic markers for MAS/MAB and increase our understanding of the genome structure and function. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Ginsenoside Rb1 rescues anxiety-like responses in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder
Lee, B.,Sur, B.,Cho, S. G.,Yeom, M.,Shim, I.,Lee, H.,Hahm, D. H. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Journal of Natural Medicines Vol.70 No.2
<P>Single prolonged stress (SPS), a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), induces alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Korean red ginseng, whose major active component is ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1), is one of the widely used traditional anxiolytics. However, the efficacy of GRb1 in alleviating PTSD-associated anxiety-like abnormalities has not been investigated. The present study used several behavioral tests to examine the effects of GRb1 on symptoms of anxiety in rats after SPS exposure and on the central noradrenergic system. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received GRb1 (10 or 30 mg/kg, i.p., once daily) during 14 days of SPS. Daily GRb1 (30 mg/kg) administration significantly increased the number and duration of open-arm visits in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, reduced the anxiety index, increased the risk assessment, reduced grooming behaviors in the EPM test, and increased the total number of line crossings of an open field after SPS. The higher dose of GRb1 also blocked SPS-induced decreases in hypothalamic neuropeptide Y expression, increases in locus coeruleus tyrosine hydroxylase expression, and decreases in hippocampal mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. These findings suggest that GRb1 has anxiolytic-like effects on both behavioral and biochemical symptoms similar to those observed in patients with PTSD.</P>
Lee, B.,Sur, B.,Shim, I.,Lee, H.,Hahm, D. H. Springer Science + Business Media 2014 Journal of Natural Medicines Vol.68 No.1
The purpose of this study was to examine whether baicalin (BAI) improves spatial cognitive impairments induced in rats following the repeated administration of the exogenous stress hormone corticosterone (CORT). The effect of BAI on the hippocampal expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) was also investigated. For 21 days, male rats received daily doses of BAI (20, 50, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) 1 h prior to a CORT (40 mg/kg) injection. The daily administration of BAI improved memory impairment as measured by the passive avoidance test and reduced the escape latency for finding the platform in the Morris water maze test. Additionally, as assessed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, the administration of BAI also significantly alleviated memory-associated decreases in the expression levels of BDNF and CREB proteins and mRNAs in the hippocampus. These results demonstrate that the administration of BAI prior to high-dose exogenous CORT results in significant neuroprotective activity against neuronal impairment and memory dysfunction in rats. Thus, these findings suggest that BAI might be useful as a therapeutic agent in various neurodegenerative diseases for the improvement of cognitive function. This likely occurs through the regulation of BDNF and CREB expression.
박충서,임백서,심재용 中央醫學社 1973 中央醫學 Vol.24 No.4
Total 62 meningitis cases since 1958 to 1971 are analyzed. T.B. origin are 13 cases,. bacterial 4, syphilitic 3, toxic 1, and unknown origin 41 cases. Age is mainly 2nd and 3rd decades. Male female ratio is approximately equal. Duration of the disease is mainly 1 month, esp. within 2 weeks. The main symptoms are headache, fever, vomiting, stupor, nausea, and dizziness and main signs are stiff neck, Kernig sign, weak deep reflexes, Babinski sign, and semi-coma. The cerebrospinal fluid showed often confusing picture for T. B. meningitis. Medications for both T. B. and bacterial meningitis together resulted in about 67. 7% improvement (probably cure) and the worsening or expiring cases are those who were too late for treatment.
약침이 반복적인 코카인 투여로 인한 행동적 민감화 현상에 미치는 효과
이봄비,양재하,함대현,이혜정,심인섭,Lee, B.B,Yang, C.H.,Hahm, D.H.,Lee, H.J.,Shim, I.S. 대한약침학회 2004 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.7 No.1
Substantial evidence suggests that behavioral and reinforcing effects of cocaine can be mediated by the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. It has been shown that repeated injections of cocaine produce increase in locomotor activity, expression of the immediate-early gene, c-fos in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which was one of the main dopaminergic terminal areas. Herbal-acupuncture as a therapeutic intervention has been widely used for the treatment of many functional disorders such as drug abuse. Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) and its main component, berberine (BER) were selected as herbal medicine of herbal-acupuncture. Both medicines have been known to have the therapeutic effect on the central nervous system. In order to investigate the effects of CR and BER herbalacupuncture at shenmen (HT7) point (CR/H and BER/H) on the cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization, the influence of CR/H and BER/H on repeated cocaine-induced locomotor activity, the change of c-Fos expression in the brain by immunohistochemistry were examined. Male SD rats were given CR/H (0.4mg/kg) and BER/H (0.1mg/kg) 30 min before daily injections of cocaine hydrochloride (15mg/kg. i.p.) 10 days. After 3 days withdrawal, rats received a challenge injection of cocaine (15mg/kg, i.p.). Systemic challenge with cocaine produced much larger increased locomotor activity, accumbal Fos-like immunoreactivity in the NAc. Pretreatment with CR/H and BER/H significantly inhibited cocaine-induced locomotor activity, the change of c-Fos expression in the rats. Our data demonstrated that the inhibitory effects of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization by CR/H and BER/H were closely associated with the reduction of presynaptic dopamine release in the NAc. These results suggest that CR/H and BER/H can be effectively applied to cocaine addiction.
Jyothi, I.,Seo, M.W.,Janardhanam, V.,Shim, K.H.,Lee, Y.B.,Ahn, K.S.,Choi, C.J. Elsevier Sequoia 2013 Journal of alloys and compounds Vol.556 No.-
We fabricated Er-silicide (ErSi<SUB>1.7</SUB>) Schottky contacts to strained Si-on-insulator (sSOI) with a strain level of 0.77% and investigated their electrical properties in the temperature range of 225-400K. The Schottky parameters such as the barrier height, ideality factor, and series resistance were found to strongly depend on temperature. Barrier height and ideality factor were found to decrease and increase, respectively, with decreasing temperature. The series resistance gradually increased with decreasing temperature. A discrepancy between the Schottky barrier heights calculated from the forward current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and Norde's method indicated a deviation from the ideal thermionic emission of ErSi<SUB>1.7</SUB>/sSOI Schottky diode. The lateral inhomogeneity of the Schottky barrier and potential fluctuations at the interface between ErSi<SUB>1.7</SUB> and sSOI could be a main cause of the difference between the calculated and theoretical values of the Richardson constant. On the basis of a thermionic emission mechanism with a Gaussian distribution of the barrier heights, temperature dependency of ErSi<SUB>1.7</SUB> Schottky contact to sSOI was explained in terms of the barrier height inhomogeneities at the interface.