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1
Perspectives on the Happiness of Community-Dwelling Elderly in Korea

SangWon Jeon,Changsu Han,Jongha Lee,JaeHyoung Lim,HyunGhang Jeong,MoonHo Park,YoungHoon Ko,ChiUn Pae,SeungHyun Kim,SookHaeng Joe,David C. Steffens 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.1
- 원문보기 3
  ScienceON
  
  KCI
  
  스콜라
Objective-A community survey was performed to investigate the factors and perspectives associated with happiness among the elderly in Korea (≥60 years). Methods-Eight hundred volunteers selected from participants in the Ansan Geriatric study (AGE study) were enrolled, and 706 completed the survey. The Happiness Questionnaire (HQ), which asks four questions about happiness, was administered. To explore the relationship between happiness and depression, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) also were administered. Results-The participants’ average level of happiness, determined using a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS) of the HQ, was 64.7± 26.0. The happiest situations for most people were “getting together with family” (23.8%) and “living in peace with family members (well-being)” (13.2%). Frequent reasons for not being happy were “worsened health condition” (28.7% of the not-happy group), “economic problems of their own” (16.5%), and “economic problems of their children” (14.8%). The participants’ choices regarding the essential conditions for happiness were “good health” (65.3%) and “being with family” (20.5%). The BDI and GDS scores were negatively related to the happiness score. A preliminary scale [Happy (Haeng-Bok, 幸福) aging scale] based on the HQ for measuring the happiness level of the Korean elderly was suggested for follow-up studies. Conclusion-The most important factors determining the happiness of the community-dwelling elderly in Korea were good family relationships, economic stability, and good health. A higher depression score negatively impacted happiness among Korean elders. Further studies on the factors in their happiness are required.
2
Impact of White Matter Lesions on Depression in the Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

JungJae Lee,EunYoung Lee,SeokBum Lee,JoonHyuk Park,TaeHui Kim,HyunGhang Jeong,JaeHyoung Kim,JiWon Han,KiWoong Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2015 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.12 No.4
- 원문보기 3
  ScienceON
  
  KCI
  
  스콜라
Objective-Comorbid depression is common in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). An increase in white matter lesions (WMLs) has been associated with depression in both elderly individuals with normal cognition and patients with Alzheimer’s disease. We investigated whether the severity and location of WMLs influence the association between WMLs and comorbid depression in AD. Methods-We enrolled 93 AD patients from Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. We administered both the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Inventory (MINI) and the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Packet (CERAD-K) clinical and neuropsychological battery. Subjects also underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We diagnosed AD according to the criteria of the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association. We diagnosed depressive disorders according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, and evaluated the severity of depressive symptoms using the Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-K). We quantified the WML volumes from the brain MRI using a fully automated segmentation algorithm. Results-The log of the WML volume in the frontal lobe was significantly associated with depressive disorders (odds ratio=1.905, 95% CI=1.027–3.533, p=0.041), but not with the severity of depressive symptoms as measured by the GDS-K. Conclusion-The WML volume in the frontal lobe conferred a risk of comorbid depressive disorders in AD, which implies that comorbid depression in AD may be attributed to vascular causes.
3
The Effectiveness of Cross-Tapering Switching to Ziprasidone in Patients with Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder

YoungHoon Ko,KyoungSae Na,ChulEung Kim,SeungHyun Kim,YangWhan Jeon,JungSeo,MoonSoo Lee,ShinGyeom Kim,HyunGhang Jeong,HanYong Jung 대한신경정신의학회 2014 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.11 No.4
- 원문보기 2
  KCI
  
  스콜라
Objective-Switching antipsychotics is one useful therapeutic option when the treatment of schizophrenia encounters suboptimal efficacy and intolerability issues. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of cross-tapering switching to ziprasidone from other antipsychotics. Methods-A total of 67 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were recruited in this 12-week, multicenter, non-comparative, open-label trial. Prior antipsychotics were allowed to be maintained for up to 4 weeks during the titration of ziprasidone. Efficacy was primarily measured using the 18-item Brief Psychotic Rating Scale (BPRS) at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. Efficacy was secondarily measured by the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scale and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale at each visit. Regarding the metabolic effects of switching to ziprasidone, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and lipid profile–including triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol levels–were measured at each follow-up visit. Results-The BPRS scores were significantly improved at 12 weeks after switching to ziprasidone (F=5.96, df=2.11, p=0.003), whereas the CGI-S and GAF scores were not significantly changed. BMIs, WHRs, and TG levels were significantly decreased, with no significant changes in other lipid profiles. Conclusion-Cross-tapering switching to ziprasidone is effective for patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Beyond the efficacy of the procedure, favorable metabolic profiles show that switching to ziprasidone may be helpful for maintenance therapy over an extended period.