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GIS 및 지진취약도 분석기법을 활용한 창원시 교통망의 내진위험도 분석
이형진,김성훈,최승용 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-
Recently seismic fragility analysis method has been widely used for the seismic probabilistic risk assessment of infrastructures such as nuclear power plants, buildings and bridges because of its probabilistic characteristics. Furthermore, this technique has been applied to large-scale social system consisted of each infrastructures by combing GIS. In this paper, the applicability of this technique to domestic infrastructure system. Example studies were performed about Changwon city. Nonlinear time history analysis, with a maximum likelihood approach were analysis of whole infrastructure systems. The results shows that it can be very useful to predict seismic probabilistic risk assessment of this domestic transportation network. However, it is also shown that further studies such as more suitable damage criterion to domestic structure and precise nonlinear analysis techniques should be developed to predict more precise results.
텔레스코픽 크라운 임플란트 지지 피개의치와 치아 지지 피개의치의 하악골내 응력분포에 관한 유한요소분석
이창규,백장현,김태훈,김민정,김형섭,권긍록,우이형 대한치과보철학회 2012 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.50 No.1
PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress distribution in mandibular implant-supported overdentures and tooth-supported overdentures with telescopic crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The assumption of this study was that there were 2, 3, 4 natural teeth and implants which are located in the second premolar and canine regions in various distributed conditions. The mandible, teeth (or implants and abutments), and connectors are modeled, and analyzed with the commercial software, ANSYS Version 10.1. Stress distribution was evaluated under 150 N vertical load bilaterally on 3 experimental conditions - between canine areas, canine and 2nd premolars, 10 mm posterior to 2nd premolars. RESULTS. Overall, the case of the implant group showed more stress than the case of the teeth group in stress distribution to bone. In stress distribution to superstructures of tooth and implants, there was no significant difference between TH group and IM group and the highest stress appeared in TH-IV and IM-IV. The stress caused from bar was much higher than those of implant and tooth. TH group showed less stress than IM group in stress distribution to abutment teeth and implant. CONCLUSION. The results shows that it is crucial to make sure that distance between impact loading point and abutment tooth does not get too far apart, and if it does, it is at best to set abutment tooth on premolar tooth region. It will be necessary to conduct more experiments on effects on implants, natural teeth and bone, in order to apply these results to a clinical treatment. 연구 목적: 이 연구의 목적은 텔레스코픽 크라운 하악 임플란트 지지 피개의치와 치아 지지 피개의치에서 지대치의 수와 위치에 따른 응력 분산을 비교하기 위함이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 본 연구에서는 임플란트를 4개 식립하고 임플란트 지지 피개의치로 설계하였고, 식립 위치를 견치와 소구치 부위에 위치 별로 3개 또는 2개 존재시를 실험군으로 설정하였다. 자연치아를 갖는 경우도 견치와 제2소구치 4개를 가진 경우를 대조군으로 설정하고 부위별로 3개 또는 2개를 가지는 경우를 실험군으로 설정하였다. ANSYS Version 10.1 (Swanson, Inc., USA)로 분석하였다. 결과: 악골내 응력의 경우, 전반적으로 임플란트(IM)로만 구성된 경우가 치아(TH)로만 구성된 경우에 비해 응력이 크게 발생하였다. 상부구조의 경우, 치아군(TH)과 임플란트군(IM) 사이의 차이는 크게 없었으며 편측 견치와 제2소구치에 지대치 또는 임플란트가 위치하는 경우 가장 큰 응력이 나타났고 바(bar)에서 발생된 응력이 임플란트와 치아에서 발생되는 응력에 비해 상대적으로 훨씬 크게 발생하였다. 지대치와 임플란트의 경우, 치아군(TH)이 임플란트군(IM)보다 응력이 작게 발생하였다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과로부터 지대치(임플란트 또는 치아)를 설정할 때는 하중작용점과 지대치 사이의 거리가 너무 길어지지 않도록 지대치의 수와 위치를 확보해야 하며 소구치 자리에 지대치를 확보하는 것이 유리하다. 앞으로, 실제 임상에 적용하였을 경우, 임플란트 및 자연치아와 악골에 미치는 결과에 대한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다.
Role of S100A9 in the development of neutrophilic inflammation in asthmatics and in a murine model
Lee, Tae-Hyeong,Chang, Hun Soo,Bae, Da-Jeong,Song, Hyun Ji,Kim, Myung-Sin,Park, Jong Sook,Jun, Ji Ae,Lee, Si Young,Uh, Soo Taek,Kim, Soo Hyun,Park, Choon-Sik Elsevier 2017 Clinical immunology Vol.183 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>S100A9 is an endogenous danger signal that promotes and exacerbates the neutrophilic inflammatory response. To investigate the role of S100A9 in neutrophilic asthma, S100A9 levels were measured in sputum from 101 steroid-naïve asthmatics using an ELISA kit and the levels were significantly correlated with percentages of neutrophils in sputum. Intranasal administration of recombinant S100A9 markedly increased neutrophil numbers at 8h and 24h later with concomitant elevation of IL-1β, IL-17, and IFN-γ levels. Treatment with an anti-S100A9 antibody restored the increased numbers of neutrophils and the increased airway resistance in OVA/CFA mice toward the levels of sham-treated mice. Concomitantly, the S100A9 and neutrophil elastase double positive cells were markedly reduced with attenuation of IL-1β, IL-17, and IFN-γ levels by the treatment with the anti-S100A9 antibody. Our data support a role of S100A9 to initiate and amplify the neutrophilic inflammation in asthma, possibly via inducing IL-1β, IL-17 and IFN-γ.</P> <P><B>Highlight</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> S100A9 is an endogenous danger signal that promotes and exacerbates the neutrophilic inflammatory response. </LI> <LI> Our data support a role of S100A9 to initiate and amplify the neutrophilic inflammation via inducing IL-1β, IL-17 and IFN-γ. </LI> <LI> Modulation of S100A9 in the airway may be a therapeutic strategy to control neutrophilic inflammation in asthma. </LI> </UL> </P>
Hydroxylated Hydrocinnamides as Hypocholesterolemic Agents
Lee, Sang-Ku,Lee, Chul-Ho,Kim, Eung-Soo,Jung, Sang-Hun,Lee, Hyeong-Kyu Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.10
Several hydroxylated cinnamic acid derivatives were prepared from the corresponding acids and amino acid residues, and their hypocholesterolemic activities were evaluated in high cholesterol-fed mice. The presence of the double bond in hydroxylated cinnamide derivatives decreases cholesterol-lowering activities and the number of free phenolic hydroxy groups affect greatly the activities. 3,4-Dihydroxy hydrocinnamides obtained from amino acid derivatives containing a hydrophobic side chain such as alanine, valine, phenylalanine, and isoleucine exhibited potent cholesterol-lowering activities.
MRI with Continuously Flowing Laser-Polarized $^3He$
Lee, Hyeong-Ju,Kim, Chul,Kim, Byung-Soo,Kim, Do-Hun,Lee, Hee-Cheon Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2003 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.7 No.1
MRI of laser-polarized $^{129}$ Xe under continuous flow conditions has recently been used for imaging of porous materials, however, any attempts at using a continuously circulating flow of laser-polarized $^3$He have not been made until now, presumably due to its extremely long spin exchange time (5-10 hrs). Since the inherent NMR sensitivity of $^3$He is 80 times greater than that of $^{129}$ Xe when considering the natural abundance, $^3$He can be expected to be a better nucleus for imaging than $^{129}$ Xe even under continuous flow conditions. In this report, the first MRI with continuously flowing laser-polarized $^3$He is shown for a phantom of Teflon tubing, demonstrating the feasibility of $^3$He imaging under continuous flow.
Lee, Hyeong Rae,Lee, Hun Wook,Lee, Youn-Woo,Kazlauskas, Romas J.,Park, Tai Hyun Elsevier 2017 Biomass & bioenergy Vol.105 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Biomass forms a complex interwoven structure containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin that hinders enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose within yellow poplar (tulip tree) particles released only 9% of the total glucose in this study. To increase the accessibility of the cellulose component, wood particles were pretreated using hot compressed water and enzymatically-generated peracetic acid. The combined pretreatment started with hot compressed water (200 °C, 15 min), which selectively solubilized up to 90% of the xylan. The remaining solid was treated with peracetic acid (90 mM, 60 °C, 6 h), which solubilized up to 70% of the lignin. The remaining solid consisted of mainly glucan (∼75%) and corresponds to 87% of the glucan initially present in the yellow poplar particles. Hydrolysis of the remaining solid using a low loading of cellulase/β-glucosidase for 72 h released 90% of the glucose. The removal of the xylan and lignin structural barriers dramatically increased the cellulase accessibility to cellulose. The structural characteristics (crystallinity, functional group changes, morphology) of combined pretreated solid residue changed in a manner consistent with increased enzymatic digestibility. The combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and peracetic acid was more effective than either single pretreatment and more effective than the sum of the single pretreatments to remove xylan and lignin, thus demonstrating a cooperative effect of the two pretreatments. In addition, the combined pretreatment enhanced the accessibility of cellulases to the cellulose resulting in more efficient cellulose hydrolysis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hot compressed water pretreatment of yellow poplar hydrolyzed xylan to xylose. </LI> <LI> Subsequent peracetic acid treatment solubilized lignin leaving a glucan-rich solid. </LI> <LI> Combined pretreatment removes more lignin than the sum of individual pretreatments. </LI> <LI> Combined pretreatment could enhance enzymatic digestibility and reduce the amount of cellulase needed. </LI> <LI> This fractionation of the major components of biomass allows separate uses for each component. </LI> </UL> </P>