Energy-saving Methods in the Operation of Virtual Networks Based on Divided Time Slices

HU Ying,ZHUANG Lei,HU Yu-xiang,MA Ding 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.7

Reducing energy consumption has also become an important way to reduce expenditures and increase revenue for ISP. For solving the problem of dynamically changing network-flow of virtual network in runtime, we first analyze relations and differences between virtual network and IP network on energy-saving issues. We secondly model the makeup of energy consumption in virtual network, and determine the object of energy-saving in virtual network at. Finally we propose the solutions to this energy-saving problem. The solutions can be described as follows: (1) based on the historical data of daily network-flow, we divide one day into two time slices, and one is called idle time slice, the other is called busy time slice; (2) we design the dynamic switch-off algorithm and run it at the beginning of idle time slice, and we use former algorithms to be started at the beginning of busy time slice; (3) in the dynamic switch-off algorithm we determine the method to select virtual networks and the method to remap; (4) we apply roulette wheel to select virtual networks, in the selection method we consider both current influences on energy-saving and influences in the future. Simulation results show that the dynamic switch-off algorithm can effectively select virtual networks, and the whole solution performs well in energy aware virtual network in runtime.

Ground state and edge excitations of a quantum Hall liquid at filling factor 2/3

Hu, Zi-Xiang,Chen, Hua,Yang, Kun,Rezayi, E. H.,Wan, Xin American Physical Society 2008 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.78 No.23

Leader-following Consensus of Multi-agent Systems via a Hybrid Protocol with Saturation Effects

Xiang Hu,Zufan Zhang,Chuandong Li,Liangliang Li 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.1

In this paper, a hybrid protocol which can control multi-agent systems to achieve “leader-followingconsensus” is proposed, the control protocol is periodic and is composed of continuous control and impulse control. Considering the power limitation and the time error of the actual industrial production equipments, the impulsesaturation effects and the impulse time window are introduced. In this paper, the multi-agent system is modeled,one of the agents is designated as the leader, and the rest of the agents are the followers. Then the error systemequations of the multi-agent system is derived. The stability of the error system is analyzed by constructing theLyapunov function. Theorem 1 and theorem 2 are obtained as the criteria of state consensus of the multi-agentsystem. Finally, a numerical experiment is carried out to verify the reliability and efficiency of the conclusions aregiven in this paper. Because it takes into account the impulse time window and impulse saturation effects, which ismore in line with the actual industrial production.

Edge-mode velocities and thermal coherence of quantum Hall interferometers

Hu, Zi-Xiang,Rezayi, E. H.,Wan, Xin,Yang, Kun American Physical Society 2009 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.80 No.23

The Passing of Risk in International Sales Contract based on Cases of China

Xiang-peng Hu(호상붕),Kil-nam Lee(이길남) 한국국제상학회 2019 國際商學 Vol.34 No.2

2015년 한ㆍ중 FTA가 체결되었다. 그 이후 양국간의 교역은 꾸준하게 확대됨에 따른 무역당 사자간의 의무이행, 특히 위험이전과 관련한 분쟁의 증가 원인이 될 수 있다는 우려에 기초하여 본 연구를 진행하였다. 이에 본 연구를 통해서, 기존의 무역계약에서의 위험이전에 관한 이론적 분석과 아울러 중국 의 무역기업들의 관련 분쟁사례를 분석하여 한국기업이 중국의 기업들과 거래하는데 참고해야 하는 특징을 도출하려고 하였다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해서, 중국 사법당국과 중재판정부의 입장을 몇 가지 확인할 수 있었다. 첫째, 계약체결당사자의 국가 모두가 CIGS 체약국인 경우 위험이전과 관련한 분쟁사례에서 CIGS를 적용하고 있다는 점, 그리고 Incoterms의 조건을 사용하여 매매계약을 체결한 경우에는 Incoterms 조건을 일부 변형시켜 계약에 합의하여도 Incoterms의 규정을 인용하고 있다는 점이다. 마지막으로 매매계약을 구두로 체결한 경우에도 매매계약을 이행하는 과정에서 발생한 증거서류가 있는 경우에는 이를 인정하는 사례를 발견할 수 있었다. 따라서 중국과의 거래에서는 중국계약법은 물론 CIGS와 Incoterms 등과 같은 국제적인 통일 규칙의 공통점과 차이점은 물론 중국 법원과 중재판정부의 입장을 이해하는 것이 필요하겠다. Purpose : Since 2015, after effecting FTA between Korea and China, Trade volumes in these two countries has been increased annually. This trend may be able to raise issue on passing of risk in relation with contract. Thus we would like to find out some characteristics on this issue in trade with China in this paper. Research design, data, methodology : This study analyzed on some sorts of relevant regulations such as Incoterms 2010, CISG, SGA, UCC, and rules in Korea and China, as well as some field cases in Chinese traders related in the passing of risk. Results : In this study, we found some principles of Chinese Arbitration Board and Court that they are trying to apply CIGS where the countries of both contract parties are member states in CIGS and also to apply Incoterms if both parties accepted to adopt one of incoterms in their contract, event though they agreed to modify of meaning of Incoterms. Finally, in case of oral contract, it is accepted in proof of contract if any party of contract could show any evidence. Conclusions : Therefore, we suggest that all the parties concerns contracted with Chinese partners must fully understand relevant international regulations such as CIGS, Incoterms and so on so as to prevent any possible disputes in trade with Chinese firms. Furthermore, it is important for us to note the principles of Chinese Arbitration Board and Court that they would apply to settle the dispute in China.

Systemic Reactions to Dust Mite Subcutaneous Immunotherapy: A 3-Year Follow-up Study

Xiang Dong,Nan Huang,Wenjing Li,Lintao Hu,Xiaolong Wang,Yin Wang,Ning Xiang,Guanghui Liu,Rongfei Zhu 대한천식알레르기학회 2016 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.8 No.5

Purpose: The incidence of allergen specific immunotherapy-related systemic reactions (SRs) varies among different studies, and many factors are likely to contribute to SRs. This study aims to investigate the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of SRs to standardize dust mite-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in Central China. Methods: All patients receiving standardized dust mites (100-100,000 SQ-U/mL; Alutard SQ, Hørsholn, Denmark) immunotherapy were followed up. Recorded data included demographics, diagnosis, patient status, pulmonary function testing results before and after each injection, allergen dosage, and details of SRs. Results: From June 2011 to August 2014, a total of 208 patients received 4,369 injections; 27 (13.0%) patients experienced 48 (1.1%) systemic reactions. Most of the SRs were grade 2 reactions (n=30, 62.5%), followed by grade 1 (n=11, 22.9%), grade 3 (n=7, 14.6%), and no fatal reactions occurred. Forty-six SRs (95.8%) occurred within 30 minutes. Higher SR rates were associated with high concentration extracts (100,000 SQ-U/mL), injections with concomitant local reactions (LRs), children, asthma and high sensitivity (skin prick test 3+/4+ and/or sIgE≥17.5 kUA/L) (P<0.05). The estimated odds of SRs increased in children (OR=6.57; 95% CI: 1.88-22.97, P=0.003), asthmatic patients (OR=4.10; 95% CI: 1.72-9.80, P=0.002), and injections with LRs (OR=2.41; 95% CI: 1.33-4.36, P=0.004).Conclusions: The incidence of SRs to dust mite SCIT was low, and multiple factors were associated with the increased incidence of SRs. Children, asthmatics and patients with concomitant LR may be prone to develop SRs.

No Association Between Tea Consumption and Risk of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-analysis of Epidemiological Studies

Hu, Zheng-Hui,Lin, Yi-Wei,Xu, Xin,Chen, Hong,Mao, Ye-Qing,Wu, Jian,Xu, Xiang-Lai,Zhu, Yi,Li, Shi-Qi,Zheng, Xiang-Yi,Xie, Li-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3

Objective: To evaluate the association between tea consumption and the risk of renal cell carcinoma. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus between 1970 and November 2012. Two evaluators independently reviewed and selected articles based on predetermined selection criteria. Results: Twelve epidemiological studies (ten case-control studies and two cohort studies) were included in the final analysis. In a meta-analysis of all included studies, when compared with the lowest level of tea consumption, the overall relative risk (RR) of renal cell carcinoma for the highest level of tea consumption was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89-1.21). In subgroup meta-analyses by study design, there was no significant association between tea consumption and renal cell carcinoma risk in ten case-control studies using adjusted data (RR=1.08, 95% CI 0.84-1.40). Furthermore, there was no significant association in two cohort studies using adjusted data (RR=0.95, 95% CI 0.81-1.12). Conclusion: Our findings do not support the conclusion that tea consumption is related to decreased risk of renal cell carcinoma. Further prospective cohort studies are required.

Rehabilitation Medicine in China: Present Situation and Prospects for 21st Century

Xiang-Yang Hu 한국재활과학회 1999 難聽과 言語障碍 Vol.22 No.2

Granular Effects on Depositional Processes of Debris Avalanches

Yu-xiang Hu,Hai-bo Li,Shun-chao Qi,Gang Fan,Jia-wen Zhou 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.4

Debris avalanches generally have massive mobility and extensive deposited area, which have strong relation to the granular effect. The granular effect is an outcome from the interaction (based on frictional mechanism) among particles. Discrepancy of grain composition, for instance the difference of particle size and their proportion of particles, is a key factor to influence granular effect. A series of laboratory tests have been conducted to research the granular effects on depositional processes of debris avalanches containing fine- and coarse-grained particles. The velocity of debris front, the morphology characteristics and runout distance of the debris avalanche are considered in detail, and the mass parameter and the size parameter are introduced in analysis for the research of granular effect. The experimental results indicate that the granular effects can decrease the dissipation of momentum and increase the accumulation region, leading to further runout distance and more extensive deposited areas. Further, the velocity, the range of depositions of debris avalanches are larger than that in other conditions when the proportion of fine-grained particles is 30%, especially the materials consist of heterogeneous granular. It means there have a critical mass parameter in experiments which lead to the high efficiency of granular effects, and the granular effect is weakening in homogeneous granular composition.

Knowledge and Information Based Electoronic Government for the Third Millenium : Essential Tasks and IT Total Solutions / Session 2 : 중국에서 정보기술 : 활용현황 및 발전전략

Guang Xiang Hu 한국행정학회 1999 한국행정학회 기타자료집 Vol.1999 No.1