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The Formation of Article 9 from the Perspective of the Influences of Christianity
Hidenori Yagasaki 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2012 동서연구 Vol.24 No.1
When it comes to the Meiji Constitution, Ito Hirobumi – probably the most influential of all the oligarchs – concluded that only the imperial house can become the axis of the state of Japan. It is, therefore, no accident that the Meiji leadership undertook a new and even more dramatic effort to emphasize the centrality of the Emperor in the years leading up to the promulgation of the new constitution. After World War Ⅱ, the Japanese Constitution was drawn up under the Allied occupation and was intended to replace Japan’s previous militaristic, absolute-monarchy system with a form of liberal democracy. However, the Japanese government still hoped to maintain the Emperor’s sovereignty. GHQ refused the Japanese government’s draft, and MacArthur suggested three principles called the ‘MacArthur Note.’ The main conflict is between Japanese culture(centering on the Emperor) and American culture(centering on Christianity). Compared with the Meiji Constitution, the current Japanese Constitution was greatly influenced by Christianity. The purpose of this paper is to deal with the formation of Article 9 from the perspective of the influence of Christianity.
Hidenori KAI,Naoki TANI,Minoru ISOBE 한국곤충학회 2008 Entomological Research Vol.38 No.3
The significance of winter cold in the termination of diapause was investigated with regards to TIME and PIN in eggs of the silkworm Bombyx mori. TIME (time interval measuring enzyme) is an ATPase that can measure time intervals by exhibiting a transitory burst of activation of the enzyme in accordance with diapause development, which requires cold for resumption of embryonic development in the silkworm. The possible timer function of TIME comprises a built-in mechanism in the protein structure. TIME is a metallo-glycoprotein consisting of 156 amino acid residues with a unique sequence in the N-terminal region to which a sugar chain is attached. PIN (peptidyl inhibitory needle) inhibits the ATPase activity of TIME. PIN is not a simple enzyme inhibitor, but holds the timer by forming a timeregulatory complex with TIME. The carbohydrate moiety of TIME is essential for the assembly of a high-affinity PIN-binding site within the timer motif of the TIME structure. The binding interaction between TIME and PIN was much tighter (nearly 1000 times) at 25°C than that at 4°C, as measured by fluorescence polarization. Because the logEC50 at 4°C was approximately 7 nmol/L, PIN must dissociate from TIME at the physiological concentration of TIME in eggs in the winter cold. Based on the results of our study, we propose that the dissociation of the TIME–-PIN complex in the winter cold cues a series of conformational changes of TIME, ultimately reaching the active form of ATPase which in turn causes the completion of diapause development and initiates new developmental programs.
Towards a Common Principle of Biological Control
Hidenori Kimura,Shingo Shimoda,Lu Gaohua,Reiko J. Tanaka 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
This paper reviews the interplay between biology and control theory as a typical example of trans disciplinary knowledge integration. Control is a fundamental function of the living or ganism that works in all a spects of the life. Various control mechanisms are ubiquitously built-inatall levels of body structures of living or ganisms and work all the time to support the life. They are diversely different from one to an other with different material bases and structures, but there are many reasons to think that have some common ground and design principles. It is argued that a unified approach is exploited by focusing on a biological way of dealing with environmental changes to invest igatevarious controle chanisms of living or ganisms. The notion of compound control is proposed as a common principle of biological control based on the trans disciplinary nature of control theory.
Two-Dimensional Imaging of Early Stage of Soot Formation in Diesel Spray Flame by LIF technique
Hidenori Kosaka,Tetsuya Aizawa,Yukio Matsui 한국자동차공학회 2001 한국자동차공학회 Symposium Vol.- No.-
To investigate the structure of reaction zone and the early process of young soot formation in a diesel spray flame, CH radical and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons formed in a flame were visualized two-dimensionally and simultaneously, CH radical was used as the indicator of reaction zone in a flame because CH is produced and destroyed in fuel decomposition zone and exists in thin layer near the stoichiometric contour in a flame, For the visualization of early soot formation zone in a flame, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were used as tracers in LIF technique, PHA are well known as the precursors of young soot.<br/> A Nd:Y AG pumped dye laser was used as a light source. The wavelength of incident light was tuned to 390.58 nm to excite CH with the 01(8.5) transition of B²Σ-X²Ⅱ v '=0, v "=0) band. The sheet of light passed through the mid-plane of the flame and the LIF from the species in a flame were imaged by an ICCD camera. A narrow band optical filter with a central wavelength of 430 nm and a FWHM of 10 nm was used to detect the fluorescence from CH with the transition of A²Σ -X²Ⅱ (v '=0, v "=0) band. The LIF spectrum of PAH formed in a flame was detected by a spectrometer at excitation wavelengths of 266 nm, 355 nm and 390 nm. These spectrum were analyzed for identification of P AH formed in a flame.<br/> In preliminary experiments, CH and PAH formed in a diffusion burner flame were visualized two-dimensionally. Methane and propane were used as fuel. In the LIF images of gas jet diffusion flames, LIF of CH can be observed as the very thin layers with the width of less than 1 mm located in the flame periphery. In the central region surrounded by CH thin layer, the strong LIF from PAH can be seen. The LIF from central region of the jet has broad spectrum whose peak is at 440 nm.<br/>