MicroRNA analysis reveals the role of miR-214 in duck adipocyte differentiation

Wang Laidi,Hu Xiaodan,Wang Shasha,Yuan Chunyou,Wang Zhixiu,Chang Guobin,Chen Guohong 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.9

Objective: Fat deposition in poultry is an important factor in production performance and meat quality research. miRNAs also play important roles in regulating adipocyte differentiation process. This study was to investigate the expression patterns of miRNAs in duck adipocytes after differentiation and explore the role of miR-214 in regulating carnitine palmitoyltransferases 2 (CPT2) gene expression during duck adipocyte differentiation. Methods: Successful systems for the isolation, culture, and induction of duck primary fat cells was developed in the experiment. Using Illumina next-generation sequencing, the miRNAs libraries of duck adipocytes were established. miRanda was used to predict differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and their target genes. The expression patterns of miR-214 and CPT2 during the differentiation were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Luciferase reporter assays were used to explore the specific regions of CPT2 targeted by miR-214. We used a miR-214 over-expression strategy in vitro to further investigate its effect on differentiation process and CPT2 gene transcription. Results: There were 481 miRNAs identified in duck adipocytes, included 57 DE miRNA candidates. And the 1,046 targets genes of DE miRNAs were mainly involved in p53 signaling, FoxO signaling, and fatty acid metabolism pathways. miR-214 and CPT2 showed contrasting expression patterns before and after differentiation, and they were selected for further research. The expression of miR-214 was decreased during the first 3 days of duck adipocytes differentiation, and then increased, while the expression of CPT2 increased both in the transcriptional and protein level. The luciferase assay suggested that miR-214 targets the 3’untranslated region of CPT2. Overexpression of miR-214 not only promoted the formation of lipid droplets but also decreased the protein abundance of CPT2. Conclusion: Current study reports the expression profile of miRNAs in duck adipocytes differentiated for 4 days. And miR-214 has been proved to have the regulator potential for fat deposition in duck. Objective: Fat deposition in poultry is an important factor in production performance and meat quality research. miRNAs also play important roles in regulating adipocyte differentiation process. This study was to investigate the expression patterns of miRNAs in duck adipocytes after differentiation and explore the role of miR-214 in regulating carnitine palmitoyltransferases 2 (CPT2) gene expression during duck adipocyte differentiation.Methods: Successful systems for the isolation, culture, and induction of duck primary fat cells was developed in the experiment. Using Illumina next-generation sequencing, the miRNAs libraries of duck adipocytes were established. miRanda was used to predict differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and their target genes. The expression patterns of miR-214 and CPT2 during the differentiation were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Luciferase reporter assays were used to explore the specific regions of CPT2 targeted by miR-214. We used a miR-214 over-expression strategy in vitro to further investigate its effect on differentiation process and CPT2 gene transcription.Results: There were 481 miRNAs identified in duck adipocytes, included 57 DE miRNA candidates. And the 1,046 targets genes of DE miRNAs were mainly involved in p53 signaling, FoxO signaling, and fatty acid metabolism pathways. miR-214 and CPT2 showed contrasting expression patterns before and after differentiation, and they were selected for further research. The expression of miR-214 was decreased during the first 3 days of duck adipocytes differentiation, and then increased, while the expression of CPT2 increased both in the transcriptional and protein level. The luciferase assay suggested that miR-214 targets the 3’untranslated region of CPT2. Overexpression of miR-214 not only promoted the formation of lipid droplets but also decreased the protein abundance of CPT2.Conclusion: Current study reports the expression profile of miRNAs in duck adipocytes differentiated for 4 days. And miR-214 has been proved to have the regulator potential for fat deposition in duck.

Composite Materials : SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSLNG OF METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES AND ITS EFFECTS ON COMPOSITES MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Guohong Xie Songchun Li,Wuxian Wang,Renjie Wu 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 1995 Advanced Material and Processing Vol.3 No.-

Assessment of Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of 15 Chinese Indigenous Chicken Breeds Using Microsatellite Markers

Chen, Guohong,Bao, Wenbin,Shu, Jingting,Ji, Congliang,Wang, Minqiang,Eding, Herwin,Muchadeyi, Farai,Weigend, Steffen Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.3

The genetic structure and diversity of 15 Chinese indigenous chicken breeds was investigated using 29 microsatellite markers. The total number of birds examined was 542, on average 36 birds per breed. A total of 277 alleles (mean number 9.55 alleles per locus, ranging from 2 to 25) was observed. All populations showed high levels of heterozygosity with the lowest estimate of 0.440 for the Gushi chickens, and the highest one of 0.644 observed for Wannan Three-yellow chickens. The global heterozygote deficit across all populations (FIT) amounted to 0.180 (p<0.001). About 16% of the total genetic variability originated from differences between breeds, with all loci contributing significantly to this differentiation. An unrooted consensus tree was constructed using the Neighbour-Joining method and pair-wise distances based on marker estimated kinships. Two main groups were found. The heavy-body type populations grouped together in one cluster while the light-body type populations formed the second cluster. The STRUCTURE software was used to assess genetic clustering of these chicken breeds. Similar to the phylogenetic analysis, the heavy-body type and light-body type populations separated first. Clustering analysis provided an accurate representation of the current genetic relations among the breeds. Remarkably similar breed rankings were obtained with all methods.

Magnetic Circuit Design and Numerical Study of Diverging Stepped Magnetofluid Seal with Small Clearance

Xiaolong Yang,Ruibo Zhang,Guohong Wang 한국자기학회 2020 Journal of Magnetics Vol.25 No.2

In order to obtain the maximum magnetic energy product in the sealing clearance of magnetofluid seal and improve its critical pressure, a diverging stepped magnetofluid seal with small clearance was designed based on the magnetic circuit design theory and the magnetofluid seal theory. Magnetic distribution and its theoretical critical pressure were calculated by the finite element method, which could prove the reliability of design method in the magnetic circuit. The paper studies the effects of axial clearance, radial clearance and pole tooth number on the pressure capabilities of diverging stepped magnetofluid seal in specific values, which were analyzed and compared in details. The results show that the magnetic flux leakage at the junction of the pole piece and the permanent magnet in the diverging stepped magnetofluid seal leads the theoretical critical pressure calculated by the magnetic circuit method to be lower than that calculated by the finite element method. Moreover, when the pole tooth number in the axial clearance is not less than the pole tooth number in the radial clearance, and the width of axial clearance is smaller than the height of radial clearance, the critical pressure of diverging stepped magnetofluid seal is better than that of the ordinary magnetofluid seal.

Computation and optimization of rack and pinion steering mechanism considering kingpin parameters and tire side slip angle

Xinqian Zhang,Farong Kou,Guohong Wang,Jianan Xu 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.1

In this paper, the parameter optimization and error analysis of the rack and pinion steering mechanism are carried out on the basis of considering the influence of kingpin parameters. The steering characteristic equation describing the motion of the steering mechanism is calculated by analyzing the spatial geometrical relationship between the wheel and kingpin and unifying the projection relation between the kingpin and the equivalent steering trapezoid. The ideal Ackermann equation is modified by the Ackermann rate and the kingpin parameters. The modified Ackermann equation is used as the objective function. The segmented fitness function and the evaluation function with weighted factors are designed. A genetic algorithm containing the three functions is used to optimize the parameters of the steering characteristic equation. The error analysis of the numerical example shows that the accuracy of steering trapezoid structure parameters, steering characteristic equation, and Ackermann equation is improved compared with that before optimization.

Association of Perceived Stress With Depression Among Vaccinated Healthcare Workers During the SARS-CoV-2 Variant Outbreak: The Mediating Role of Compassion Fatigue

Cai Xue,Li Guohong,Feng Haixia,Wang Xiaoyan,He Lijun,Luo Dan,Xu Cuirong,Huang Yingzi,Qiu Shanhu 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.4

Objective Depression was common during coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, while the association of perceived stress with depression among vaccinated healthcare workers has not been investigated. This study aimed to address this issue.Methods We included a total of 898 fully vaccinated healthcare workers during the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Delta variant in Nanjing, 2021. Depression was ascertained by Patient Health Questionnaire-9, with a cut-off score of ≥5 indicative of mild-to-severe depression. Perceived stress, resilience, and compassion fatigue were assessed by Perceived Stress Scale-10, Resilience Scale-25, and Professional Quality of Life Scale version-5, respectively. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), along with subgroup and mediation analyses.Results The prevalence of mild-to-severe depression was 41.1% in vaccinated healthcare workers. The odd of mild-to-severe depression was increased with higher perceived stress. Compared with vaccinated healthcare workers with the lowest tertile of perceived stress, those with the highest tertile had increased odds of mild-to-severe depression by 120% (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.46 to 3.31) after multivariable-adjustment. However, perceived stress was not associated with mild-to-severe depression in vaccinated healthcare workers with strong resilience, but was in those with weak resilience (p_interaction=0.004). Further analysis showed that compassion fatigue mediated the relationship between perceived stress and mild-to-severe depression, with a mediating effect of 49.7%.Conclusion Perceived stress was related to an increased odd of mild-to-severe depression in vaccinated healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic, and this relationship might be explained by compassion fatigue.

Effects of Sulfur Sources on the Microstructure and Photocatalytic Activity of ZnIn2S4 Microspheres

Shunsheng Chen,Shaozhen Li,Liangbin Xiong,Guohong Wang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.7

Two kinds of hexagonal ZnIn2S4 samples have been synthesized by applying different sulfur sources of cysteine and thioacetamide (TAA) in a hydrothermal process. The two samples have the same crystal structure but different visible-light absorption and photodegradation activity of methyl orange. The results of Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that, compared with ZnIn2S4 prepared using cysteine as sulfur source, ZnIn2S4 samples prepared using TAA possess much higher specific surface areas, smaller particle size and rather thinner nanosheets, which not only can enhance the adsorption of methyl orange on the surface of catalysts but also improve the transport efficiency of photogenerated charge carries.

Modeling and testing for continuously adjustable damping shock absorber equipped with proportional solenoid valve

Jianan Xu,Farong Kou,Xinqian Zhang,Guohong Wang 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.8

A vehicle's solenoid valve-actuated shock (SVSA) absorber is of wide interest because of its adjustable damping characteristics. The proportional solenoid valve is a pivotal component for commanding damping force, but the research on its model principle still needs to be improved. Therefore, this research aimed to establish an accurate model of the proportional solenoid valve composed of the pilot valve and relief valve. In the pilot valve, we proposed a valve spool structure using a two-stage combined throttling groove to control flow accurately. Then, the dynamic equation of the spool was established, and it is also considered that the magnetic saturation of soft magnetic materials impacts electromagnetic force. The flow force in the dynamic equation was numerically solved by the CFD method. The flow rate in the relief valve was analyzed from the deformation of the lamination valves and main valve plate through the small deflections thin plate theory. Then, the SVSA bench test was carried out. The results show good agreement between the test and calculation, and the maximum error is within 9 %. It is indicated that the model of the SVSA equipped with the proportional solenoid valve has high accuracy.

Culture-Positive Spontaneous Ascitic Infection in Patients with Acute Decompensated Cirrhosis: Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens and Antibiotic Strategies

Jing Liu,Yanhang Gao,Xianbo Wang,Zhiping Qian,Jinjun Chen,Yan Huang,Zhongji Meng,Xiaobo Lu,Guohong Deng,Feng Liu,Zhiguo Zhang,Hai Li,Xin Zheng 연세대학교의과대학 2020 Yonsei medical journal Vol.61 No.2

Purpose: This study investigated multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and antibiotic strategies of culture-positive spontaneousascitic infection (SAI) in patients with acute decompensated cirrhosis. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 432 acute decompensated cirrhotic patients with culture-positive SAI from11 teaching hospitals in China (January 2012 to May 2018). A Cox proportional hazards model analysis was conducted to identifyindependent predictors of 28-day mortality. Results: A total of 455 strains were isolated from 432 ascitic culture samples. Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), gram-positive bacteria(GPB), and fungi caused 52.3, 45.5, and 2.2% of all SAI episodes, respectively. Episodes were classified as nosocomial (41.2%), healthcare-related (34.7%), and community-acquired (24.1%). Escherichia coli (13.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (2.4%) were extendedspectrumβ-lactamase producing isolates. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 1.1%. Ceftazidime,cefepime, aztreonam, and amikacin were recommended as first-line antibiotics agents for non-MDR GNB infections; piperacillin/tazobactam and carbapenems for MDR GNB in community-acquired and healthcare-related or nosocomial infections, respectively;and vancomycin or linezolid for GPB infections, regardless of drug-resistance status. Multivariate analysis revealed days ofhospital stay before SAI, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, white blood cell count, alanine aminotransferase, serum creatinine concentration,total bilirubin, and international normalized ratio as key independent predictors of 28-day mortality. Conclusion: MDR pathogens and antibiotic strategies were identified in patients with acute decompensated cirrhosis with culture-positive SAI, which may help optimize therapy and improve clinical outcomes.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 and 6 regulate <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>-induced ethylene production in Arabidopsis

Han, Ling,Li, Guo-Jing,Yang, Kwang-Yeol,Mao, Guohong,Wang, Ruigang,Liu, Yidong,Zhang, Shuqun Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 The Plant journal Vol.64 No.1

<P>Summary</P><P>Plants challenged by pathogens, especially necrotrophic fungi such as <I>Botrytis cinerea</I>, produce high levels of ethylene. At present, the signaling pathways underlying the induction of ethylene after pathogen infection are largely unknown. MPK6, an Arabidopsis stress-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was previously shown to regulate the stability of ACS2 and ACS6, two type I ACS isozymes (1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase). Phosphorylation of ACS2 and ACS6 by MPK6 prevents rapid degradation of ACS2/ACS6 by the 26S proteasome pathway, resulting in an increase in cellular ACS activity and ethylene biosynthesis. Here, we show that MPK3, which shares high homology and common upstream MAPK kinases with MPK6, is also capable of phosphorylating ACS2 and ACS6. In the <I>mpk3</I> mutant background, ethylene production in gain-of-function <I>GVG-NtMEK2</I><SUP><I>DD</I></SUP> transgenic plants was compromised, suggesting that MPK6 and MPK3 function together to stabilize ACS2 and ACS6. Using a liquid-cultured seedling system, we found that <I>B. cinerea</I>-induced ethylene biosynthesis was greatly compromised in <I>mpk3/mpk6</I> double mutant seedlings. In contrast, ethylene production decreased only slightly in the <I>mpk6</I> single mutant and not at all in the <I>mpk3</I> single mutant, demonstrating overlapping roles for these two highly homologous MAPKs in pathogen-induced ethylene induction. Consistent with the role of MPK3/MPK6 in the process, mutation of <I>ACS2</I> and <I>ACS6</I>, two genes encoding downstream substrates of MPK3/MPK6, also reduced <I>B. cinerea</I>-induced ethylene production. The residual levels of ethylene induction in the <I>acs2/acs6</I> double mutant suggest the involvement of additional ACS isoforms, possibly regulated by MAPK-independent pathway(s).</P>