Laparoscopic radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection and ileal orthotopic neobladder by a total extraperitoneal approach: Our initial technique and short-term outcomes

Guanqun Zhu,Zongliang Zhang,Kai Zhao,Xinbao Yin,Yulian Zhang,Zhenlin Wang,Chen Li,Yuanming Sui,Xueyu Li,Han Yang,Nianzeng Xing,Ke Wang 대한비뇨의학회 2022 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.63 No.5

Purpose: With the increasing application of laparoscopic or robot-assisted radical cystectomy, a reliable and promising method is needed for reducing postoperative complications. We describe the short-term outcomes of totally extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical cystectomy (TELRC) with extraperitoneal pelvic lymph node dissection (EPLND) and extraperitoneal ileal orthotopic neobladder (EION) techniques. Materials and Methods: From January 2020 to December 2021, we performed TELRC and EPLND with EION in 72 patients in our center. The accompanying video highlights our novel techniques. The patients’ demographic data, intraoperative data, and perioperative complications were collected, and short-term oncological and functional results are reported. Results: All procedures were technically successful without conversion to open surgery. The patients’ mean body mass index was 26.22±5.71. Median age was 57.51±12.34 years. Average hospital stay was 13.78±4.62 days. Median intraoperative blood loss was 112.92±88.56 mL. No blood transfusion was needed during the operations and only one blood transfusion was performed during the perioperative period. Mean operating time was 259.44±49.84 minutes. Average cost was US$9,875.71±1,873.08. Postoperative short-term complications included short-term ileus (n=3), infection (n=13), leakage of urine (n=11), and lymph fistula (n=7). One late complication of unilateral vesicoureteral anastomotic stenosis occurred. The mean follow-up was 13.42±8.77 months, and no patient developed local or systemic recurrence. The short-term follow-up and small cohort of patients limited our evaluation of outcomes. Conclusions: TELRC with PLND and EION was technically feasible and clinically promising, with a reduced potential harm of postoperative complications. Long-term follow-up and a larger cohort of patients are needed for further study.

Regulation of Colonic Mucosal MicroRNA Expression via Multiple Targets in Visceral Hypersensitivity Rats by Tongxieyaofang

Guanqun Chao,Yingying Wang,Fangxu Ye,Shuo Zhang 연세대학교의과대학 2018 Yonsei medical journal Vol.59 No.8

Purpose: This study aimed to screen for differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in the colons of rats with visceral hypersensitivityto build the expression profiles of miRNAs therein and to determine the mechanism of Tongxieyaofang use in thetreatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Materials and Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into four groups: control group, model control group(induced by rectum stimulus and evaluated by abdominal withdraw reaction), treatment control group (normal saline), andTongxieyaofang group (treated with Tongxieyaofang). We screened for differential expression of colonic mucosal miRNAs usingliquid chip technology and verified the expression thereof using reverse transcription-PCR. Results: The visceral hypersensitivity rat model was successfully established. We found the expression of let-7f, let-7i, miR-130b,miR-29a, miR-132, miR-21, and miR-375 to be up-regulated (p<0.05), while the expression of miR-24, miR-31a, miR-192, miR-221,and miR-223 was down-regulated (p<0.05) in the visceral hypersensitivity rats. After treatment with Tongxieyaofang, the expressionof let-7f, let-7i, miR-130b, miR-29a, miR-132, miR-21, and miR-375 was reduced (p<0.05), whereas the expression of miR-24,miR-31a, miR-192, miR-221, miR-223 was increased, compared to the treatment control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: MiRNAs play a pivotal role in visceral hypersensitivity and might be targets in the treatment of IBS by Tongxieyaofang.

Grape Seed Extracts Inhibit the Overexpression of Inflammatory Cytokines in Mouse Retinas and ARPE-19 Cells: Potentially Useful Dietary Supplement for Age-Related Eye Dysfunction

Zeying Chu,Guanqun Ma,Xiangjun Sun,Zhihan Xu,Jianhua Zhang 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.5

Aging can cause retinal degeneration, which leads to visual impairment among the elderly population. Age-dependent increases in amyloid beta (Aβ) inducesinflammatory cytokine overexpression in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which promotes the progression of age-related retinal degeneration. However, whether dietary antioxidants are useful for the treatment of RPE degeneration remains to be clarified. This study exposited the protective activities and underlying mechanisms of grape seed extracts (GSEs) against Aβ-induced proinflammatory events in mouse retinas and ARPE-19 cells. The experimental data demonstrated that GSEs attenuated the increases in messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of interleukin 12 (IL-12), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and interleukin 18 (IL-18) in the retinal tissues of Aβ-treated mice. The experimental results in mice were confirmed by findings in ARPE-19 cells with or without treatment with GSEs. GSEs affected the protein expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers in ARPE-19 cells exposed to Aβ. Knockdown of Bip blocked the inhibitory activities of GSEs on mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-8. We conclude that GSEs may suppress proinflammatory cytokines partly by increasing the expression of Bip.

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in southern China from 2007 to 2014

Qiwen Wu,Zhili Li,Guanqun Zhang,Jianqiang Niu,Xiduo Zeng,Baoli Sun,Jingyun Ma 대한수의학회 2017 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.18 No.3

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has a high degree of genetic variation. In this study, we characterized the genetic variation and evolutionary relationships among circulating PRRSV strains in southern China. We analyzed 29 NSP2 strains and 150 ORF5 strains from clinical samples collected in southern China during 2007–2014. The alignment results showed that the nucleotide identity similarities of the two genes among these strains were 80.5%–99.7% and 80.9%–100%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the NSP2 gene showed that highly pathogenic (HP)-PRRSV was still the dominant virus in southern China from 2013 to 2014. Compared with reference strains CH-1a and VR-2332, the field strain 131101-GD-SHC, which shared high homology with JXA1-P170, had a novel 12 amino acid deletion at position 499-510. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ORF5 gene showed that HP-PRRSV, VR2332-like strains, and QYYZ-like strains were simultaneously circulating in southern China from 2007 to 2014, suggesting that, in recent years, the type 2 PRRSV was more diverse in southern China. In conclusion, mutations in the decoy epitope and primary neutralizing epitope could be markers of viral evolution and used to study evolutionary relationships among PRRSV strains in China.

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of pseudorabies virus variants isolated from Guangdong province of southern China during 2013–2014

Jindai Fan,Xiduo Zeng,Guanqun Zhang,Qiwen Wu,Jianqiang Niu,Baoli Sun,Qingmei Xie,Jingyun Ma 대한수의학회 2016 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.17 No.3

Outbreaks of pseudorabies (PR) have occurred in southern China since late 2011, resulting in significant economic impacts on the swine industry. To identify the cause of PR outbreaks, especially among vaccinated pigs, 11 pseudorabies virus (PRV) field strains were isolated from Guangdong province during 2013–2014. Their major viral genes (gE, TK, gI, PK, gD, 11K, and 28K) were analyzed in this study. Insertions or deletions were observed in gD, gE, gI and PK genes compared with other PRV isolates from all over the world. Furthermore, sequence alignment showed that insertions in gD and gE were unique molecular characteristics of the new prevalent PRV strains in China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that our isolates were clustered in an independent branch together with other strains isolated from China in recent years, and that they showed a closer genetic relationship with earlier isolates from Asia. Our results suggest that these isolates are novel PRV variants with unique molecular signatures.

Sequence analysis of the spike gene of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus isolated from South China during 2011–2015

Xiaoya Zhao,Zhili Li,Xiduo Zeng,Guanqun Zhang,Jianqiang Niu,Baoli Sun,Jingyun Ma 대한수의학회 2017 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.18 No.2

The spike gene of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was sequenced from 55 South China field strains isolated from pigs with symptoms of diarrhea. The sequences were compared within the set of field strains as well as with reference strains available in GenBank. Within the 55 South China PEDV field strains, the deduced amino acid sequence identities ranged from 93.8% to 99.9 % and ranged from 90.7% to 99.5% when compared with the foreign reference strains in GenBank. Our phylogenetic analysis showed that 10 of the 55 South China PEDV strains belonged to G1b and 45 belonged to G2b.