Energy Analysis of Hydraulic Fracturing

Aliakbar Golshani,Thanh Tran-Cong 대한토목학회 2009 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.13 No.4

In this paper, numerical simulations of circular boreholes under internal hydraulic pressure are carried out to investigate the energy transferred to the surrounding rock and the breakdown pressure. The simulation results suggest that the borehole breakdown pressure and the energy transferred to the surrounding rock are dependent on the mechanical properties of the rock and borehole size. Although the energy transferred to the surrounding rock increases with increasing borehole size, the borehole breakdown pressure decreases. In this paper, numerical simulations of circular boreholes under internal hydraulic pressure are carried out to investigate the energy transferred to the surrounding rock and the breakdown pressure. The simulation results suggest that the borehole breakdown pressure and the energy transferred to the surrounding rock are dependent on the mechanical properties of the rock and borehole size. Although the energy transferred to the surrounding rock increases with increasing borehole size, the borehole breakdown pressure decreases.

Association of TNF-α 308 G/A Polymorphism With Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study in the Iranian Kurdish Ethnic Group

Hasan Golshani,Karimeh Haghani,Majid Dousti,Salar Bakhtiyari 질병관리본부 2015 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.6 No.2

Objectives: Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays roles in the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and possibility of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of the current study was to evaluate the association of TNF-α promoter-308 G/A polymorphism with T2DM. Methods: In all, 1038 patients with T2DM and 1023 normoglycemic controls were included in this study. All participants were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Genotypic and allelic frequencies were then analyzed in each group. Serum lipids, fasting glucose, fasting serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and hemoglogin A1c levels were determined by conventional methods. Results: The allelic frequency of the A allele was significantly different between case and control participants (p = 0.006). Genotypes GA and AA were found to be significantly associated with 2.24- and 3.18-fold increased risk for T2DM, respectively. Similarly, the dominant model of -308 G/A polymorphism was found to have a higher risk for T2DM (odds ratio = 2.34, p = 0.001). Individuals with T2DM carrying the GA ┼ AA genotypes of -308 G/A variation had significantly lower fasting plasma insulin than those carrying GG genotype. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that there is an association between the TNF-α promoter -308 G/A polymorphism and T2DM in this population.

In silico analysis of Brucella abortus Omp2b and in vitro expression of SOmp2b

Maryam Golshani,Nafise Vaeznia,Mehdi Sahmani,Saeid Bouzari 대한백신학회 2016 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.5 No.1

Purpose: At present, there is no vaccine available for the prevention of human brucellosis. Brucella outer membrane protein 2b (Omp2b) is a 36 kD porin existed in common Brucella pathogens and it is considered as priority antigen for designing a new subunit vaccine. Materials and Methods: In the current study, we aimed to predict and analyze the secondary and tertiary structures of the Brucella abortus Omp2b protein, and to predict T-cell and B-cell epitopes with the help of bioinformatics tools. Subsequently, cloning and expression of the short form of Omp2b (SOmp2b) was performed using pET28a expression vector and Escherichia coli BL21 host, respectively. The recombinant SOmp2b (rSOmp2b) was purified with Ni-NTA column. Results: The recombinant protein was successfully expressed in E. coli host and purified under denaturation conditions. The yield of the purified rSOmp2b was estimated by Bradford method and found to be 220 μg/mL of the culture. Conclusion: Our results indicate that Omp2b protein has a potential to induce both B-cell. and T-cell.mediated immune responses and it can be evaluated as a new subunit vaccine candidate against brucellosis.

Studying the Amount of Depression and its Role in Predicting the Quality of Life of Women with Breast Cancer

Shakeri, Jalal,Golshani, Sanobar,Jalilian, Elham,Farnia, Vahid,Nooripour, Roghieh,Alikhani, Mostafa,Yaghoobi, Kianoosh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.2

Background: Depression is the most common psychological reactions in women with breast cancer. This study aimed at investigating the amount of depression and its role in predicting the quality of life of women suffering from breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study in volved a correlation method with 98 women living in Kermanshah-Iran with breast cancer. According to the access to the patients and the condition of conducting the research, they were chosen by available sampling. Life quality inventory (World Health Organization, 1989) and depression inventory (Beck et al., 2000) were used to gather the data. Moreover, to analyze the relationships among the variables correlation analysis with Pearson method, as well as multiple regression with the enter method and frequency analysis were applied. Results: The findings revealed that not only is depression high, but also there is a negative significant relationship between depression and the quality of life, with predictive potential. Conclusions: The finding of a relationship between depression and the quality of life points to the need for addressing psychological problems of the affected individuals more appropriately. It is suggested that we consider psychological and educational services for patients in treatment planning to make people aware of different psychological aspects of their disease and ways of struggling and overcoming the problems.

Rock failure assessment based on crack density and anisotropy index variations during triaxial loading tests

Panaghi, Kamran,Golshani, Aliakbar,Takemura, Takato Techno-Press 2015 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.9 No.6

Characterization of discontinuous media is an endeavor that poses great challenge to engineers in practice. Since the inherent defects in cracked domains can substantially influence material resistance and govern its behavior, a lot of work is dedicated to efficiently model such effects. In order to overcome difficulties of material instability problems, one needs to comprehensively represent the geometry of cracks along with their impact on the mechanical properties of the intact material. In the present study, stress-strain results from laboratory experiments on Inada granite was used to derive crack tensor as a tool for the evaluation of fractured domain stability. It was found that the formulations proposed earlier could satisfactorily be employed to attain crack tensor via the invariants of which judgment on cracks population and induced anisotropy is possible. The earlier criteria based on crack tensor analyses were reviewed and compared to the results of the current study. It is concluded that the geometrical parameters calculated using mechanical properties could confidently be used to judge the anisotropy as well as strength of the cracked domain.

Planning in-home activities in the ADAPTS activity-based model: a joint model of activity type and duration

Ramin Shabanpour,Nima Golshani,Mehran Fasihozaman Langerudi,Abolfazl (Kouros) Mohammadian 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2018 도시과학국제저널 Vol.22 No.2

The role of in-home activities in the process of planning and scheduling of individuals’ daily activities has been traditionally ignored because of two reasons: (i) in-home activities are not directly involved with trips; and (ii) scarcity of data sources that provide required details on planning and scheduling of these activities. However, considering the interchangeable nature of out-of-home and in-home activities, and the significant effects that they have on each other, we argue that failing to incorporate in-home activities may result in overestimating frequency and duration of out-of-home activities, which may lead to inconsistent and unrealistic activity schedules. Recently, we have upgraded the ADAPTS activity-based model to account for planning and scheduling of both in-home and out-of-home activities. This paper aims to enhance the in-home activity planning module by modelling the type and duration of the in-home activities in a joint structure. To achieve this goal, using the American Time Use Survey data, we estimate joint discrete-continuous models, in which activity type and activity duration are estimated by a multinomial logit and a log-linear regression model, respectively. The joint structure of these two models is established using copula approach that captures the unobserved shared factors affecting the two activity attributes. The results indicate that the estimated joint models significantly outperform the independent models in terms of goodness-of-fit and prediction accuracy.

New cut-off point for D-dimer in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism during pregnancy

Somayeh Sadeghi,Marjan Golshani,Bahareh Safaeian 대한혈액학회 2021 Blood Research Vol.56 No.3

Background Considering that pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the leading causes of mortality among pregnant women and that the D-dimer level in pregnancy can be highly fluctuating, a new and reliable D-dimer reference value is essential to identifying PE in this group of patients. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic effect of D-dimer testing in pregnant women with suspected PE. Methods This study recruited 100 women with confirmed pregnancy or six weeks after delivery or abortion with suspected PE symptoms. Wells criteria, D-dimer values, and pregnancy trimesters were recorded. Definitive PE results were obtained using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) or pulmonary ventilation/perfusion scans. Results D-dimer cut-off point in PE diagnosis was higher than 1,447 g/L [sensitivity, 87.5%; specificity, 63.04%; area under the curve (AUC)=0.735; P=0.003]. In addition, the combination of Wells criteria with the D-dimer test indicated that the cut-off points of D-dimer in PE likely and unlikely women were 1,962 and 1,447 g/L, respectively, and had acceptable and significant diagnostic value in PE detection. In addition, the diagnostic value of D-dimer in pregnancy trimesters was not found to be significant (P>0.05). Conclusion The new cut-off points of 1,447 and 1,962 g/L were determined for D-dimer in pregnant women with likely and unlikely PE, respectively. Moreover, the new cut-off points in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy were 1,701 g/L and 1,451 g/L, respectively, which indicated no statistically acceptable diagnostic value.

Systematic Review and Comparative Meta-Analysis of Outcomes Following Pedicled Muscle versus Fasciocutaneous Flap Coverage for Complex Periprosthetic Wounds in Patients with Total Knee Arthroplasty

James M. Economides,Michael V. DeFazio,Kayvon Golshani,Mark Cinque,Ersilia L. Anghel,Christopher E Attinger,Karen Kim Evans 대한성형외과학회 2017 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.44 No.2

Background In cases of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) threatened by potential hardware exposure, flap-based reconstruction is indicated to provide durable coverage. Historically, muscle flaps were favored as they provide vascular tissue to an infected wound bed. However, data comparing the performance of muscle versus fasciocutaneous flaps are limited and reflect a lack of consensus regarding the optimal management of these wounds. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of muscle versus fasciocutaneous flaps following the salvage of compromised TKA. Methods A systematic search and meta-analysis were performed to identify patients with TKA who underwent either pedicled muscle or fasciocutaneous flap coverage of periprosthetic knee defects. Studies evaluating implant/limb salvage rates, ambulatory function, complications, and donor-site morbidity were included in the comparative analysis. Results A total of 18 articles, corresponding to 172 flaps (119 muscle flaps and 53 fasciocutaneous flaps) were reviewed. Rates of implant salvage (88.8% vs. 90.1%, P=0.05) and limb salvage (89.8% vs. 100%, P=0.14) were comparable in each cohort. While overall complication rates were similar (47.3% vs. 44%, P=0.78), the rates of persistent infection (16.4% vs. 0%, P=0.14) and recurrent infection (9.1% vs. 4%, P=0.94) tended to be higher in the muscle flap cohort. Notably, functional outcomes and ambulation rates were sparingly reported. Conclusions Rates of limb and prosthetic salvage were comparable following muscle or fasciocutaneous flap coverage of compromised TKA. The functional morbidity associated with muscle flap harvest, however, may support the use of fasciocutaneous flaps for coverage of these defects, particularly in young patients and/or high-performance athletes.

Systematic Review and Comparative Meta-Analysis of Outcomes Following Pedicled Muscle versus Fasciocutaneous Flap Coverage for Complex Periprosthetic Wounds in Patients with Total Knee Arthroplasty

Economides, James M.,DeFazio, Michael V.,Golshani, Kayvon,Cinque, Mark,Anghel, Ersilia L.,Attinger, Christopher E.,Evans, Karen Kim Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2017 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.44 No.2

Background In cases of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) threatened by potential hardware exposure, flap-based reconstruction is indicated to provide durable coverage. Historically, muscle flaps were favored as they provide vascular tissue to an infected wound bed. However, data comparing the performance of muscle versus fasciocutaneous flaps are limited and reflect a lack of consensus regarding the optimal management of these wounds. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of muscle versus fasciocutaneous flaps following the salvage of compromised TKA. Methods A systematic search and meta-analysis were performed to identify patients with TKA who underwent either pedicled muscle or fasciocutaneous flap coverage of periprosthetic knee defects. Studies evaluating implant/limb salvage rates, ambulatory function, complications, and donor-site morbidity were included in the comparative analysis. Results A total of 18 articles, corresponding to 172 flaps (119 muscle flaps and 53 fasciocutaneous flaps) were reviewed. Rates of implant salvage (88.8% vs. 90.1%, P=0.05) and limb salvage (89.8% vs. 100%, P=0.14) were comparable in each cohort. While overall complication rates were similar (47.3% vs. 44%, P=0.78), the rates of persistent infection (16.4% vs. 0%, P=0.14) and recurrent infection (9.1% vs. 4%, P=0.94) tended to be higher in the muscle flap cohort. Notably, functional outcomes and ambulation rates were sparingly reported. Conclusions Rates of limb and prosthetic salvage were comparable following muscle or fasciocutaneous flap coverage of compromised TKA. The functional morbidity associated with muscle flap harvest, however, may support the use of fasciocutaneous flaps for coverage of these defects, particularly in young patients and/or high-performance athletes.

Attachment Style and Resiliency in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Ali Zakiei,Mostafa Alikhani,Vahid Farnia,Zinab Khkian,Jalal Shakeri,Sanobar Golshani 대한가정의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.38 No.1

Background: The goal of the present study was to determine the relationships between attachment styles and resil-iency in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.Methods: A random sample of 260 subjects was obtained from the population of undergraduate students of the Nour Branch of Islamic Azad University, which is located in Mazandaran, and these subjects were enrolled in this descriptive and correlational study. The collected data included the subjects’ responses to an adult attachment style questionnaire, resilience scale, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder questionnaire. The data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient indices and multiple regressions.Results: The results of the data analysis showed a positive correlation (relationship) between ambivalent/avoidant attachment styles and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and a negative correlation between resilience and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Furthermore, these results demonstrated that attachment style and resiliency can predict obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. In addition, no significant relationships were found between the demographic variables (convertibles) and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.Conclusion: These results suggested that attachment style and resiliency contribute to the development of obses-sive-compulsive personality disorder.