신채호의 투쟁적 자아관

신정근(Jeong-geun Shin) 한국철학회 2011 철학 Vol.0 No.109

신채호는 다변의 시대를 살아간 복합적 특성의 인물이다. 필자는 그의 사상을 해명하기 위해서 여러 가지 방식이 있겠지만 여기서는 천하(가족) 대 국가와 민족, 시비 도덕 대 이해 도덕, 대인과 소인 대 대아와 소아의 틀로 분석했다. 신채호는 20세기를 국가 주도의 시대로 보았다. 하지만 국가의 상실로 인해 그는 국가를 형식적 국가와 정신적 국가로, 자아를 소아와 대아로 구분하여, 대아가 정신적 국가를 보전하여 상실된 국가를 탈환하고자 했다. 이를 위해 그는 아(我)를 아지아(我之我)와 아지비아(我之非我)로 구분하고서 아지비아, 즉 내부의 적을 제거하여 아지아의 역량을 증대시키고자 했다. 아울러 그는 대아가 전제된 상황에서 비아의 투쟁을 승리로 이끌기 위해서 교육 중 체육(體育)과 정육(情育 또는 貞育)의 가치를 높이 쳤다. 신채호는 독립과 해방을 위해 투쟁을 역사와 현실의 동력으로 보았다는 점에서 투쟁적 자아관을 주장했다고 할 수 있다. 이는 전근대 개인과 개인, 개인과 사회, 개인과 공동체의 조화를 핵심 가치로 삼았던 조화적 자아관과 날카롭게 대립한다. 신채호는 20세기 초 국권 상실의 상황에서 사람들이 웃고 비웃으며 떠드는 성공과 실패의 언어를 수집하여, ‘실패’에서 결과에 개의치 않고 끊임없이 분투하는 인간을 찾아내고 ‘성공’에서 결과에 조바심내면서 자신의 작은 몫을 지키기 위해 온갖 편법을 일삼는 타락의 징후를 읽어냈다. 실패야말로 상실의 시대에 사람이 사람다워지려면 반드시 겪어야만 하는 소명의 초대장이기 때문이다. 그래서 나는 마지막으로 신채호가 실패의 존재론을 쓰게 되었다고 말하고 싶다. Shin Chae-ho is a complicated figure who lived in age of rapid changes. To explain thought of Shin Chae-ho, I want to use the frame of opposing concept, namely, family world vs nation state, righteousness vs interests, spiritual person (大人) and material person(小人) vs true self(大我) and false self(小我). Shin Chae-ho regarded the first half of the twentieth century as the nation state-oriented times. But owing to his country’s ruination, he divided nation state into formal state and spiritual state, and self into false-temporary self and true-authentic self. He thought that if we preserve true-authentic self and spiritual state, sometime will retake our own country. Moreover to accomplish his historical task, he split self up into self within self(我之我) and non-self within self(我之非我). We have to ardently get rid of non-self within self(我之非我), that is to say an enemy within, but promote the power of self within self. To wage a war of liberation, he emphasized physical education and. cultivation of aesthetic sentiment(情育 or 美育). Shin Chae-ho thought that his purpose is very difficult. Though he failed in the war of liberation in spite of his efforts, don’t be discouraged. After numerous failure, sometime finally succeed in homeland emancipation. Because of his glorification of failure, I want to name Shin Chae-ho’s thought as failure ontology.

A Highly Sensitive Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization–Time of Flight/Mass Spectrometric Assay for the Quantitation of 4-Beta-Hydroxycholesterol and Its Application to in vivo Cytochrome P450 3a Induction by AGM-130

Shin, Seok-Ho,Park, Min-Ho,Byeon, Jin-Ju,Kim, Yong-Chul,Shin, Young Geun Taylor Francis 2015 JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND RELATED TECHN Vol.38 No.18

<P>A liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-TOF/MS) method was developed for the determination of 4-beta-hydroxycholesterol (4-HC) in rat plasma, to evaluate cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) induction liability of a novel cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) inhibitor, AGM-130. The method consisted of sample preparation without derivatization reagents for high sensitivity such as picolinyl ester, which could be labor-intensive and time consuming. The 4% bovine serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline as a surrogate matrix was used in the calibration curve and quality control samples for the determination of 4-HC. Stable isotope-labeled (SIL) 4-HC (d7-4-HC) was used as an internal standard. A quadratic regression (weighted 1/concentration), with an equation y=ax(2)+bx+c, was used to fit calibration curves over the concentration range of 3.01-2220ng/mL for 4-HC. For quality control samples at 15.0, 165, and 1820ng/mL from the qualification experiment, the within-run accuracy ranged from 95% to 105% with precision values 10% for 4-HC. This novel LC-ESI-TOF/MS method was successfully applied to evaluate the potential of CYP3A induction by 5-hydroxy-5-nitro-indirubin oxime (AGM-130) in rat.</P>

Research on the Syntactic, Lexical, and Stylistic Features of Chinese Legislative Discourse

Geun-young SHIN 세계한자학회 2023 世界漢字硏究 Vol.6 No.2

The subject of this paper is the language usage within legal discourse, with the corpus sourced from the legislation of the People’s Republic of China. Zhang Deming (1989) believes that “register is a scientific term in the category of language stylistics, a ‘functional style’ of language formed due to different communicative functions of language use. This system has a series of commonalities in linguistic materials (elements) and rhetorical methods, and there are a series of differences and corresponding patterns between different systems.” According to his view, the legal register has distinctive features which differ from other registers. This paper describes and interprets the syntactic, lexical, and register aspects of legal discourse, along with the linguistic style inherent in legal language.

Molecular Cloning and mRNA Expression a Glutathione S-Transferase cDNA from the Spider, Araneus ventricosus

( Geun Ho Shin ),( Hyung Suk Kim ),( Dong Wook Kwon ),( Jin Young Lee ),( Gyeong Min Byeon ),( Hung Dae Sohn ),( Byung Rae Jin ) 한국잠사학회 2004 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.9 No.1

Independent dose verification system with Monte Carlo simulations using TOPAS for passive scattering proton therapy at the National Cancer Center in Korea

Shin, Wook-Geun,Testa, Mauro,Kim, Hak Soo,Jeong, Jong Hwi,Lee, Se Byeong,Kim, Yeon-Joo,Min, Chul Hee IOP 2017 Physics in medicine & biology Vol.62 No.19

<P>For the independent validation of treatment plans, we developed a fully automated Monte Carlo (MC)-based patient dose calculation system with the tool for particle simulation (TOPAS) and proton therapy machine installed at the National Cancer Center in Korea to enable routine and automatic dose recalculation for each patient. The proton beam nozzle was modeled with TOPAS to simulate the therapeutic beam, and MC commissioning was performed by comparing percent depth dose with the measurement. The beam set-up based on the prescribed beam range and modulation width was automated by modifying the vendor-specific method. The CT phantom was modeled based on the DICOM CT files with TOPAS-built-in function, and an in-house-developed C++ code directly imports the CT files for positioning the CT phantom, RT-plan file for simulating the treatment plan, and RT-structure file for applying the Hounsfield unit (HU) assignment, respectively. The developed system was validated by comparing the dose distributions with those calculated by the treatment planning system (TPS) for a lung phantom and two patient cases of abdomen and internal mammary node. The results of the beam commissioning were in good agreement of up to 0.8 mm<SUP>2</SUP> <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\rm g}^{-1}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9155/62/19/7598/pmbaa8663ieqn001.gif'/> for B8 option in both of the beam range and the modulation width of the spread-out Bragg peaks. The beam set-up technique can predict the range and modulation width with an accuracy of 0.06% and 0.51%, respectively, with respect to the prescribed range and modulation in arbitrary points of B5 option (128.3, 132.0, and 141.2 mm<SUP>2</SUP> <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\rm g}^{-1}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9155/62/19/7598/pmbaa8663ieqn002.gif'/> of range). The dose distributions showed higher than 99% passing rate for the 3D gamma index (3 mm distance to agreement and 3% dose difference) between the MC simulations and the clinical TPS in the target volume. However, in the normal tissues, less favorable agreements were obtained for the radiation treatment planning with the lung phantom and internal mammary node cases. The discrepancies might come from the limitations of the clinical TPS, which is the inaccurate dose calculation algorithm for the scattering effect, in the range compensator and inhomogeneous material. Moreover, the steep slope of the compensator, conversion of the HU values to the human phantom, and the dose calculation algorithm for the HU assignment also could be reasons of the discrepancies. The current study could be used for the independent dose validation of treatment plans including high inhomogeneities, the steep compensator, and riskiness such as lung, head & neck cases. According to the treatment policy, the dose discrepancies predicted with MC could be used for the acceptance decision of the original treatment plan.</P>

Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of Bloodstream Isolates of Candida albicans from a University Hospital over a Five-Year Period

Shin Jong Hee,Og Yu Gyung,Cho Duck,Kee Seung Jung,Shin Myung Geun,Suh Soon Pal,Ryang Dong Wook The Microbiological Society of Korea 2005 The journal of microbiology Vol.43 No.6

We assessed the genetic relations and epidemiological links among bloodstream isolates of Candida albicans, which were obtained from a university hospital over a period of five years. The 54 bloodstream isolates from the 38 patients yielded 14 different karyotypes, 29 different patterns after digestion with SfiI (REAG-S), and 31 different patterns after digestion with BssHII (REAG-B) when analyzed using three different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing methods. In 11 patients with serial blood stream isolates, all strains from each patient had the same PFGE pattern. The dendrograms for all of the strains revealed that the distribution of similarity values ranged from 0.70 to 1.0 in the REAG-S patterns, and from 0.35 to 1.0 in the REAG-B patterns. Overall, the combination of the three different PFGE methods identified 31 distinct types, reflecting the results obtained using the REAG-B alone different. different Five PFGE types were shared among 22 isolates from 12 patients. These types of strains were more frequently associated with central venous catheter-related fungemia than the other 26 type strains $(92\%\;versus\;31\%;\;P<0.005)$. Of five PFGE types, four isolates were determined to be epidemiologically related: each of these types was primarily from two or three patients who had been hospitalized concurrently within the same intensive care unit. Our results suggest that the REAG-B constitutes perhaps the most useful PFGE method for investigating C. albicans candidemia and also shows that a relatively high proportion of C. albicans candidemia may be associated with exogenous acquisition of clonal strains.

Serum Level of Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin and Genetic Polymorphisms of Cytochrome P4502E1 in Patients with Alcoholism

Shin, Myung Geun,Ryang, Dong Wook 대한진단검사의학회 2004 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.24 No.3

Underwater sound characteristics of gray whale(eschrichtius robustus)

Shin, Ang-Geun,Lee, Young-Hoon,Seo, Du-Ok,Lee, Dae-Jae,Hwang, Doo-Jin,Kim, Zang-Geum,Lee, Yoo-Won 부경대학교 수산과학연구소 2004 硏究業績集 Vol.29 No.-

Corni fructus ameliorates menopause symptom in 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide

Shin, Dasom,Koh, Myeong Shin,Lee, Sangchul,Lee, Da Hye,Kang, Geun-Hyung,Kim, Sejun,Jang, Dae Sik,Hwang, Deok-Sang,Kim, Youn-Sub,Bae, Hyunsu THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF TOXICOGENOMICS AND TOXICOPRP 2018 MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR TOXICOLOGY Vol. No.

Menopause is considered to mean falling levels of ovarian estradiol and progesterone. Menopause syndrome can lead to hot flashes, headaches, and depression etc. Corni Fructus (CF) was used as a therapeutic herbal medicine for treating various diseases such as pain, diabetic nephropathy and tuberculosis. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of CF in follicle depletion of a mice model using the industrial chemical 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD). VCD directly targets prenatal follicles. Mice were injected with VCD (160 mg/kg) daily for 15 days and administered CF 18 times after VCD injection. CF treatment reduced body weight, tail skin temperature, and uterus weight. In addition, CF treatment significantly decreased total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio, and osteocalcin levels as well as correcting skin temperature. These results support the therapeutic potential of CF for those who suffer from menopause symptoms.

A Monte Carlo study of an energy-weighted algorithm for radionuclide analysis with a plastic scintillation detector

Shin, Wook-Geun,Lee, Hyun-Cheol,Choi, Chang-Il,Park, Chang Soo,Kim, Hong-Suk,Min, Chul Hee Elsevier 2015 Applied radiation and isotopes Vol.101 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Nuisance and false alarms due to naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) are major problems facing radiation portal monitors (RPMs) for the screening of illicit radioactive materials in airports and ports. Based on energy-weighted counts, we suggest an algorithm that distinguishes radioactive nuclides with a plastic scintillation detector that has poor energy resolution. Our simulation study, using a Monte Carlo method, demonstrated that man-made radionuclides can be separated from NORM by using a conventional RPM.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Radiation portal monitor using plastic scintillator was modeled and the energy spectra of six radionuclides were assessed. </LI> <LI> Energy-weighted algorithm which enables radionuclide analysis with plastic scintillator was suggested and evaluated. </LI> <LI> The cases of moving and shielding effect were evaluated and simultaneous radionuclide identification was carried out. </LI> <LI> Analysis of the simulated spectra with suggested method shows clear results to enable the radionuclide identification. </LI> </UL> </P>