Hydrothermal Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterization of a Microporous 3D Pillared-Layer 3d-4f Copper-Holmium Heterometallic Coordination Polymer

Fan, Le-Qing,Wu, Ji-Huai,Huang, Yun-Fang,Lin, Jian-Ming,Wei, Yue-Lin Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.6

Construction and Application of Low Cellulase-producing Bacillus licheniformis Strains for Bio-pulping of Bamboo

Le Xue,Haihong Han,Han Fan,Piwu Li,Tengfei Wang,Jing Xiao,Ruiming Wang,Junqing Wang 한국생물공학회 2019 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.24 No.5

To prevent cellulose loss during bio-pulping, two cellulase genes in Bacillus licheniformis 20085 were knocked out by homologous exchange technique. An engineering strain B. licheniformis 20085Δcelb was significantly compromised the ability to disintegrate filter paper compared to the original strain. After fermentation for 60 h, the CMCase activity value decreased from 1.86 to 0.50 U/mL, suggesting that the celb gene played an important role in the process of cellulose degradation in B. licheniformis 20085. We also assessed the ability of B. licheniformis 20085Δcelb to pulp bamboo. The yield of bamboo pulp was 51.91%, the kappa number was 11.26%, and 1.3% of cellulose was degraded after bio-pulping. Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) studies were also conducted to visualize the effect of these strains on bamboo cell walls. These results indicate that pulping with B. licheniformis 20085Δcelb can generate a higher yield and lower kappa number.

Fast and Accurate Single Image Super-Resolution via Enhanced U-Net

( Le Chang ),( Fan Zhang ),( Biao Li ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.4

Recent studies have demonstrated the strong ability of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to significantly boost the performance in single image super-resolution (SISR). The key concern is how to efficiently recover and utilize diverse information frequencies across multiple network layers, which is crucial to satisfying super-resolution image reconstructions. Hence, previous work made great efforts to potently incorporate hierarchical frequencies through various sophisticated architectures. Nevertheless, economical SISR also requires a capable structure design to balance between restoration accuracy and computational complexity, which is still a challenge for existing techniques. In this paper, we tackle this problem by proposing a competent architecture called Enhanced U-Net Network (EUN), which can yield ready-to-use features in miscellaneous frequencies and combine them comprehensively. In particular, the proposed building block for EUN is enhanced from U-Net, which can extract abundant information via multiple skip concatenations. The network configuration allows the pipeline to propagate information from lower layers to higher ones. Meanwhile, the block itself is committed to growing quite deep in layers, which empowers different types of information to spring from a single block. Furthermore, due to its strong advantage in distilling effective information, promising results are guaranteed with comparatively fewer filters. Comprehensive experiments manifest our model can achieve favorable performance over that of state-of-the-art methods, especially in terms of computational efficiency.

PKM2 Regulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition and Migration upon EGFR Activation

Fan, Fang-Tian,Shen, Cun-Si,Tao, Li,Tian, Chao,Liu, Zhao-Guo,Zhu, Zhi-Jie,Liu, Yu-Ping,Pei, Chang-Song,Wu, Hong-Yan,Zhang, Lei,Wang, Ai-Yun,Zheng, Shi-Zhong,Huang, Shi-Le,Lu, Yin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5

Pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2) was first found in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its expression has been thought to correlate with prognosis. A large number of studies have demonstrated that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial event in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and associated metastasis, resulting in enhanced malignancy of HCC. However, the roles of PKM2 in HCC EMT and metastasis remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to determine the effects of PKM2 in EGF-induced HCC EMT and elucidate the molecular mechanisms in vitro. Our results showed that EGF promoted EMT in HCC cell lines as evidenced by altered morphology, expression of EMT-associated markers, and enhanced invasion capacity. Furthermore, the present study also revealed that nuclear translocation of PKM2, which is regulated by the ERK pathway, regulated ${\beta}$-catenin-TCF/LEF-1 transcriptional activity and associated EMT in HCC cell lines. These discoveries provide evidence of novel roles of PKM2 in the progression of HCC and potential therapeutic target for advanced cases.

A Study on the Problems and Countermeasures of Environmental Pollution Caused by China's Rural Development - Enlightened from the Semaul movement in Korea -

Wang Young Le,Fan Ping,Kim, Dong-Baek,So, Kwang-Sup 한국자치행정학회 2009 한국자치행정학보 Vol.23 No.1

중국은 개혁개방 이래 농촌지역 경제의 급속 성장에 따라 농촌의 환경문제가 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 특히 심각한 환경오염은 농촌의 생태, 생산 및 생활 안전에 대해 큰 영향을 미쳐 농촌의 경제와 사회적인 지속 가능한 개발에 대해 매우 중요한 억제요인이 되었다. 중국 농촌 환경오염의 원인을 향진기업(乡镇企业)의 오염 문제, 농업 비점 오염 문제, 대규모 축산업 오염 문제, 생활 오수 및 폐기물의 오염 문제 등을 중심으로 분석하였다. 중국 농촌 환경 문제를 해결하려면 한국의 새마을운동을 거울삼아야 한다. 새마을 운동으로 인해 농촌의 생활환경이 몰라보게 달라졌고 농촌의 가난이 물러가기 시작했으며 국민들의 사고와 행동이 변화되는 조짐을 보였다. 한국의 산림녹화정책의 효과를 중심으로 중국의 환경오염 방지 대책에 대해 살펴봤다. 중국에서 농촌 환경 오염문제를 해결하려면 우선 향진기업의 오염 통제를 강화하고 기업은 합리적인 분배해야 하고, 농업 비점오염의 통제를 강화하고, 생태 농업을 적극적으로 개발해야 하고, 과학적이고 합리적인 축산업 시스템을 구축하고, 가축 배출물에 대한 종합 처리를 위해 간편하고 효율적인 처리기술을 보급하여야 한다. 한국의 새마을 운동과 산림녹화계획 및 친환경 농업 등 성공한 경험으로부터도 좋은 교훈을 얻을 수 있다는 점을 비교행정론적으로 분석하였다. Along with the rural industrialization and the urbanized scale's unceasing expansion, along with the municipal pollution to the countryside pollution spread, pollution along with the east to the west shifts, along with the population activity frequent and rural economic development speed's quickening, China rural environment pollution assumes the trend of development. The countryside clean river sand the lake are getting fewer and fewer; The countryside soil erosion and the desertification area are expanding unceasingly; Countryside source of pollution with difficulty active control; The countryside beautiful scenery and the clear air are leaving us to go slowly. The rural environment protection's pressure is getting bigger and bigger. the main reasons Cause China rural environment pollution are the following five points: 1)The agricultural production creates pollution. 2) Infrastructure backwardness produces life pollution. 3)The rural enterprise layout is improper and the lack of insufficiently control produces industrial pollution. 4) Water quality of the water source area dropping is unable to withstand the load. 5) The mineral resource development, blind chop or the unreasonable non-farming resource development are important factors causing environmental pollution and ecological degradation. In the hope of China's rural ecological environment management, experiences of South Korea on how to pay attention to the rural ecological environment construction in the new rural areas building are introduced, the present situation and causes of the environment pollution in the rural area are expounded, and a countermeasure to the problem is put forward, which is to follow the way of sustainable development, to establish good farm biological environment and to uphold the coordinational development of the rural environment and the economy.

Mathematical Simulation of Spray Forming Process

( Jun Fei Fan ),( Yin Zhang ),( San Bing Ren ),( You Duo He ),( Hai Rong Le ) 한국액체미립화학회 2005 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

In this paper, an integrated approach for modeling the entire spray forming process is presented and the program for the simulation is written by hand. The whole spray forming process can be divided into four calculate process and the basis for the analysis is classical k-ε turbulence model which used to simulate the flow field of gas formed in the chamber. The other three mathematical models are atomization model,deposition model and solidification model. In the atomization model coupled the flow field of gas and formation、velocity and location of droplet. By means of integrate above mathematical model the process of spraying forming was simulated in detail.

Sensorless PMSM Control with Sliding Mode Observer Based on Sigmoid Function

Ren Ningning,Fan Le,Zhang Zan 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.2

It is impossible to install or apply position sensors appropriately in some special applications of PMSM. Sensorless PMSM control is an appropriate choice to solve some problems in the control of PMSM. It is necessary to acquire an estimated position precisely and avoid the chattering phenomenon for sensorless PMSM control. This paper proposes an algorithm for estimating position with sliding mode observer (SMO) based on sigmoid function, and a suffi cient condition that leads SMO into a sliding surface is acquired using Lyapunov stabilization analysis. The outcome of this study shows that SMO based on sigmoid function for sensorless PMSM control can estimate position with high precision and avoid chattering phenomenon under the condition of diff erent velocity and load. However, the estimated position needs to be compensated for according to load, and the compensating value is in proportion to the value of the current.

Anchorage Effects of Various Steel Fibre Architectures for Concrete Reinforcement

Abdallah, Sadoon,Fan, Mizi,Zhou, Xiangming,Geyt, Simon Le Korea Concrete Institute 2016 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.10 No.3

This paper studies the effects of steel fibre geometry and architecture on the cracking behaviour of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC), with the reinforcements being four types, namely 5DH ($Dramix^{(R)}$ hooked-end), 4DH, 3DH-60 and 3DH-35, of various hooked-end steel fibres at the fibre dosage of 40 and $80kg/m^3$. The test results show that the addition of steel fibres have little effect on the workability and compressive strength of SFRC, but the ultimate tensile loads, post-cracking behaviour, residual strength and the fracture energy of SFRC are closely related to the shapes of fibres which all increased with increasing fibre content. Results also revealed that the residual tensile strength is significantly influenced by the anchorage strength rather than the number of the fibres counted on the fracture surface. The 5DH steel fibre reinforced concretes have behaved in a manner of multiple crackings and more ductile compared to 3DH and 4DH ones, and the end-hooks of 4DH and 5DH fibres partially deformed in steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete (SFR-SCC). In practice, 5DH fibres should be used for reinforcing high or ultra-high performance matrixes to fully utilize their high mechanical anchorage.

Anchorage Effects of Various Steel Fibre Architectures for Concrete Reinforcement

Sadoon Abdallah,Mizi Fan,Xiangming Zhou,Simon Le Geyt 한국콘크리트학회 2016 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.10 No.3

This paper studies the effects of steel fibre geometry and architecture on the cracking behaviour of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC), with the reinforcements being four types, namely 5DH (Dramix<SUP>®</SUP> hooked-end), 4DH, 3DH-60 and 3DH-35, of various hooked-end steel fibres at the fibre dosage of 40 and 80 kg/㎥. The test results show that the addition of steel fibres have little effect on the workability and compressive strength of SFRC, but the ultimate tensile loads, post-cracking behaviour, residual strength and the fracture energy of SFRC are closely related to the shapes of fibres which all increased with increasing fibre content. Results also revealed that the residual tensile strength is significantly influenced by the anchorage strength rather than the number of the fibres counted on the fracture surface. The 5DH steel fibre reinforced concretes have behaved in a manner of multiple crackings and more ductile compared to 3DH and 4DH ones, and the end-hooks of 4DH and 5DH fibres partially deformed in steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete (SFR–SCC). In practice, 5DH fibres should be used for reinforcing high or ultra-high performance matrixes to fully utilize their high mechanical anchorage.

Study on Thermodynamics of Three Kinds of Benzindocarbocyanine Dyes in Aqueous Methanol Solution

Huang, Wei,Wang, Lan-Ying,Fu, Yi-Le,Liu, Ji-Quan,Tao, You-Ni,Fan, Fang-Li,Zhai, Gao-Hong,Wen, Zhen-Yi Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.3

Aggregation behavior of three kinds of benzindocarbocyanine dyes in aqueous methanol solution was studied by UV-Vis absorption spectrum. The results indicated that the three dyes all existed monomer-dimer equilibrium in aqueous methanol solution (concentration range $10^{−5}\;to\;10^{−6}$ M) at 25.0$\sim$41.0 ${^{\circ}C}$ for Dye 1, 28.0$\sim$49.0 ${^{\circ}C}$ for Dye 2 and 26.0$\sim$47.0 ${^{\circ}C}$ for Dye 3. The fundamental property of the three dyes as the dimeric association constant KD, the dimeric free energy ${\Delta$}G_D, the dimeric entropy ${\Delta$}S_D, and the dimeric enthalpy ${\Delta$}H_D were determined. The ${\Delta$}H_D of three dyes: Dye 1, Dye 2 and Dye 3 was -42.5, -15.1 and -18.9 kJ/mol, respectively. The experimental observations were the subject of a theoretical study including the ground-state geometries which were fully optimized using DFT at B3LYP/6-31G level. The effect of dye molecule structure on ${\Delta$}H_D was discussed by theoretical calculations.