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Ramzan Fahad,Hwang Yoon-Jung,Choi Yu Hyeon,Ramzan Yasir,Islam MD Mazharul,Deepo Deen Mohammad,김창길,임기병 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.5
Lilium, an important ornamental crop, requires genetic and phenotypic assessment in the development of new hybrids. Therefore, genetic (using FISH) and morphological studies were conducted on newly developed hybrids belonging to Lilium genomes (Asiatic, Oriental, longiflorum). Morphological results revealed that all F1 hybrids showed significant differences from one another. Triploid Asiatic hybrids (Brunello × Mapira) showed good phenotypic characteristics and longiflorum hybrids (Bright Tower × Snow Queen) expressed good growth characters. The Brunello × Mapira hybrid was especially superior in root length, number of scales, bulb diameter and bulb weight. Chromosomal studies con- firmed that all hybrids were diploid (2x = 24) with 24 chromosomes except the “AA-2” Asiatic hybrid which was triploid (2x = 3x = 36). In our karyotyping results, there was non-significant variation with respect to short arm length and arm length ratio among hybrids, while long arm length and total chromosome length showed significant differences. In the case of 45S signals, the maximum number of 45S rDNAs were found in “Bright Tower × Snow Queen” while the minimum number of 45S signals (2) were found in “Yellow cocotte × Valdisole”. 5S signals were similar in all hybrids except trip- loid Asiatic hybrids. Thus, newly developed young hybrids can be successfully screened using morphological and FISH analysis. FISH karyotyping identified a triploid Asiatic hybrid which was also superior in phenotypic characteristics.
Application of Genomic In Situ Hybridization in Horticultural Science
Ramzan, Fahad,Younis, Adnan,Lim, Ki-Byung Hindawi 2017 International journal of genomics Vol.2017 No.-
<P>Molecular cytogenetic techniques, such as in situ hybridization methods, are admirable tools to analyze the genomic structure and function, chromosome constituents, recombination patterns, alien gene introgression, genome evolution, aneuploidy, and polyploidy and also genome constitution visualization and chromosome discrimination from different genomes in allopolyploids of various horticultural crops. Using GISH advancement as multicolor detection is a significant approach to analyze the small and numerous chromosomes in fruit species, for example, <I>Diospyros</I> hybrids. This analytical technique has proved to be the most exact and effective way for hybrid status confirmation and helps remarkably to distinguish donor parental genomes in hybrids such as <I>Clivia</I>, <I>Rhododendron</I>, and <I>Lycoris</I> ornamental hybrids. The genome characterization facilitates in hybrid selection having potential desirable characteristics during the early hybridization breeding, as this technique expedites to detect introgressed sequence chromosomes. This review study epitomizes applications and advancements of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) techniques in horticultural plants.</P>
FISH and GISH: molecular cytogenetic tools and their applications in ornamental plants.
Younis, Adnan,Ramzan, Fahad,Hwang, Yoon-Jung,Lim, Ki-Byung Springer 2015 Plant cell reports Vol.34 No.9
<P>The innovations in chromosome engineering have improved the efficiency of interrogation breeding, and the identification and transfer of resistance genes from alien to native species. Recent advances in molecular biology and cytogenetics have brought revolutionary, conceptual developments in mitosis and meiosis research, chromosome structure and manipulation, gene expression and regulation, and gene silencing. Cytogenetic studies offer integrative tools for imaging, genetics, epigenetics, and cytological information that can be employed to enhance chromosome and molecular genomic research in plant taxa. In situ hybridization techniques, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), can identify chromosome morphologies and sequences, amount and distribution of various types of chromatin in chromosomes, and genome organization during the metaphase stage of meiosis. Over the past few decades, various new molecular cytogenetic applications have been developed. The FISH and GISH techniques present an authentic model for analyzing the individual chromosome, chromosomal segments, or the genomes of natural and artificial hybrid plants. These have become the most reliable techniques for studying allopolyploids, because most cultivated plants have been developed through hybridization or polyploidization. Moreover, introgression of the genes and chromatin from the wild types into cultivated species can also be analyzed. Since hybrid derivatives may have variable alien chromosome numbers or chromosome arms, the use of these approaches opens new avenues for accurately identifying genome differences.</P>