REACH의 규제상의 새로운 도전과 응전

李侑峰 梨花女子大學校 法學硏究所 2010 法學論集 Vol.14 No.3

2006년에 도입된 화학물질에 관한 EU의 새로운 규제인 REACH는 기존의 복잡하게 난립하던 다수의 화학물질에 관한 규제체계를 하나로 통합하기 위하여 제정되었다. 물론 REACH의 제정배경에는 대다수 화학물질의 안전성에 대하여 규제의 흠결을 보이고 있는 기존의 규제체계에 대한 비판이 전제되어 있었다. 따라서 REACH는 화학물질의 이용상 존재하는 리스크에 대한 정보제공의무를 그 동안 규제밖에 있던 기존물질생산자에게까지 확대하고, 또한 그 의무를 규제자로부터 물질생산 및 취급당사자에게로 이전함으로써, 리스크평가가 보다 용이하도록 하였다. 또한 정보의 불명확성으로 인하여 명확한 리스크평가가 다소 어려운 경우에는 사전배려원칙에 입각하여 보수적인 정보에 기초한 판단이 이루어지도록 함으로써 안전성을 강화하였다. 그러나다른 한편으로는 더 안전한 새로운 물질개발에 대한 인센티브를 부여함으로써 궁극적으로는 기존물질을 대체할 보다 안전한 신규물질개발의 촉진을 의도하고 있다. 이렇게 확대되고 강화된 화학물질에 관한 EU의 규제인 REACH는 비단 EU역내에 적용되는 것으로 그치지 않고, EU라는 거대한 시장을 바탕으로 우리나라를 비롯한 세계각국에 영향을 미치고 있다. 그러나 이러한 강화된 규제에 따르는 준수비용이 만만치않으므로, 특히 미국을 중심으로 이에 반대하는 주장도 강하게 제기되었다. 이 글에서 는 화학물질의 안전성에 관한 새로운 EU규제인 REACH를 리스크 관점에서 어떻게 평가할 수 있는지를 알아보기 위하여, 먼저, REACH의 제정배경을 설명하고, 그 내용과 특징을 상반된 입장을 취하고 있는 미국의 화학물질규제와 견주어 분석한 다음, 마지막으로 REACH가 미치는 세계 각국에 대한 영향을 중심으로 기술하였다. The new EU’s regulation on chemicals, REACH was established in 2006 for unification of the scrambling prior regulatory system on chemicals. Certainly, the introduction of new regulation was supported by critics over the existing regulatory system which was lacking in controlling safety of most of chemicals. Therefore, REACH made the risk assessment easier not only by burdening the producer of the existing chemicals with the obligation to provide information on the risk in chemicals, but also by shifting it from the regulator to the producers and the users of chemicals. Also, even in case that the manifest risk assessment is hard to get because of uncertain information, REACH strengthens the safety by preferring the more conservative data based on the precautionary principle. However, it ultimately encourages invention of the new safer substances substituting the existing substance by providing incentives for its development. Furthermore, the enlarged and strengthened EU’s regulation, REACH, is applied in its territory and is influencing to the global society including Korea, backed by the biggest market in the world. However, there have been strong critics against REACH, especially from US, due to the fact that it causes the tremendous amount of money to follow it. Here, to evaluate RAECH, the EU’s new regulation on chemicals, from the perspective of ‘Risk’, this article mainly described its regulatory background, contents, characteristics, and its global influence. Especially, for characterizing it, this study used the comparison with US’ regulatory approach on chemicals.

섹스어필광고(SAad)에 대한 청소년들의 반응 조사

이의자 慶星大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between teenagers' exposure to sex-appeal ads and thier buying behavior on the sex-appeal blue jean ads. For this purpose, the study selected 500 middle and high school students as repondents and 5 blue jean ads as sex-appeal ads. Then, this study executed a survey research to examine teenagers' general attitudes toward sex, their reations to sex ads and their purchasing behavior for blue jeans. The main results of this study could be summarized as follows. 1. The study showed that male and middle school respondents tended to show stronger reaction to sex ads than female and high school students. In relation to this result, the study also found that the degree of nudity was the main factor for sex appeal to teens. 2. The study found that the major motives in buying blue jeans were their designs, brand manes and prices for the teenager respondents. The study revealed that the major advertisment facors in purchasing blue jeans could be the copies, models and contents of the sex-appeal ads. Based on these results, the study could suggest that teenagers' blue jean buying behavior might be influenced by the sex-appeal ads. 3. The study indicated that the sex-appeal blue jean ads tended to stimulate respondents' desire to buy blue jeans more strongly than non sex-appeal ads, while the non sex-appeal blue jean ads. 4. The study finally found that, among some sex-appeal blue jean ads, their ad copies and general reputations about blue jeans were the main reasons for respondents' respondents' purchasing blue jeans.

다양한 확정성을 갖는 CSSM API를 이용한 전자상거래 적용 방안

김의탁,신동명,최용락 대전대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 산업기술연구소 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

This study is proposed the plan of applying CSSM API(Common Security Service Management Application Programming Interface) being various extensibility to Electronic Commerce. Electronic Commerce is that trades products, documents customer to company, company to company, or company to government like real commerce. However, there are lots of security problems with Electronic Commerce because of using public network. especially internet. Cryptographic Application Programming Interface supports cryptographic services for each levels and various security services. CSSM API provides modulity, simplicity, and extensibility by various modules, interfaces compare to other CAPIs(Cryptographic Application Programming Interfaces). The proposal is expected that provides various security services to electronic commerce.

스포츠 관전행동의 결정요인에 관한 연구 : 이용자 특성을 중심으로 Focused on Consumer's Psychological Characteristics

박유진,김재휘 한국스포츠심리학회 2003 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.14 No.3

본 연구는 스포츠팬의 심리적 특성이 스포츠 관전행동에 영향을 미친다고 가정하고, 스포츠 관전동기와 스포츠팬 정체성의 다양한 차원들 중 스포츠 관전행동을 결정하는 요인들을 밝히고자 하였다. 질문지 조사를 통한 연구 결과 정체성현출성, 친지관계동기, 대리만족동기, 성별의 네 가지 변인이 스포츠 관전행동을 결정하는 요인으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 관전자 특성에 따라 관저행동에 영향을 미치는 관전동기 및 스포츠팬 정체성 요인에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 스포츠팬의 성별 및 소극적 관전수준에 따라 관전행동에 영향을 미치는 관전동기 및 스포츠팬 정체성의 구성요소가 달라졌다. 이러한 연구 결과를 스포츠 마케팅에 활용한다면, 관전자 특성에 따라 보다 세분화된 마케팅 전략을 수립할 수 있을 것이다. Watching sport events represents a predominant form of leisure today. Many people attend sport events and think of themselves as sport fans, So, It is needed to understand psychological natures of sports fans and which of psychological natures lead spectators to stadium. Then we could know what makes more steady and devoted fans. Based on previous researches, we could expect that spectator motivation and fan identity would influence on sporting game attendance of spectator. Also we could expect there were sexual differences in effects of motivation and identity factors. To examine these propositions, we performed survey research. Questionnaire of this study included the scales for sports spectator motivation, fan identity dimensions, sport spectating experiences, and demographic variables. Data of this study were collected from 192 college students. The results of the survey analysis verify relationship motive, identity salience, sex, and vicarious satisfaction determine attendance of sporting games. And there were sexual differences in effect of motivation and identity dimensions. These results meant men and women want different benefits through watching sporting events. Therefore, it is needed diverse marketing strategy according to spectators' natures.

전분의 첨가가 자몽 종자 추출물 DF-100의 항균 활성에 미치는 영향

이유진,김지훈,김영식,정영재,김경범,정종문 수원대학교 기능성생명소재연구소 2003 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.2 No.1

Recent testimonials report grapefruit seed extract DF-100 to be successful in combating a variety of common infectious agents. This study investigated DF-100 for antimicrobial activites at containing 3% corn starch, 3% wheat flour and 0.5~5% starch contents to determine if antimicrobial activity of DF-100 keeps almost constant or is sometimes decreased by the addition of various types of starch. In our study, grapefruit seed extract DF-100 was tested for antibacterial properties against 5 strains. Gram-negative and gram-positive isolates {Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albians, and Yeast (be often contaminated strain in confectionery factory)} were introduced into various dilutions of DF-100 (0, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, 8,000, 16,000 ppm) for determination of antimicrobial activity. The antibacterial effect of the DF-100 appears to suppress the. growth of the 5 strains used for experiment. However, antimicrobial activity of DF-100 was reduced 1/4 to 1/16 when added into foods (such as bread, noodle, and biscuits) containing corn starch, wheat flour, or potato starch. It was evident that the antimicrobial activity DF-100 was decreased by addition of starch.

치아우식증 수복용 복합레진의 개발과 치아 적합성에 관한 연구 제 3 편 : 각종 용액내에서의 표면경도 변화와 세포독성에 관한 연구

최유진,조한국,민병순 大韓齒科器材學會 1992 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.19 No.2

This studies were planned to evaluate the cytotoxicity of cured experimental composite resin using a cell culture method, and the hardness changes of it stored in various aqueous acids and ethanol with considerations that solubility of resin surfaces will occure the decrease of hardness should be related with toxicity occured by elucited components. Cytotoxicity of experimental resins were tested by agar overlay methods, and some solutions in which disc type resin specimens will be stored were prepared by dilution of ethanol or acids into distilled water. The microhardness of experimental and commercial dental restorative composite materials exposed to various chemicals were measured with micro Vicker's hardness tester. Following conclusions were drawn : 1. KCR-22, experimental composite resins prepared in this study exhibited the same degree of cytotoxicity with commercial products. 2. The intensity of cytotoxicity decreased after incorporation of filler to BIS-GMA based resins. 3. The hardness numbers decreased dramatically once the composite had been immersed in ethanol solutions, however any of acidic solutions did not show the decrease of VHN. 4. The incorporation of fillers to BIS-GMA based resins which showed the double increased VHN than unfilled resins. 5. Surface hardness were increased rapidly in saline compared to it in air.

승용차 조향계의 진동 연구

조의일,송상기 여수대학교 1991 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

The tendency of high speed and low-weight of passenger car may result in the bad feeling of ride comfort and controllability so that new design concept and technology has been required to solve those problems. Especially, the tangential vibration of the steering wheel makes the driver uncomfortable seriously at high speed. So to trace the origin, we use T.L.H. coordinate which is a standard in vehicle design, besides the steering wheel system and the frame are modeled by 20 D.O.F. to estimate dynamic characteristics of new cars with possible changes of the locations of linkages and material properties. Generally, the vehicle frame is considered as a rigid body in the vibration analysis of a vehicle. In this study, however, we have modeled the frame as a elastic body. Moreover, the effects of the dry friction in ball joint and tierod, king pin inclination and the side slip of the tire are included in the present analysis to supply design parameters required for new vehicles.

가스판별을 위한 원칩형 전자코 설계 및 응용

장으뜸,정완영 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1

다양한 알코올에 의해 일어나는 수용액내 CTAB 나노구조의 변이에 관한 연구

金裕振 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2005 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

When the amphiphilic molecules are dissolved in water at the concentration above the critical micelle concentration(CMC), the phenomenon of micelle formation takes place. In this study the structures of the Cetyltrimethyl-ammonium Bromide(CTAB) micelles were investigated using SANS. These have received a considerable academic and industrial interests due to their special properties and various applicabilities. Although it has been well known that micelle of various forms can be formed, there are a lot of problems still not clearly confirmed about the detailed shapes, the size distribution of micelles, and inter-, intra- micelle interactions. For the present structure analysis, "Core and shell model" was introduced, in which the structure is consist of a "core" containing the surfactant hydrocarbon chains, a "shell" containing the charged head groups, a fraction of counter-ions, and water. It was possible to obtain structural information including the location of the alcohols in hydrocarbon core, hydrophilic shell and aqueous solvent media.

오프셋을 감소시킨 고속 Dynamic Latch 비교기 설계

성광수,현유진,서희돈 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2000 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.1

In this paper, we propose a technique to minimize the input offset of a dynamic latch used as a voltage comparator. The offsets in a dynamic latch comparator can be divided into three causes. The fist is VOM that is caused by mismatch between MOSs, and the second is ΔQ/CZ that is caused by charge injection mismatch. The last is VOCF that is the effect of positive feedback during sampling phase. The VOCF was only considered in the previous works, however, we analyze not only charge injection mismatch but also VOCF and propose a effective circuit that can minimize these in this paper.