Thienobenzothiopyranones 111-New 4H-thieno[2,3-b][1]benzothiopyran-4-ones Carrying Different Heterocyclic Moieties of Expected Pharmacological Interest

El-Subbagh, H.I.,El-Emam, A.A.,El-Ashmawy, M.B.,Shehata, I.A. The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1990 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.13 No.1

Reaction of 2-formyl-4H-thieno [2, 3-b] benzothiopyran-4-one (1) with different heterocyclic amines afforded the corresponding Schiff's bases (2-4). Diethyl malonate, ethyl cyanoacetate and malononitrile were reached with 1 to afford compounds 5, 7 and 8, respectively. Compound 5 was cyclized to the pyrazolidin-3, 4-dione (6) by the action of hydrazine hydrate, whereas compound 7 was utilized for the synthesis of the thiazolin-4 one derivatives (9-13).

Synthesis of Certain Mercapto and Aminopyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents

El-Kerdawy, M.M.,Eisa, H.M.,El-Emam, A.A.,Massoud, M.A.,Nasr, M.N. The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1990 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.13 No.2

Reaction of ethyl 4-chloro-2-phenylpyrimidine-4-carboxylate (4) with 5-chloro-2-methylthiophenol or 3-aryl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 4-triazole-5 thiol yielded the corresponding thioethers (5) and (8a, b), respectively. Careful alkaline hydrolysis of (5) yielded the corresponding carboxylic acid (6). Reaction of (4) with p-aminoacetophenone yielded compound (10) which was reacted with certain aromatic aldehyde to afford the$\alpha,\beta$-unsaturated ketones (11a-d). Condensation of (11a-d) with malononitrile or phenylhydrazine yielded the 2-amino-3-cyanopyridines (12a-f) or the 2-pyrazolines (13a, b) respectively. Seven representative compounds were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against some pathogenic micro-organisms, some of them were proved to be active.

Synthesis of Certain 6-(Arylthio)uracils and Related Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents

El-Emam, Ali A.,Massoud, Mohamed A.M.,El-Bendary, Eman R.,El-Sayed, Magda A. Korean Chemical Society 2004 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.25 No.7

New series of 6-(arylthio)uracils, 6-(4-substituted-1-piperazinyl)uracils, 2,4,5-trioxo-1H,3H-benzothiopyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine and 5-aryl-2,4-dioxo-1H,3H-pyrimido[5,4-f]benzo[1,4]thiazepines have been prepared and screened for their in vitro activity against herpes simplex-1 virus (HSV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). The in vitro cytotoxic activity was also evaluated. The results of biological testing revealed that compound 5b showed marginal activity against HSV-1, while compounds 5b and 5f exhibited marginal activity against HIV-1. The rest of the tested compounds were found devoid of antiviral activity against both HSV-1 and HIV-1.

Synthesis of Substituted Arylazothioxanthones as Potential Schistosomicidal Agents

El-Kerdawy, M.M.,El-Emam, A.A.,El-Subbagh, H.I.,Abushanab, E. The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1989 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.12 No.1

A series of 1-chloro-4-methyl-6-arylazo-9H-thioxanthen-9-ones were synthesized and schistosomicidal activity evaluated. It was found that, 1-chloro-4-methyl-6-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo)-9H-thioxanthen-9-one possessed a promising activity against Schisto-soma mansoni in mice.

Antipseudomonal Activity and Nephrotoxicity of Cephradine-Netilmicin Combination

El Emam, M.A.,El Naggar, W.A.,Ibrahiem, T.M. The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1989 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.12 No.2

The effects of intraperitoneal injection of cephradine in a dose of 75 mg/kg and netilmicin in dose of 50 mg/kg and their combination on creatinine and urea serum levels of rabbits were studied as well as the antipseudomonal activity against three multiresistant clinicial isolates. The antibacterial activity was investigated by two methods: Checkerboard titration method and time-kill studies. Finally, the antibacterial activity of the sera obtained from the rabbits receiving the used drugs in the previous regimen was studied using time-kill study method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Results obtained from this study indicated that both creatinine and urea serum levels of the rabbits receiving both drugs were not significantly different from those of the rabbits receiving either cephradine or netilmicin alone. At the same time the in vitro antibactrial activity (either of the prepared solutions of the used drugs and their combination or of the sera obtained from the rabbits receiving these drugs as mentioned before) showed a synergistic effect against the tested strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Fatigue Crack Tip Plasticity for Inclined Cracks

Hesham El-Emam,Alaaeldin Elsisi,Hani Salim,Hossam Sallam 한국강구조학회 2018 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.18 No.2

The evaluation of the crack tip deformation is essential to the estimation of crack growth under either static or cyclic loading. A 3-D elastic–plastic fi nite element analysis was developed to simulate the crack tip deformation along mixed mode inclined edge cracks in a steel plate subjected to either monotonic or cyclic loading at selected R-ratios. In this paper, two types of crack confi gurations were investigated: inclined cracks with equal inclined lengths (EICL) and inclined cracks with equal horizontal projection length (ECHP). The development of the monotonic (Δm) and cyclic (Δc) crack tip plastically zones and the monotonic (CTOD) and cyclic (ΔCTOD) crack tip opening displacements were traced to fi nd the eff ect of the crack inclination angle, which signifi cantly aff ected the size and shape of the crack tip plastic zone. The fi nite element results compared well with the analytical results based on modifi ed Dugdale’s model. It was observed that Mode II has a signifi cant eff ect on the plastic zone in the case of equal inclined crack length (EICL), i.e., Mode II increases as the crack angle decreases. Also, it is interesting to note that for the EICL case, the magnitude of Δc is delayed to appear with decreasing the inclination angle, for example, for θ = 90° the cyclic plastic zone appeared at Δσ = 103.32 MPa, while for θ = 45° the cyclic plastic zone appeared at Δσ = 132.84 MPa. Whereas, the variation of monotonic and cyclic plastic zone size in the equal crack horizontal projection (ECHP) case is not aff ected by the crack inclination angle. Furthermore, it was observed that the static crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) and the cyclic (ΔCTOD) are independent of the crack inclination angle in case of ECHP, due to such cracks take into consideration the eff ect of inclination angle through its length.

Synthesis of Certain 6-(Arylthio)uracils and Related Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents

Ali A. El-Emam*,Mohamed A. M. Massoud,Eman R. El-Bendary,Magda A. El-Sayed 대한화학회 2004 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.25 No.7

Room-temperature Ferromagnetism in Zn1−xNixS Diluted Magnetic Semiconducting Nanocrystalline Thin Films

M. El-Hagary,S. Soltan,M. Emam-Ismail,S. Althoyai 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12

This study reports the structure and the magnetic properties of Zn1−xNixS nanocrystalline filmswith Ni composition ratios of 0.05 x 0.2. Thin films of Zn1−xNixS were deposited on Corningglass substrates by using an electron-beam evaporation method. X-ray diffraction patterns revealedsingle- phase films with a cubic zinc-blend-type structure with preferred crystallographic orientationsalong the (111) and the (220) planes. Evidence for the nanocrystalline nature of the films wasobserved from the investigations of the surface morphology by using scanning electron microscopyand atomic force microscopy. Magnetic domains were observed by using magnetic force microscopyat room temperature, indicating the existence of ferromagnetism over the film’s surface. The magneticmeasurements at 5 K revealed a superparamagnetic behavior. However, room-temperatureferromagnetism was observed in all the nanocrystalline Zn1−xNixS films. The saturation magnetizationfor the Zn1−xNixS films was found to increase with increasing dopant concentration (x). Anexchange interaction between local spin-polarized electrons (Ni2+ ions) and conductive electronsaccording to the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction mechanism is proposed as apossible mechanism for the ferromagnetism. These results show that the Ni-doped ZnS nanocrystallinefilms are promising materials for applications in spintronic and magnetic sensor devices.

Comparison of numerical and analytical solutions for reinforced soil wall shaking table tests

Zarnani, Saman,El-Emam, Magdi M.,Bathurst, Richard J. Techno-Press 2011 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.3 No.4

The paper describes a simple numerical FLAC model that was developed to simulate the dynamic response of two instrumented reduced-scale model reinforced soil walls constructed on a 1-g shaking table. The models were 1 m high by 1.4 m wide by 2.4 m long and were constructed with a uniform size sand backfill, a polymeric geogrid reinforcement material with appropriately scaled stiffness, and a structural full-height rigid panel facing. The wall toe was constructed to simulate a perfectly hinged toe (i.e. toe allowed to rotate only) in one model and an idealized sliding toe (i.e. toe allowed to rotate and slide horizontally) in the other. Physical and numerical models were subjected to the same stepped amplitude sinusoidal base acceleration record. The material properties of the component materials (e.g. backfill and reinforcement) were determined from independent laboratory testing (reinforcement) and by back-fitting results of a numerical FLAC model for direct shear box testing to the corresponding physical test results. A simple elastic-plastic model with Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion for the sand was judged to give satisfactory agreement with measured wall results. The numerical results are also compared to closed-form solutions for reinforcement loads. In most cases predicted and closed-form solutions fall within the accuracy of measured loads based on ${\pm}1$ standard deviation applied to physical measurements. The paper summarizes important lessons learned and implications to the seismic design and performance of geosynthetic reinforced soil walls.

An Eco-Friendly Multifunctional Nano-Finishing of Cellulose/Wool Blends

Nabil A. Ibrahim,El-Amir M. Emam,Basma M. Eid,Tawfik M. Tawfik 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.4

A new approach for an eco-friendly multi-functionalization of cotton/wool (C/W) and viscose/wool (V/W) blended fabrics was investigated. In this study, Ag-nanoparticle (Ag-NP) and/or ZnO-nanoparticle (ZnO-NP) functional agents were incorporated into the finishing bath along with citric acid (CA) or succinic acid (SA) as ester-crosslinking or esterifying agent, and sodium hypophosphite catalyst using the padding technique. The obtained results indicated that the extent of multi-functionalization expressed as antibacterial activity, UV-blocking functionality and wrinkle recovery ability were determined by kind of nanomaterial, nature of carboxylic acid, i.e., bi- or tri-functional and type of substrate. The results also demonstrated that blended fabrics finished with Ag-NP/ZnO-NP/CA/SHP nano-finishing formulation exhibited outstanding durable multi-functional properties even after 10 washing cycles. In addition, the change in surface morphology and the existence of Ag and/or Zn onto the selected V/W fabric surfaces have been confirmed by SEM and EDX analysis respectively.