골부초와 자갈대에 의한 고랭지 감자재배지 토양보전 효과

박철수,정영상,주진호,이원정,양재의 한국환경농학회 2005 한국환경농학회지 Vol.24 No.1

강원도 고령지 지역의 밭은 경사지에 발달한 곳이 많아서 강우에 의한 유거수와 토양의 유실이 많이 일어나게 된다. 일부 지역에서는 석비레를 이용하여 농업을 하고 있어 강우침식을 쉽게 받을 수 있다. 이러한 농경지 밭에 쉽게 적용하여 토양유실을 저감시킬 수 있도록 하기 위해 농경지 인근에서 쉽게 구할 수 있는 잡초와 토양침식 후 표면에 남은 자갈을 이용하여 골에 일정 간격으로 두어 그 효과를 살펴보았다. 토양 유실량은 식양토이면서 13%의 경사를 가진 포장에서는 사경과 등고선 경작만으로도 토양 유실량을 현저히 줄일 수 있는 것으로 나타났고, 경사가 23%,인 석비레 사양토 포장에서는 토양 유실이 심하게 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 부초와 자갈을 최소로 이용하는 골최소부초와 골자갈대를 시험구에 처리함으로써 처리하지 않은 구에 비해 횡계와 용산 포장에서 45% 이상의 토양 유실 저감 효과와 유거수 발생 또한 저감시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 사양토인 석비레 성토 지역의 경우는 토양 유실량이 보전처리구에서 61 Mg/ha 이상이 발생하여 골최소부초와 골자갈대를 3 m 간격으로 처리 하여서는 그 효과를 허용 토양 유실량인 11 Mg/ha 이하로 낮출 수 없는 것으로 평가되어 단일한 방법으로는 토양보전에 부족할 것으로 평가되었다. To develop proper soil management practices for reducing soil erosion, experiments were carried out by using lysimeters in Pyeongchang highland, Korea. Lysimeters installed at Hoenggye had 13% slope, 15 m slope length and 3 m width. Lysimeters with 23% slope, 15 m slope length and 5 m width were also installed at Yongsan. Soil textures in Hoenggye and Yongsan lysimeter plots were silty clay loam and sandy loam, respectively. In the lysimeters potato was cultivated, and slant furrow culture and contour culture were applied. Up-down furrow and continuous fallow lysimeter was included in the experiments as a control plot. For the slant furrow and contour culture methods, minimum furrow mulching and gravel barrier were placed at each end of the furrows in the lysimeters from April to October in 2000 and 2001 to prevent soil and nutrient losses. In Heonggye, in two years experiments, average soil loss of 17 Mg/ha was found in the up-down and continuous fallow lysimeter and 2.6 Mg/ha from furrow minimum straw and slant furrow treatment, and 1.8 Mg/ha from slant furrow and gravel bag treatment. In the contour culture, the soil losses were further reduced. In Yongsan, soil loss in the slant furrow culture without any protection treatment was 167 Mg/ha, and the soil loss was reduce to 61 and 86 Mg/ha with minimum straw and gravel bag treatments, respectively. The soil loss could be reduced more than 45% by furrow minimum straw and gravel barrier. The furrow minimum straw or gravel bag barrier successfully reduced soil loss in clay loam soil in Heonggye, but still the treatments were not enough to reduce soil loss in saprolite piled sandy loam soil in Yongsan.

소아복부둔상시 저혈량성 쇽과 연관된 복부전산화 단층촬영술의 유용성

박광철,조수형,조남수,박진,변주남 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Background: We reviewed retrospectively the clinical features and contrast material-enhanced computed tomography(CT) after blunt abdominal trauma demonstrated a characteristic hypoperfusion complex. Our purpose were to evaluate the hypothesis that children with this "hypoperfusion complex" CT finding were associated with a tenuous hemodynamic state, severe injury and a poor outcome. Methods: Between January 1996 and December 1999, 39 consecutive children who sustained blunt trauma and were suspected clinically of having intraabdominal injury underwent CT. Demographic data, blood pressure, indication for CT, pediatric trauma score(PTS) and Glasgow coma score(GCS) were recorded at the time of the initial examination. Results: Three of the 39 children(8%) demonstrated a characteristic finding at CT which was described as the hypoperfusion complex. The "hypoperfusion complex" was present in the 3 of the 39 traumatized children(8%), but was the main radiographic finding in the 3 of the 14 children with a severe pediatric trauma score(PTS<8) and in the 3 of the 6 children with a Glasgow coma score(GCS<8) who were examined with CT. Conclusion: The CT findings in all children with the hypoperfusion complex by definition included marked, diffuse dilatation of the intestine with fluid; abnormally intense contrast enhancement of the bowel wall, mesentery, kidney and/or pancreas; decreased caliber of the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava(IVC); and moderate to large peritoneal fluid collection. This "hypoperfusion complex" is a relatively rarely observed in injured children but appears to be associated with severe injury and a poor outcome. The pediatric trauma score provides a useful profile of injury severity in children. Prompt diagnosis of hypovolemic shock is important so that supportive therapy can be instituted to prevent further metabolic abnormalities and their potential cardiotoxic effects. In summary, the intense multiorgan enhancement pattern seen in the hypoperfusion complex indicates tenuous hemodynamic stability and is associated with a poor outcom.

자갈함량과 질소시비량이 고랭지 배추재배시 침투수에 의한 질소용탈 및 생육에 미치는 영향

박철수,이계준,정영상,주진호,황선웅 한국환경농학회 2005 한국환경농학회지 Vol.24 No.1

고랭지 배추재배지의 성토재로 사용되고 있는 석비레는 모래와 자갈함량이 높아 토양침식과 양분용탈의 주 요인이 되고 있어 본 연구는 자갈함량에 따른 배추수량과 질소의 용탈양상을 구명하고자 pot 시험을 수행하였다. 시험 결과, 배추의 생체수량은 자갈의 함량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향이었고, 특히 질소시비량 240 kg/ha 구에서는 현저한 수량감소를 보였다. 질소시비량 60 kg/ha 구에서는 자갈함량 30%, 질소시비량 120 kg/ha 구에서는 자갈함량 50%를 변환점으로 하여 배추수량이 급격히 감소하였다. 배추의 생육장해는 질소시비량이 240 kg/ha인 구에서는 대부분 위조현상이 나타났으며 결구 초기인 8월 초순에는 자갈함량이 50% 이상이 되면 질소시비량을 ha당 120 kg만 시용해도 50% 이상이 위조현상을 보였다. 침출수의 암모늄태 질소는 자갈함량과 질소시비량이 많을수록 침출수의 농도가 높아지는 경향을 보였는데, 특히 배추의 고사가 발생한 30% 이상의 자갈함량과 질소시비량 240 kg/ha인 처리구의 농도는 139-339 mg/L이었다. 침출수의 질소용탈량은 자갈함량에 따라 정의 상관관계를 보였고, 자갈함량이 10% 증가될 때마다 pot당 0.14g씩 증가하여 자갈함량이 10%일 때에 비하여 자갈함량이 30%가 되면 약 3.8배 증가하였다. 배추재배 시험 후 토양의 화학성은 NH₄-H 농도와 pH는 처리간에 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았고, NO₃-N 농도는 자갈함량 30%까지는 증가하다가 50%부터는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 사양토에서 자갈의 함량이 30%일 때 질소비료 240 kg/ha, 자갈함량이 50%일 때 질소비료 120 kg/ha을 시용하면 배추의 생육장해를 가져올 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 토양에 시비를 하게 되면 염류장해와 위조현상을 초래하므로 토양유실이 심한 고랭지는 특수환경을 고려한 시비기준이 설정되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. Continuous monocropping of Chinese cabbage in Gangwon highland increased gravel and sand contents due to surface soil erosion. Nutrient leaching and Chinese cabbage growth were investigated with different treatments of gravel contents and nitrogen application levels by using 0.5 m²Wagner pots. Gravel contents were 0, 10, 30, 50, 70, and 90%(w/w), nitrogen application levels were 60, 120, and 240 kg/ha, and manure compost application rate was 15 ton per hectare, respectively. Wagner pots were filled with loamy sand soil mixed with 5 cm-sized gravels. Fresh weight of Chinese cabbage was decreased as gravel contents in soil increased, and particularly severely decreased at 240 kg-N/ha. Yields of Chinese cabbage were remark-ably decreased at the rate of 60 kg-N/ha with 30% gravel content and 120 kg-N/ha with 50% gravel content. Most of Chinese cabbages were severely wilted by heavy N application at the rate of 240 kg-N/ha in the middle of growth stages regardless of gravel contents, while about 50% of Chinese cabbage showed wilting symptom in the treatment of more than 50% of gravel contents and 120 kg-N/ha. N content in leachate in-creased as gravel content and N application increased. The relationship between gravel content and N con-tents showed linear regression: N in leachate = 0.014(gravel content) -0.039 (r = 0.961). Particularly, NH₄-N contents in leachates with more than 30% gravel content and 240 kg-N/ha ranged from 139~339 mg/L. Chinese cabbage growth in loamy sand soil containing 30%, and 50% gravel contents could be adversely affected by N application at the rate of 240, and 120 kg-N/ha, respectively.

Takayasu′s 동맥염에 의한 쇄골하 동맥류(1예)

조남수,조수형,박광철 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Takayasu's arteritis is a non-specific inflammatory process that involves the aorta and its main branches, the etiology of which remains unknown. This arteritis occurs predominantly in young Asian women, although there have been many documented cases in males and non-Asians. Criteria for the diagnosis of Takayasu's arteritis were developed by The Subcommittee on Classification of Vasculitis of the American College of Rheumatology in 1990, of which a modified version is shown in Table 1. The presence of three or more of the six criteria shown demonstrated a diagnostic sensitivity of 90.5% and a specificity of 97.8%. Takayasu's arteritis is known as 'pulseless disease,' and this non-specific inflammatory arteriopathy typically produces segmental arterial narrowing and occlusion with resultant end-organ ischemic consequences, including upper extremity digital necrosis, stroke, visceral ischemia and renal failure. Previously reported sites of aneurysm formation include the thoracic and abdominal aorta, as well as the innominate, the carotid and the superior mesenteric arteries, but rarely the subclavian artery. A 26-year-old man presented with a progressively enlarging and tender pulsatile mass at the base of the left neck, intermittent Claudication of the upper limbs in association with a decreased brachial artery pulse and a bruit over the subclavian artery. Computed tomography and aortography demonstrated a 4 cm × 5 cm aneurysm of the left subclavian artery. There was no evidence of occlusive disease. An aneurysmectomy with 8 mm hemashield graft interposis was performed. Pathology revealed a chronic, active inflammatory process. Aneurysm formation is an unusual complication of Takayasu's arteritis. Emergency department physicians must carefully observed patiens with symptomatic upper extremity pain and paresthesia and must consider whether those symptoms might be due to the formation of a subclavian artery aneurysm due to Takayasu's arthritis

한국 학생과 성인의 미래성취에 대한 사회적 표상 : IMF시대 이전과 이후의 비교를 중심으로 Comparative analysis before and after the 1997 economic crisis

탁수연,김의철,박영신 한국아동교육학회 2004 아동교육 Vol.13 No.2

토착심리학적인 접근방법에 의해 한국인의 성공외식과 실패의식에 관한 연구가 이미 진행되어 왔다. 본 연구는 TMF시대 전후의 미래성찰에 대한 한국인의 사회적 표상을 분석하는데 주된 목적이 있다. 이를 위한 구체적인 분석 내용은, 한국 사람들이 미래에 하고 싶은 일, 미래성치에 도움이 필요한 사람, 미래성과에 가장 중요한 요인을 시도하였다. 즉, 한국인의 미래 성취의식에 대한 분석은 학생과 성인 세대별로 시도하고, IMF시대 전후 비교를 통하여 이러한 결과를 단편적으로 이해하는 것이 아니라 종합적인 관계 속에서 파악하고자 한다. 130 이전 연구의 분석대상은 학생은 고등학생 486명(남273, 여 209, 무용담 4)과 대학생 244명(남 113, 여 127, 무응답 4)으로 총 730명 이었다. IMF시대 이후의 표집대상은 총 988명으로서 학생 481명(초 116명, 중 88명, 고 72명,대 205명), 성인 507명(부 236명, 모 271명)이었다. IMF시대 전후의 미래성취의 분석결과는 동일하게 나타났다. 미래에 하고 싶은 일로 학생은 취업과 학업성취를, 성인은 가정생활과 직장생활에 가장 많은 반응을 보였다. 미래성취에 가장 도움이 필요.한 사람으로는 학생은 부모님을 성인 집단은 배우자를 포함한 '부모 의 가족'을 지적하였다. 미래 성취에 가장 중요한 요인은 꾸준한 노력과 강인한 의지력 같은 '자기조절'이 가장 높은 반응을 보였다. Past researches have examined the indigenous characteristics of achievement and failure experiences prior to the 1997 Asian Economic Crisis, otherwise known as the IMF crisis in Korea. The purpose of this study is to examine achievement aspiration of respondents before and after the economic crisis. Respondents were asked what they would like to achieve in the future, the significant other from whom they needed to receive social support, and the main factor that will help them to achieve their goal. A total of 730 participants, consisting of 486 high school students (273 male, 209 female, and 4 no response) and 244 university students (113 male, 127 female, and 4 no response) completed an open-ended survey prior to the economic crisis. A total of 988 Korean students and their parents participated in the study after the economic crisis (116 primary school students, 88 middle school students, 72 high school students, and their fathers 236 and mothers 271). The overall pattern of results before the economic crisis is similar to those obtained after the economic crisis. For students, the most aspired future achievements are obtaining a desire profession and academic achievement. For adults, happiness within the family and job success are the most important future achievements. For social support, students indicated that they needed support from their parents, and adults indicated that they needed support from their spouse and other family members. Both groups indicated that self-regulation (i.e., persistence effort and will) as the most important factor for them to realize their goals.

실제 사건에서 수집된 음성 데이터에 의한 자동화자식별 시스템의 평가 및 개선 방법에 관한 연구

홍수기,박명철 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

보호관찰 청소년의 상담지도를 통한 사례분석

탁수연,박영신,김의철 한국아동교육학회 2005 아동교육 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구는 보호관찰청소년들의 특성을 심층적으로 접근하기 위하여 상담을 통한 사례분석을 시도하였다. 분석대상은 인천광역시에서 보호관찰을 받으면서 상담실에 의뢰된 청소년 중 50명(남: 38명, 여: 12명)을 대상으로 하였다. 이 중 상담이 계속 진행 중이거나 보호관찰 교육이 종료된 상담지속집단 26명(남: 19명, 여. 7명)과, 재범을 일으켜 상담이 중단된 상담중단집단 24명(남: 19명, 여: 5명)을 집단 구분하여 환경과 심리행동의 차이를 살펴보았다. 또한 2002년 1월부터 1년 동안 상담한 3명의 사례를 제시하였다. 첫 번째 사례는 폭력으로 재범을 하여 상담이 중단된 고등학교 1학년에 복학한 남자 청소년의 경우이고, 두 번째 사례는 부모의 관심과 도움으로 성공적으로 보호관찰을 마친 중학교 2학년 여자 청소년의 경우이며, 끝으로 집나간 어머니와 교도소에 간 아버지를 기다리며 오갈 데 없이 떠돌아다니다 연락이 두절되어 상담이 중단된 14세의 남자 청소년의 사례를 제시하였다. 상담 중인 보호관찰 청소년의 집단별 차이를 분석한 연구 결과, 상담 지속 집단과 상담 중단 집단간에 가정환경과 심리적 특성의 모든 변인에서 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 양적인 분석과 더불어 상담활동을 통한 사례분석은 보호관찰 청소년의 심리 특성에 대해 보다 심층적으로 이해하고 본질적인 원인을 찾아내어 재범 방지와 청소년 지도에 기여할 수 있는 자료가 될 것이라는 점에 본 연구의 의의를 둔다. This paper attempted a case study through counseling to analyze the characteristics of adolescents under probation. A total of 50 adolescents under probation(male 38, female 12) in Incheon that were in the process of counseling participated in this study. This examines the environmental and psychological differences between 24 respondents that recommit crimes and discontinued counseling and 26 respondents that were in the process of counseling. And we represented three case of counseling for one year from 2002. The first case is a male, first year high school student who recommit violation while he was under probation. The second case is a female, second year middle school student who successfully finished probation period without recommitment of crime, thanks to her parents' care and help. The third case is 14 year old boy who is under a criminal trial, whose father is in jail, and mother left the family. With the results, there was no family environmental and psychological characteristic difference between continuous counseling group and discontinuous counseling group. A case of study through counseling and quantitative analysis provide data that we understand adolescents' psychological characteristics and reduce recurrence of juvenile delinquency.

Soil Loss of the Sloped Upland with Different Grass Strip in Korean Highland

Chol-Soo Park,Gye-Jun, Lee,Jeong-Tae Lee,Seon-Woong Hwang 한국토양비료학회 2005 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2005 No.9

Effect of Various Nitrogen Fertilizers on Rice Yield in Direct Seeding on Dry Paddy

Chol-Soo Park(박철수),Yeong-Sang Jung(정영상),Ho-Jin Lee(이호진),Jin-Ho Joo(주진호),Jun-Han Seo(서준한) 한국토양비료학회 2000 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.33 No.5

Reliability and Data Integration of Duplicated Test Results Using Two Bioelectrical Impedence Analysis Machines in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study

Park, Bo-Young,Yang, Jae-Jeong,Yang, Ji-Hyun,Kim, Ji-Min,Cho, Lisa-Y.,Kang, Dae-Hee,Shin, Chol,Hong, Young-Seoub,Choi, Bo-Youl,Kim, Sung-Soo,Park, Man-Suck,Park, Sue-K. The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2010 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.43 No.6

Objectives: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), a multicenter-based multi-cohort study, has collected information on body composition using two different bioelectrical impedence analysis (BIA) machines. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of whether the test values measured from different BIA machines can be integrated through statistical adjustment algorithm under excellent inter-rater reliability. Methods: We selected two centers to measure inter-rater reliability of the two BIA machines. We set up the two machines side by side and measured subjects' body compositions between October and December 2007. Duplicated test values of 848 subjects were collected. Pearson and intra-class correlation coefficients for inter-rater reliability were estimated using results from the two machines. To detect the feasibility for data integration, we constructed statistical compensation models using linear regression models with residual analysis and R-square values. Results: All correlation coefficients indicated excellent reliability except mineral mass. However, models using only duplicated body composition values for data integration were not feasible due to relatively low $R^2$ values of 0.8 for mineral mass and target weight. To integrate body composition data, models adjusted for four empirical variables that were age, sex, weight and height were most ideal (all $R^2$ > 0.9). Conclusions: The test values measured with the two BIA machines in the KoGES have excellent reliability for the nine body composition values. Based on reliability, values can be integrated through algorithmic statistical adjustment using regression equations that includes age, sex, weight, and height.