Expression of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-I (CRABP-I) in the cerebrospinal fluid of adult onset moyamoya disease and its association with clinical presentation and postoperative haemodynamic change

Jeon, Jin Sue,Ahn, Jun Hyong,Moon, Youn-joo,Cho, Won-Sang,Son, Young-Je,Kim, Seung-Ki,Wang, Kyu-Chang,Bang, Jae Seung,Kang, Hyun-Seung,Kim, Jeong Eun,Oh, Chang Wan BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2014 Journal of neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry Vol.85 No.7

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>The elevation of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-I (CRABP-I) has been suggested as a candidate in the pathogenesis of paediatric moyamoya disease (MMD). However, few studies have addressed CRABP-I in adult onset MMD. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of CRABP-I in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of adult onset MMD, and to evaluate its association with clinical presentation and postoperative haemodynamic change.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>This study examined the CSF from 103 patients: bilateral MMD, n=58 (56.3%); unilateral MMD, n=19 (18.4%); atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease (ACVD), n=21 (20.4%); and control group, n=5 (4.9%). The intensity of CRABP-I was confirmed by western blotting and expressed as the median (25th–75th percentile). The differences in CRABP-I expression according to disease entity (unilateral MMD vs bilateral MMD vs ACVD), initial presenting symptoms (haemorrhage vs ischaemia) and postoperative haemodynamic change (vascular reserve in single photon emission CT and basal collateral vessels in digital subtraction angiography) were analysed.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>CRABP-I intensities in bilateral MMD (1.45(0.86–2.52)) were significantly higher than in unilateral MMD (0.91(0.78–1.20)) (p=0.044) or ACVD (0.85(0.66–1.11)) (p=0.004). No significant differences were noted based on the initial presenting symptoms (p=0.687). CRABP-I was not associated with improvement in vascular reserve (p=0.327), but with decrease in basal collateral vessels (p=0.023) postoperatively.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Higher CRABP-I in the CSF can be associated with typical bilateral MMD pathogenesis in adults. Additionally, postoperative basal collateral change may be related to the degree of CRABP-I expression.</P>

아날로그 乘算器의 構成에 關한 硏究

文彩柱,張永學,朴奎南 順天大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

三角波 發生器를 따로 構成하여야 하는 번거로움을 없애고 더욱 간단해진 時分解方式의 아날로그 乘算器를 設計했으며, 이 乘算器는 x入力값의 變化에 따른 出力값이 즉시 安定化된 狀態를 얻을 수 있다. 實驗結果 이 아날로그 乘算器의 실제 값들이 잘 一致함을 알 수 있었으며, 앞으로 더욱 正確하고 速度가 빠른 아날로그 乘算器가 硏究되어야 할 것으로 생각한다. The modification of time-division multipliers has been investigated with respect to their fabrication and response to input. This paper proposed a new type of four-quadrant analog multiplier, which does not require a triangular-wave generator compared to the old type of multipliers and thus it is quite simple. A new type multiplier immediately acquires the steady state when one particular signal changes from one value to another. Experimental results closely agree with the theoritical values.

이온빔에 의해 제조한 TiN 박막의 기계적 성질

장문식,이규용 釜慶大學校 1997 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.2 No.2

Hard coating on cutting tools have become an imteresting research area in mechanical engineering. Thin film of titanium nitride(TiN) has beem used to extend tool life using its high hardness, wear resistance and high melting point. This film material can be prepared usually by CVD or PVD, but CVD involves high temperature processing and low deposition rate, Dual ion beam(DIM) deposition, a simultaneous process of sputter deposition and ion beam assist, is a movel technique for achieving excellent film properties with enhanced adhesion to the substrate. TiN films hace been prepared on the WC insert tip using DIB deposition techniqe. The effects of processing parameters such as N/Ti arrival ratio and ion beam crrent to the crystal structures and mechanical properties of the films were investigated. XRD analysis indicated that the crystalline structure of the TiN films was changed from amorphous phase forr N/Ti ratio of 0.5 to TiN(200) for high N/Tiratio of 1.0. The lowest wear rate of the film was obtained with N/Ti ration of 1.25 and ion beam current of 0.6 mA whih showed both high hardness and good adhesion to the substrate.

우리 나라 都市와 農村地方의 母乳授乳 實態에 關한 調査硏究 : 全南地方을 中心으로

文松洙,具光鍊,金成宜,韓圭炯,羅昌洙 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1983 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.8 No.1

Human milk is the best source of nutrients for the human infant, and its nutritional and immunologic benefits are now established, In spite of these advantages, the incidence and duration of breast feeding- is decreasing in many part of the world. The purpose of the study is to collect the data on breast feeding practice in rural and urban area of Chullanamdo, Korea and to follow the trend toward breast feeding in fuutre. Between July 1981 and January 1982, 674 mothers with the children under 2 years of age have been interviewed at Out-Patient Department. The breast feeding situation at the time of interviewed was recorded. The percentage of wholly breast-fed in the age group of 0~1, 1-2, 2~3 ,3~4, 4~5, 5~6, 6-12 and 12~24 months were 61.8%, 50.0%, 51.6%, 65.2%, 50.0%, 45.7%, 23.0% and 17.3% respectively. And the percentage of partially breast-fed in the age group of 0~1, 1~2, 2~3, 3~4, 4~5, 5~6, 6~12, and 12~24 months were 29.4%, 33.3%, 25.8%, 17.4%, 34.2%, 39.1%, 8.6% and 80.0% respectively, In the incidence of wholly breast feeding, there was no correlation between deliveries in hospital and deliveries at home attended by midwives or traditional midwives. The most frequent reasons for partially breast-fed in the age group of 0~1, 1~2, 2~3, and 3~4 months were not enough breast milk.

小兒 急性絲述體腎炎에 있어서 血淸 免疫글로불린에 關한 硏究

文松洙,韓圭炯,明槿哲,文炅來,羅昌洙 조선의대 1984 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.9 No.1

전경대원에서 발생한 결핵의 임상 양상

문창기,박상준,조민구,김영중,김소연,김윤권,정준오,안석진,김은실,서승오,김지훈,최원제,이윤영,박형기,최규영,김현근 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background: The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in combat and auxiliary police, living in a group, in Korea where the incidence rate of active TB in a general population is higher than in Western countries. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all tuberculosis patients diagnosed at National Police Hospital from January 2002 through December 2004. Results:In 2002-2004, a total of 156 cases of tuberculosis were identified with the mean (Standard deviation) age of 20.6 (±1.0) years. Of these, 134 (85.9%) patients were registered as new cases, 11 (7.1%) as relapse, 2 (1.3%) as failure, 5 (3.1%) as treatment-after-default cases whereas 4 (2.6 %) patients were not included in any categories. Average annual new TB rate and smear-positive TB rate were 86.5/10^(5) and 17.4/10^(5) person-years, respectively. In 12 of 31 smear-positive cases, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was more than 30 days. Two multidrug-resistance TB cases were identified and two suspected outbreak episodes of TB had occurred during 3 years. Conclusion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of new cases of TB between the general population aged 20 to 29 years and combat and auxiliary police in Korea. 배경 : 국내 결핵의 발생은 감소 추세에 있으나 여전히 후진국형 발생양상을 보이고 있다. 특히 집단생활을 하는 젊은이들에서 발생하는 결핵의 유행이 간헐적으로 알려지고 있어 우려를 낳고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 전경대원의 결핵 발병 양상에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 경찰병원에서 결핵 진료를 받은 전경대원의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 연도별 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성결핵 신환율, 진단 지연, 집단발병, 다제내성결핵을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연도별 결핵 신환자 수(10만명당 발생추정치)는 2002년 50명(83.6명), 2003년 42명(83.7명), 2004년 42명(93.5명)이었고 도말양성 폐결핵 신환자 수는 2002년 10명(16.7명), 2003년 11명(21.9명), 2004년 6명(13.4명)이었다. 3년간 도말양성 폐결핵 환자는 31명이 있었고 그 중 12명은 호흡기 증상 발생 30일이 지나서 진단을 받았다. 다제내성 결핵은 2명이 있었으며 결핵의 집단발병이 의심되는 사례는 2차례 있었다. 결론 : 전경대원과 20-29세 연령군 일반인의 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성 폐결핵 발생률의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

병재배 폐톱밥을 이용한 양송이 복토재료 개발에 관한 연구

김홍규,이희덕,김용균,한규홍,문창식,김홍기 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1999 생물공학연구지 Vol.7 No.-

애느타리 병재배후 탈병한 톱밥을 3월 중순 퇴적하여 부숙시킨 결과 퇴적기간에 따른 폐톱밥의 부숙정도는 퇴적 30일이후에 가장 컸으며 부숙 소요일수는 최소 48일이었다. 퇴적 기간에 따른 폐톱밥의 pH 및 총 질소 함량은 부숙이 진전됨에 따라 증가하는 경향이었고 총 탄소 및 C/N율은 시간이 경과함에 따라 감소하는 경향이었다. 식양토에 부숙이 완료된 톱밥을 부피 비율로 10, 30, 50%씩 첨가하여 복토 재료로 사용한 결과 30% 첨가시 식양토 단용 처리보다 A. bisporus 균사 생장이 촉진되고 초발이 소요일수가 5일 빠르며, 수량에 있어서도 28% 증수되었다. After bottle culture of Pleurotus ostreatus, sawdust was taken out from the bottle and accumulated in the middle of March, and then composted. As the result, Y value was decreased rapidly 30 days after composting, and it was decreased slowly after 30 days. It is considered that 118 days is required for composting, however, it is possible to use for casing material after at least 48 days composting. The pH and total nitrogen content of sawdust based on composting period had tendency to increase as composting was processed. Total carbon and C/N rate had tendency to decrease as time went on. Based on the rate of 10, 30 and 50%, each sawdust was added to clay loam used as casing material for culturing A. bisporrus. Among various treatments, the mycelial growth of A. bisporus was more favorable in the treatment of 30% sawdust than in the single treatment of clay loam. Based on the date necessary for primodium formation of A. bisporus, the primodium formation in the treatment of 30% sawdust was reduced to about 5 days as compared with that of any other treatments When 30% sawdust was added to clay loam used as casing material for culturing A. bisporus, the yield of its fruiting body was increased to 28%.

숙성온도가 된장의 품질에 미치는 영향

김문석,김은미,장규섭 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2008 농업과학연구 Vol.35 No.1

There were four types of Doenjang fermentation as following conditions for investigation ; 1) low temperature fermentation at 13℃ for 180 days, 2) low temperature at 13℃ for 7 days to room temperature at 30℃ for 10 days, to low temperature at 13℃ for 163 days, and for 173 days, 3) low temperature at 13℃ 7 days to room temperature at 30℃, 4) room temperature at 3 0℃ for 180 days. There were no changes of moisture, NaCl and total nitrogen content during fermentation period of four types conditions, but pH and amino type nitrogen decreased in room temperature at 30℃ for 180 days. It required 3 times more fermentation period until same quantity of the amino type nitrogen. The low temperature fermentation sample was lower than room temperature fermentation sample in pH and amino type nitrogen. The yeast decreased in low temperature fermentation sample taken 15 to 30 days longer than room temperature sample. The yeast is increased up to 30 days, and decreased little by little. After 60 days, it remained a few without effectiveness on the Doenjang quality. The low temperature fermentation sample showed brighter than room temperature fermentation sample. Different fermentation condition affected Doenjnag quality, especially, low temperature fermentation sample showed bright color in Doenjnag. So low temperature fermentation must be expected as good method for getting high quality Doenjnag. 메주를 만들 때 저온숙성의 경우 상온숙성보다 발효 특성과 관련이 있는 pH, 아미노산성 질소 등의 양이 낮았으며 동일한 아미노태 질소 함량에 도달하기까지 숙성기간이 약 2∼3배정도 필요한 것으로 나타났고, 된장의 색상이 약 2배정도 밝은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 숙성초기 낮은 온도로 인해 산성생균의 활동성이 낮아지고 이로 인한 유기산 생성량이 낮아져 상온숙성 된장에 비해 pH가 높고, acidity I 이 낮으며, 저온숙성된장은 가수분해 효소에 의한 분해속도의 저하로 낮은 아미노산성 질소 함량을 보였다.

마이크로 프로세서에 의한 多重채널 데이터 側定에 관한 硏究

朴奎南,張永學,文彩柱 순천대학교 공업기술연구소 1987 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Data acquisition of fast time­varying phenomena is relevant to voltage measurement such as speed retrieval of data for analysis, number of channels, etc. To overcome these limitation, a software­based high speed Multichannel Data Acquisition system has been designed and developed. The prototype hardware assembly consists of R6502 microprocessor, 8 bit A/D converter with 8 channel analog multiplexer and related interface circuitry. The data are stored in 32k byte DRAM memory and the stored data are retrieved by a low speed system clock through a digital­to­analog converter onto an X­Y recorder.

양이온 고분자전해질의 수중 입자의 응집에 미치는 교반강도 및 주입량의 영향

감상규,문창성,김대경,고병철,허철구 濟州大學校 海洋硏究所 2002 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.26 No.-

Using several cationic polyelectrolytes of different charge density and molecular weight as flocculants and a simple continuous optical technique(photometric dispersion analyzer, PDA), the effects of mixing intensity and polyelectrolyte dosage on flocculation of kaoline particles(35 NTU) and particles(34.7 NTU) in Kangjung reversior of heavy rainfall have been examined. The optimum mixing was obtained at the stirring of 200rpm(G= 869 s^-1). The charge density of a polyelectrolyte is important in determining the optimum dosage and in the removl of particles. The optimum dosage is less for the polyelectrolyte of higher charge density and at the dosage, the removal of particles is higher for the polyelectrolyte of higher charge density and zeta potential of particles reaches to near zero. The optimum dosage for the removal of particles should be determined by flocculation test and not be determined by the turbidity of particles in water.