Downlink Signal Measurement Algorithm for WCDMA/HSPA/HSPA+

( Bit-na Kwon ),( Eui-hak Lee ),( Dae-ki Hong ),( Sung-jin Kang ),( Min-goo Kang ),( Hyoung-kyu Song ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.8

Wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), high speed packet access (HSPA) and HSPA+ are third generation partnership project (3GPP) standards. These systems are the major wireless communication standards. In order to test the performance of WCDMA/HSPA/HSPA+ signal in a base station, the measurement hardware is required to the evaluation of the transmitted signals. In this paper, the algorithm for the performance measurement of the WCDMA/HSPA/HSPA+ is proposed. Also, the performance of the measurement algorithm is used to evaluate the generated signal by the WCDMA/HSPA/HSPA+ signal generator. Generally, the algorithm of normal modems cannot be applied to the measurement system because the signal measurement equipment needs to guarantee the high accuracy. So, the WCDMA/HSPA/HSPA+ signal measurement algorithm for the accurate measurement is proposed. By the simulation, it is confirmed that the proposed measurement algorithm has good performance compared with the specification. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can be usefully applied to verify the performance of the measurement using the simulation.

19세기 말~20세기 초 내한 외국인 저서에 기록된 조선의 백의(白衣)문화

강빛나(Bit Na Kang),전혜숙(Hea Sook Chun) 한국복식학회 2021 服飾 Vol.71 No.2

Difference In Serum Nephrin Expression Between Normal And Preeclamptic Pregnancies; A Preliminary Study

( Bit Na Rae Kim ),( Ja Young Kwon ),( Ye Jin Park ),( Myung Hwa Kang ),( Jong Rak Choi ),( Young Geun Kwon ),( Young Han Kim ),( Yong Won Park ) 대한산부인과학회 2012 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.55 No.8

Objective Nephrin is one of the slit membrane proteins of podocytes in the kidney. It is known that the nephrin is shed in the urine in nephropathy accompanying proteinuira. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in the serum nephrin expression between normal and preeclamptic pregnancies. Methods A total of 20 pregnant women from May to September 2008 who received prenatal care and underwent delivery at our institute participated in the study. The preeclamptic group includes 13 women diagnosed as preeclampsia and a normal group of 7. Their serum were collected before delivery and analyzed by Western blotting for comparing serum nephrin expression. Results There was no difference in age, body weight of pregnant women, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, urine creatinine level and gestational age between two groups. However, preeclampsia group had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure ( P<0.001), serum soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 level ( P= 0.002), and lower birth weight ( P=0.011). In serum Western blot analysis, serum nephrin was detected in 10 of 13 in preeclampsia women (76.9%) but only in 2 of 7 (28.6%) in normal pregnancy women showing statistically significant difference ( P=0.032). Conclusion A higher prevalence of nephrin expression in the maternal serum was found in the preeclampsia when compared to the normal pregnancy.

<i>In Vivo</i> Biocompatibility Study of Electrospun Chitosan Microfiber for Tissue Engineering

Kang, Yun Mi,Lee, Bit Na,Ko, Jae Hoon,Kim, Gyeong Hae,Kang, Kkot Nim,Kim, Da Yeon,Kim, Jae Ho,Park, Young Hwan,Chun, Heung Jae,Kim, Chun Ho,Kim, Moon Suk Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MD 2010 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.11 No.10

<P>In this work, we examined the biocompatibility of electrospun chitosan microfibers as a scaffold. The chitosan microfibers showed a three-dimensional pore structure by SEM. The chitosan microfibers supported attachment and viability of rat muscle-derived stem cells (rMDSCs). Subcutaneous implantation of the chitosan microfibers demonstrated that implantation of rMDSCs containing chitosan microfibers induced lower host tissue responses with decreased macrophage accumulation than did the chitosan microfibers alone, probably due to the immunosuppression of the transplanted rMDSCs. Our results collectively show that chitosan microfibers could serve as a biocompatible <I>in vivo</I> scaffold for rMDSCs in rats.</P>

Regeneration of Completely Transected Spinal Cord Using Scaffold of Poly(D,L-Lactide-co-Glycolide)/Small Intestinal Submucosa Seeded with Rat Bone Marrow Stem Cells

Kang, Kkot Nim,Lee, Ju Young,Kim, Da Yeon,Lee, Bit Na,Ahn, Hyun Hee,Lee, Bong,Khang, Gilson,Park, So Ra,Min, Byoung Hyun,Kim, Jae Ho,Lee, Hai Bang,Kim, Moon Suk Mary Ann Liebert 2011 Tissue engineering. Part A Vol.17 No.17

<P>Using a complete spinal cord transection model, the present study employed a combinatorial strategy comprising rat bone marrow stem cells (rBMSCs) and polymer scaffolds to regenerate neurological function after spinal cord injury (SCI) of different lengths. SCI models with completely transected lesions were prepared by surgical removal of 1?mm (SC1) or 3?mm (SC3) lengths of spinal cord in the eighth-to-ninth spinal vertebrae, a procedure that resulted in bilateral hindlimb paralysis. A cylindrical poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)/small intestinal submucosa scaffold 1 or 3?mm in length with or without rBMSCs was fitted into the completely transected lesion. Rats in SC1 and SC3 groups implanted with rBMSC-containing scaffolds received Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scores for hindlimb locomotion of 15 and 8, respectively, compared with 3 for control rats in SC1-C and SC3-C groups implanted with scaffolds lacking rBMSCs. The amplitude of motor-evoked potentials recorded in the hindlimb area of the sensorimotor cortex after stimulation of the injured spinal cord averaged 100?μV in SC1-C and 10-50?μV in SC3-C groups at 4 weeks, and then declined to nearly zero at 8 weeks. In contrast, the amplitude of motor-evoked potentials increased from 300 to 350?μV between 4 and 8 weeks in SC1 rats and from 200 to 250?μV in SC3 rats. These results demonstrate functional recovery in rBMSC-transplanted rats, especially those with smaller defects. Immunohistochemically stained sections of the injury site showed clear evidence for axonal regeneration only in rBMSC-transplanted SC1 and SC3 models. In addition, rBMSCs were detected at the implanted site 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation, indicating cell survival in SCI. Collectively, our results indicate that therapeutic rBMSCs in a poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)/small intestinal submucosa scaffold induced nerve regeneration in a complete spinal cord transection model and showed that functional recovery further depended on defect length.</P>

The Effects of Content Schema on Korean Middle School EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension

Bit-Na Kim,Yusun Kang 한국응용언어학회 2017 응용 언어학 Vol.33 No.2

Despite numerous research studies concerning the role of content schema in reading comprehension, little is known about its exact contribution to different sub-types of reading comprehension: inferential and factual comprehension, and main idea and details comprehension. Moreover, the potential effects of general language proficiency and language learning backgrounds have been largely overlooked in the existing studies. Thus, this study investigated the effects of schema on these four different sub-types of reading comprehension abilities of Korean EFL learners, while controlling for the effects of English language proficiency, measured by vocabulary knowledge, and oversea experiences. One hundred seventy Korean middle school EFL students participated and were tested on specific content prior knowledge, and their performance on reading comprehension abilities that were sub-divided into inferential, factual, main idea, and detail comprehension was analyzed. The analyses not only revealed strong correlation among the examined variables, but also demonstrated that schema plays a significant predictive role in explaining reading comprehension, especially that in inferential comprehension and details retrieval. These findings have important pedagogical implications for building and activating appropriate content-related background knowledge for middle school EFL students in developing their English reading comprehension abilities.

F-73 TGF-β induced activation of stemness markers by aberrant promoter demethylation in lung cancer

( Bit Na Kim ),( Nahyeon Kang ),( Young Kyoon Kim ),( Seung Joon Kim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.121 No.-

TGF-β promotes tumor invasion and metastasis by inducing EMT. EMT is often associated with acquisition of stemness. Stemness acquisition can be related with activation of cancer stemness genes by DNA demethylation. In this study, we investigated whether EMT induced by TGF-β could acquire stemness by DNA demethylation in lung cancer. Human epithelial (BEAS-2B, A549, H292, H226 and H460) cells were incubated with TGF-β for 3 days. Western blot was performed to analyze epithelial and mesenchymal markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, fibronectin and α-SMA). RT-PCR was performed to analyze the expression of variable stem cell markers (CD44, CD133, CXCR4, ABCG2, CD117, ALDH1A1, EpCAM, CD90, Oct4, Nanog, SOX2, SSEA4, CD166, Bmi-1, klf4, c-myc, and CD87). Wound-healing assay, Matrigel invasion assay, sphere formation assay and in vivo mouse tumor model were used to assess functional characteristics of EMT and stemness acquisition. TGF-β induced EMT and stem cell markers with variable degrees according to lung cell lines. These stem cell markers were increased by treatment with TGF-β except H460 cell line. Invasion and sphere formation were increased according to the expression of stem cell markers. TGF-β enhanced stemness characteristics which were related with DNA demethylation of stem cell markers in lung cancer cell lines. Further studies are needed to investigate the signal mechanism of EMT and stemness acquisition. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No.2014R1A2A1A11052422).

WiMAX용 CPW-fed 모노폴 안테나의 설계

김빛나(Bit-Na Kim),어용치멕 바야르마(Bayarmaa O.),강성운(Sung-Woon Kang),박세필(Sae-Pil Park),김갑기(Kab-Ki Kim) 한국정보기술학회 2012 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2012 No.5

본 논문에서는, WiMax용 CPW-fed 모노폴 안테나를 제안하였다. 안테나의 크기를 소형으로 하기 위해 CPW(Coplanar waveguide) 구조를 제안하였으며, 접지면과 패치가 한 면에 존재하게 된다. 이 때 사용된 기판은 FR-4로 유전율는 4.4이고 15×35㎟의 크기를 갖는다. 제안된 안테나는 WiMAX 대역인 2.5㎓, 3.5㎓와 5.8㎓ 에서 공진하도록 설계하였으며, 입력 대비 반사손실은 -10dB이하에서 동작하고 양호한 반사손실을 나타내었다. In this paper, WiMax for the CPW-fed monopole antenna is proposed. As the size of a small antenna to CPW (Coplanar waveguide) structure proposed ground plane and the patch is present on one side. At this point in FR-4 dielectric substrate is used the size of 4.4 and has a 15 × 35 ㎟. Band antenna for WiMAX 2.5 ㎓, 3.5 ㎓ and was designed to resonate at 5.8 ㎓, compared to the input return loss less than-10dB, and good return loss at the operation, respectively.

대학생의 내면화된 수치심과 전위공격성의 관계에서 방어기제유형의 매개효과

이빛나(Bit Na Lee),강진령(Jin-ryung Kang) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2024 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.24 No.10

목적 본 연구는 대학생들을 대상으로 내면화된 수치심과 전위공격성의 관계에서 방어기제유형의 매개효과를 검증하고자 하는 목적으로 실시되었다. 방법 서울시 소재 4년제 대학교 3곳에서 재학 중인 대학생 300명을 대상으로 대인면접 조사를 실시하여 설문자료를 수집하였으며, 그 중 유학생 7부와 불성실하게 응답한 6부를 제외한 총 287부를 SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 자료 분석은 빈도분석, 기술통계분석, 상관관계분석, 회귀분석, 3단계 중다회귀분석과 Sobel-test를 실시하여 매개효과를 검증하였다. 결과 첫째, 대학생의 내면화된 수치심, 전위 공격성, 방어기제유형 간의 유의한 상관관계를 확인하였다. 둘째, 대학생의 내면화된 수치심과 전위공격성의 관계에서 미성숙한 방어기제유형의 완전 매개효과가 유의한 것으로 나타났으며, 자기억제적 방어기제유형의 부분매개효과가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 결론 전위공격성에 영향을 미치는 내면화된 수치심을 가진 대학생이 일상에서 내적 갈등을 처리하기 위해 어떠한 방어기제유형을 사용하는가에 따라 전위공격성에 차별적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 특히 내면화된 수치심과 전위공격성의 관계에서 미성숙한 방어기제유형이 완전매개하고 있기 때문에 대학생의 전위공격성을 낮추기 위해 상담 장면에서 내담자의 방어기제유형을 사전에 파악하고 이를 변화시킬 수 있는 구체적인 치료적 개입을 시사할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of defense mechanism style on the relationship beꠓtween internalized shame and displaced aggression. Methods A self-report questionnaire was distributed in order to measure internalized shame, displaced ag-gression and defense mechanism style, targeting university students enrolled in 3 different universities in Seoul during the period from March to April 2019. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed and all of them were retrieved. As a total, 287 samples excluding 7 non-Korean participants (international students) and 6 participants who responded incompletely were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 program. For statistical analysis, a regression analysis and a three-stage multiple regression analysis were performed in order to establish the correlation among internalized shame, displaced aggression, and defense mechanism style. Finally, we conducted a Baron and Kenny’s three-stage multiple regression analysis (1986) to verify the mediating effect of the defense mechanism style. Results First, significant correlations have been identified among university students' internalized shame, dis-placed aggression, and defense mechanism style. Second, There were both a complete mediating effect of im-mature defense mechanism style and a partial mediating effect of self-regulation defense mechanism style on the relationship between university students’ internalized shame and displaced aggression. Conclusions In conclusion, the results of this study show that in students who display displaced aggression, the manner in which they used this psychological mechanism to handle internal conflicts in daily life significantly influ-enced their internal displaced aggression variably. Therefore, this study concludes that examining and under-standing the defense mechanism of counselees must precede specific counseling in order to mitigate university students’ displaced aggression.

Folate metabolizing gene polymorphisms and genetic vulnerability to preterm birth in Korean women

Kwon Bit Na,Lee Noo Ri,Kim Hyung Jun,Kang Yun Dan,Kim Jong Soo,Park Jin Wan,Jin Han Jun 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.8

Background The folate metabolism that converts homocysteine to methionine is closely related to the accumulation of homocysteine. Increased homocysteine levels lead to an impaired antithrombotic function of the vascular endothelium and uterine-placental circulation, resulting in abnormal pregnancy outcomes. Previous studies have reported that gene polymorphisms in folate metabolism are associated with the development of preterm birth (PTB) in various populations. Objective we performed a case–control study to evaluate the association between fve polymorphisms in folate metabolic genes (MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, TCN2) and PTB. Methods In this study, a total of 254 subjects were analyzed (111 patients with PTB and 143 women at≥38 weeks of gestation). Genotype and allele frequency diferences between patients and control groups and the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were assessed using a Chi-square test. For evaluation indicators, odds ratios (ORs) of 95% confdence intervals (CI) were estimated. In addition, we analyzed the combined genotype frequencies of SNPs of folate-metabolizing genes to measure gene–gene interactions for PTB. Results Our results showed that the MTR rs1805087 GG (p=0.031), and TCN2 rs1801198 CG genotype (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.288–0.980, p=0.042) were signifcantly associated with PTB. The MTHFR rs4846049 AA showed a marginal trend toward signifcance (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.018–1.205, p=0.041). In particular, the combined genotypes, including MTHFR rs1537514 CC—MTRR rs1801394 GG, MTHFR rs1537514 CC—TCN2 rs1801198 CG, and MTR rs1805087 AA—TCN2 rs1801198 CG, have signifcant interactions with PTB (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.248–0.992, p<0.05). Conclusion The polymorphisms of folate metabolic genes may have a genetic association with the development of PTB in Korean women. A larger sample set and functional studies are required to further elucidate our fndings.