Determinants of Commercial Banks’ Efficiency in Bangladesh: Does Crisis Matter?

Banna,Hasanul,Ahmad,Rubi,Koh,Eric H.Y. 한국유통과학회 2019 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2019 No.-

Banks play a crucial role in bringing stability and economic development through their expected contribution in proper financial resource mobilisation across the economy. Despite the great importance, there is little focus in recent literature which provided empirical evidence on the effect of global financial crisis and post-crisis on the banks of Bangladesh and other determinants of Bangladesh bank efficiency. Thus, this paper aims to examine the effect of global financial crisis and post-crisis, and other determinants of the efficiency of Bangladesh commercial banks. By employing the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, we computed the technical efficiency of individual banks operating in the Bangladesh banking sector during 2000 to 2013. The empirical findings indicate that the Bangladesh banking sector has exhibited the highest efficiency level during 2001, while efficiency seems to be at the lowest level during 2010. The study finds that crisis along with bank size, capital adequacy ratio, return on average equity and real interest rate have a significant effect on bank efficiency in Bangladesh. In order to keep the sound financial development of Bangladesh, banks operating in the Bangladesh banking sector have to consider all the potential technologies which could improve their profit efficiency levels, since the main motive of banks is to maximise shareholders’ value or wealth through profit maximisation.

Evaluation of emotion-based messages designed to motivate Hispanic and Asian parents of early adolescents to engage in calcium-rich food and beverage parenting practices

Banna, Jinan Corinne,Reicks, Marla,Gunther, Carolyn,Richards, Rickelle,Bruhn, Christine,Cluskey, Mary,Wong, Siew Sun,Misner, Scottie,Hongu, Nobuko,Johnston, N Paul The Korean Nutrition Society 2016 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.10 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Setting healthful beverage expectations, making calcium-rich foods and beverages (CRF/B) available, and role modeling are parenting practices promoting calcium intake among early adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate emotion-based messages designed to motivate parents of early adolescents to perform these practices. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Emotion-based messages were developed for each parenting practice and tested in 35 parents from 5 states. Findings were used to modify messages and develop a survey administered via Amazon MechanicalTurk to a convenience sample of Asian (n = 166) and Hispanic (n = 184) parents of children 10-13 years. Main outcome measures were message comprehension, motivation, relevance, acceptability, and novelty. Engagement in the parenting practices was also assessed. RESULTS: Message comprehension was acceptable for the majority of parents. Most also agreed that messages were motivational (setting healthful beverage expectations (69.0%), making CRF/B available (67.4%), and role modeling (80.0%)), relevant and acceptable. About 30-50% indicated they had not seen the information before. Many parents indicated they were already engaging in the practices (> 70%). No racial/ethnic differences were observed for responses to messages or engaging in parenting practices. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that emotion-based messages designed to motivate parents to engage in parenting practices that promote calcium intake among early adolescents were motivating, relevant, and acceptable.

Effect of exchange rate uncertainty on bilateral trade performance in SAARC countries: a gravity model analysis

Banna Banik,Chandan Kumar Roy 경희대학교 글로벌 통상·금융연구원 2021 International Trade, Politics and Development Vol.5 No.1

Exchange rate uncertainty leads to an indecisive environment for imports and exports that would condense international trade, foreign direct investment, trade earnings, trade volumes, economic growth and welfare. This study aims to examine, empirically, the effect of exchange rate uncertainty on bilateral trade performance, focusing on eight SAARC member economies using the popular modified gravity model of trade.The paper includes eight SAARC members – Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka panel data set over the period 2005–2018. The authors consider both standardized value (standard deviation) and conditional variance model to determine volatility of exchange rate. Primarily, ordinary least squares, random effects and fixed effects estimation techniques are employed to investigate the impact of exchange rate volatility. Endogeneity and robustness of the findings have been tested using the simultaneity-adjusted model and dynamic panel data two-step system GMM estimation techniques.Empirical findings endorse the view that exchange rate volatility lowers trade flows in the SAARC regions. However, this adverse effect of exchange rate uncertainty on trade is pretty small. The negative correlation between exchange rate volatility and bilateral trade remains consistent and significant after controlling of simultaneous causality, autocorrelation, year effects, country-pair heterogeneity and endogeneity irrespective of panel data estimation techniques and different measures of volatility.The present paper is original work.

환경 사업 지속성에 관한 호주인 경영자들의 전략적인 견해에 대한 주관적 인식

Sumayya Banna,Mohammad Al Mutairi,Helen Hasan,Joseph Meloche 한국주관성연구학회 2012 Journal of Human Subjectivity Vol.10 No.1

Typical of Q methodology studies this work includes tables of statements and sorting grids representing in this case presenting the views of diverse managers in Australia on current environmental business sustainability issues. It explores the extent that managers take into consideration current environmental issues when they are making financial decisions in order to enable firms to maintain sustainability and a competitive edge. The application of Q methodology in this study is to offer a complementary and alternative approach for evaluating the views on corporate environmental issues. The Q study began with the concourse stage where participants were instructed to freely express their thoughts towards environmental issues when making strategic decisions. In addition, some statements are collected from secondary sources such as journal articles. Following a refinement and clarification of the collected statements, a total of 40 statements were used for the Q sort that was conducted early in 2011. There were 35 participants who successfully sorted 40 statements. The results revealed a four-factor solution and were labelled as ``Proactive``, ``Innovative``, ``Conservative`` and ``Reactive`` managers. 일반적인 Q 방법론의 진술문의 표나 진술문의 분류표를 통해 현재 환경 관련 비즈니스의 지속성에 관한 사안들에 대한 다양한 경영자들의 견해를 반영한다. 경영자는 회사가 재정적인 판단을 내릴 때 지속성 유지와 경쟁력 확보 모두를 유지할 수 있는 범위 안에서 지속가능성을 고려한다. 이 연구에서 Q 방법론은 기업의 환경 사안에 대한 다양한 견해를 판단하기 위한 보조적, 대체적인 접근으로 사용되었다. Q 연구는 참가자가 환경 사안에 대한 전략적인 결정 할 때 자신의 생각을 자유롭게 표현하는 단계에서 사용되었다. 그리고 몇몇 진술들은 저널 기사 같은 2차적 자료에서 발췌되었다. 수정, 정리 과정을 거친 진술들과 함께, 2011년 초에 행해진 Q 분류를 위해 총 40개의 진술문을 사용하였다. 35명의 참가자가 40개의 진술들을 성공적으로 분류하였다. 연구 결과, 4가지 유형 즉, ``적극적인``, ``혁신적인``, ``보수적인``, ``반응을 보이는`` 경영자로 분류 되었다.

Determinants of Commercial Banks’ Efficiency in Bangladesh: Does Crisis Matter?

Hasanul Banna,Rubi Ahmad,Eric H.Y. Koh 한국유통과학회 2017 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.4 No.3

Banks play a crucial role in bringing stability and economic development through their expected contribution in proper financial resource mobilisation across the economy. Despite the importance, there is little focus in recent literature which provided the empirical evidence how the global financial crisis affect the bank efficiency in Bangladesh. Thus, this paper aims to examine the effect of the global financial crisis and other factors on the efficiency of Bangladesh commercial banks. By employing the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, we computed the technical efficiency of individual banks operating in the Bangladesh banking sector during 2000 to 2013. The empirical findings indicate that the Bangladesh banking sector has exhibited the highest efficiency level during 2001, while efficiency seems to be at the lowest level during 2010. The study finds that crisis along with bank size, capital adequacy ratio, return on average equity and real interest rate have a significant effect on bank efficiency in Bangladesh. In order to keep the sound financial development of Bangladesh, banks operating in the Bangladesh banking sector have to consider all the potential technologies which could improve their profit efficiency levels, since the main motive of banks is to maximise shareholders’ value or wealth through profit maximisation.

Evaluation of emotion-based messages designed to motivate Hispanic and Asian parents of early adolescents to engage in calcium-rich food and beverage parenting practices

Jinan Corinne Banna,Marla Reicks,Carolyn Gunther,Rickelle Richards,Christine Bruhn,Mary Cluskey,Siew Sun Wong,Scottie Misner,Nobuko Hongu,N Paul Johnston 대한지역사회영양학회 2016 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.10 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Setting healthful beverage expectations, making calcium-rich foods and beverages (CRF/B) available, and role modeling are parenting practices promoting calcium intake among early adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate emotion-based messages designed to motivate parents of early adolescents to perform these practices. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Emotion-based messages were developed for each parenting practice and tested in 35 parents from 5 states. Findings were used to modify messages and develop a survey administered via Amazon MechanicalTurk to a convenience sample of Asian (n = 166) and Hispanic (n = 184) parents of children 10-13 years. Main outcome measures were message comprehension, motivation, relevance, acceptability, and novelty. Engagement in the parenting practices was also assessed. RESULTS: Message comprehension was acceptable for the majority of parents. Most also agreed that messages were motivational (setting healthful beverage expectations (69.0%), making CRF/B available (67.4%), and role modeling (80.0%)), relevant and acceptable. About 30-50% indicated they had not seen the information before. Many parents indicated they were already engaging in the practices (> 70%). No racial/ethnic differences were observed for responses to messages or engaging in parenting practices. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that emotion-based messages designed to motivate parents to engage in parenting practices that promote calcium intake among early adolescents were motivating, relevant, and acceptable.

To Build the World Anew: Decolonization and Cold War in Indonesia

Shofwan Al Banna Choiruzzad 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2020 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.44 No.2

This article investigates the connection between the process of decolonization in Indonesia and the Cold War by proposing two main arguments. First, that the complex process of postcolonial nation-and-state building in Indonesia led to the establishment of “bebas-aktif” (“independent and active”) foreign policy despite the efforts of the Great Powers to take Indonesia into their sphere of influence. This position came from the need to maintain the unity of the newly established state in the context of fierce competition between ideological groups in Indonesia. These included secular nationalists, Islamic nationalists, and communists, which began with the rise of nationalist movements in the Dutch East Indies and continued after independence in 1945. The second main argument of this article is that the Cold War shaped the trajectory of Indonesia’s nation-and-state building process enormously. The Cold War calculation helped Indonesia to gain international recognition despite the Dutch ambition to keep its colonial possession. The narrative of Indonesia as a leader of Asian and African countries amidst the menacing domination of the great powers also lent credibility to the new state in the eyes of its people, as well as setting the normative limits of ideological competition inside the country. The Cold War also created disturbances in the nation-andstate building project, which manifested in several incidents that threatened the unity and even the very existence of the new nation. This culminated in the exclusion of communist groups from the national compromise required for nationand- state building This article investigates the connection between the process of decolonization in Indonesia and the Cold War by proposing two main arguments. First, that the complex process of postcolonial nation-and-state building in Indonesia led to the establishment of “bebas-aktif” (“independent and active”) foreign policy despite the efforts of the Great Powers to take Indonesia into their sphere of influence. This position came from the need to maintain the unity of the newly established state in the context of fierce competition between ideological groups in Indonesia. These included secular nationalists, Islamic nationalists, and communists, which began with the rise of nationalist movements in the Dutch East Indies and continued after independence in 1945. The second main argument of this article is that the Cold War shaped the trajectory of Indonesia’s nation-and-state building process enormously. The Cold War calculation helped Indonesia to gain international recognition despite the Dutch ambition to keep its colonial possession. The narrative of Indonesia as a leader of Asian and African countries amidst the menacing domination of the great powers also lent credibility to the new state in the eyes of its people, as well as setting the normative limits of ideological competition inside the country. The Cold War also created disturbances in the nation-andstate building project, which manifested in several incidents that threatened the unity and even the very existence of the new nation. This culminated in the exclusion of communist groups from the national compromise required for nationand- state building

Survey and Assessment of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae) in Jordan

Luma AI Banna,Patricia Stock,Ahmad Khatbeh,Rula Darwish 한국응용곤충학회 2005 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.05

Flexible ZnO nanorod-based piezoelectric nanogenerators on carbon papers

Hasan Ul Banna, G M,Park, Il-Kyu IOP 2017 Nanotechnology Vol.28 No.44

<P>We report on the fabrication of ZnO nanorod (NR)-based flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) on carbon paper (CP). Structural investigations indicate that the ZnO NRs grew well along the porous CP surface. Optical investigation shows that the crystal quality of the ZnO NRs on the CP was comparable to that of NRs grown on Si substrate. As the molar concentration increased from 10–70 mM, the output voltage and current increased consistently from 3.6–6.8 V and 0.79–1.45 <I>μ</I>A, respectively. The enhancements of the voltage and current were attributed to the enhanced accumulation of the potentials generated by the increased number of ZnO NRs in the PENG devices. Therefore, the porous CP enhanced the PENG performance due to the higher surface area, and provided a super-flexible self-powering platform.</P>

Hollow Spherical Curcumin Nanomicelles CUR@PLA@PF127: A New Trial on Breast Cancer Cells

Fatma S. El-Banna,Nemany A. N. Hanafy,Magdy E. Mahfouz,Maged El Kemary 한국생물공학회 2023 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.28 No.5

Curcumin (CUR) nanomicelles were developed by solvent-evaporation method using Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) for the first time with Pluronic F127 (PF127) to produce CUR@PLA@PF127 nanomicelles. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra confirmed the encapsulation of CUR into the produced nanomicelles (CUR@PLA@PF127). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed the interactions of CUR with PLA and PF127. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis showed the formation of spherical shape of CUR@PLA@PF127 with a diameter around 130-160 nm. To investigate the anticancer effect of the encapsulated CUR, the activity of CUR@PLA@PF127 nanomicelles, free CUR and blank nanomicelles (PLA@PF127) were assayed against two cell lines in-vitro, human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) and human breast skin fibroblast cells. The cytotoxicity assay of CUR@PLA@PF127 nanomicelles, revealed an IC50 value of 159.7 ± 1.36 μg/mL for MCF-7 cells which is much lower than that observed for free CUR. This result suggests that CUR@PLA@PF127 nanomicelles increased CUR potency due to improving its water solubility, resulting in longer release profile, and increasing antiproliferative effect on breast cancer cells (MCF-7). We anticipate that CUR@PLA@PF127 in drug delivery, improving drugs design and that the developed nanomicelles will be regarded one of the most promising nanocarriers for the treatment of breast cancer, and opening the door to future applications in cancer therapies.