http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Malik, Y.P.S.,Chakravarti, S.,Sharma, K.,Vaid, N.,Rajak, K.K.,Balamurugan, V.,Biswas, S.K.,Mondal, B.,Kataria, R.S.,Singh, R.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.7
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the recognition of invading pathogens and the modulation of innate immune responses in mammals. The TLR4 and TLR7 are well known to recognize the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and single stranded (ssRNA) ligands, respectively and play important role in host defense against Gram-negative bacteria and ssRNA viruses. In the present study, coding exon fragments of these two TLRs were identified, cloned, sequenced and analyzed in terms of insertion-deletion polymorphism, within bovine TLRs 4 and 7, thereby facilitating future TLR signaling and association studies relevant to bovine innate immunity. Comparative sequence analysis of TLR 4 exons revealed that this gene is more variable, particularly the coding frame (E3P1), while other parts showed percent identity of 95.7% to 100% at nucleotide and amino acid level, respectivley with other Bos indicus and Bos taurus breeds from different parts of the world. In comparison to TLR4, sequence analysis of TLR7 showed more conservation among different B. indicus and B. taurus breeds, except single point mutation at 324 nucleotide position (AAA to AAM) altering a single amino acid at 108 position (K to X). Percent identity of TLR7 sequences (all 3 exons) was between 99.2% to 100% at nucleotide and amino acid level, when compared with available sequence database of B. indicus and B. taurus. Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool (SMART) analysis showed variations in the exon fragments located in the Leucine Rich Repeat (LRR) region, which is responsible for binding with the microbial associated molecular patterns and further, downstream signaling to initiate anti-microbial response. Considering importance of TLR polymorphism in terms of innate immunity, further research is warranted.
( T. Selvakumar ),( B. Nataraju ),( K. Chandrasekharan ),( S. D. Sharma ),( M. Balavenkatasubbaiah ),( P. Sudhakara Rao ),( V. Thiagarajan ),( S. B. Dandin ) 한국잠사학회 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.11 No.1
While observing silkworm larval samples received from field, microsporidian spores formed within the haemocytes of silkworm haemolymph were observed. The spores of microsporidian sp. were purified and characterized for morphological characters viz., size, shape as well as serological affinity with different Nosema spp. (M11 and M12). The infectivity of the isolated spores to silkworm was also studied. The microsporidian sp. was found to be highly pathogenic to silkworm, B. mori. The isolated microsporidian sp. was designated as NIK-5hm, which formed ovocylindrical spore in the haemocytes of silkworm and differed in spore size (length, 4.55 μm & width, 2.10 μm) and shape from Nosema bombycis (NIK-1s), NIK-2r (Nosema sp. Mysore [3.6 & 2.8 μm]), NIK-3h (Nosema sp. M11 [3.8 & 1.8 μm]), NIK-4m (Nosema sp. M12 [5.0 & 2.1 μm]) and Lb㎳ (Nosema sp. in Lamerine breed of silkworm [4.36 & 2.14]). In immonological test (Latex agglutination test), the isolated microsporidian spores did not react with antibody sensitized latex particles of N. bombycis, M11, M12 and Lb㎳ and thus are different type of microsporidian sp., parasitic to silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Sankar, S.,Sharma, S.K.,Kaur, N.,Lee, B.,Kim, D.Y.,Lee, S.,Jung, H. Ceramurgica ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.42 No.4
An inexpensive chemical method was used to synthesize biogenic mesoporous silica (m-SiO<SUB>2</SUB>) from rice husk ash (RHA). A comparative study was carried out to produce silica nanoparticles (S-SiO<SUB>2</SUB>, R-SiO<SUB>2</SUB>, and B-SiO<SUB>2</SUB>) from three type of rice husk ashes (sticky, red, and brown). The microstructure of m-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> was dependent on the geographical provenance and the types of RHA. An analysis of the SEM and TEM micrographs reveals that the S-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles had a clustered spherical shape, while R-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and B-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles were found to be purely spherical. The average crystallite size of S-SiO<SUB>2,</SUB> R-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and B-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles evaluated from the TEM measurements were observed to be 50, 20 and 10nm, respectively. The XRD pattern of silica nanopowders had an absence of sharp peaks that confirmed the amorphous nature of the material. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of silica nanoparticles showed the symmetric Si-O and O-Si-O stretching bond vibrations at 462, 1088, and 1098cm<SUP>-1</SUP>. The surface area of S-SiO<SUB>2,</SUB> R-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and B-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanopowders was measured to be 7.5513, 201.45, and 247.18m<SUP>2</SUP>g<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The surface area of uniformly-distributed spherical nanoparticles of B-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> was observed the highest, which can be applied for the application of energy storage and drug delivery systems.
Selvakumar T.,Nataraju B.,Chandrasekharan K.,Sharma S. D.,Balavenkatasubbaiah M.,Sudhakara Rao P.,Thiagarajan V.,Dandin S. B. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.11 No.1
While observing silkworm larval samples received from field, microsporidian spores formed within the haemocytes of silkworm haemolymph were observed. The spores of microsporidian sp. were purified and characterized for morphological characters viz., size, shape as well as serological affinity with different Nosema spp. (M$_{11}$ and M$_{12}$). The infectivity of the isolated spores to silkworm was also studied. The microsporidian sp. was found to be highly pathogenic to silkworm, B. mori. The isolated microsporidian sp. was designated as NIK-5hm, which formed ovocylindrical spore in the haemocytes of silkworm and differed in spore size (length, 4.55 $\mu$m & width, 2.10 $\mu$m) and shape from Nosema bombycis (NIK-ls), NIK-2r (Nosema sp. Mysore [3.6 & 2.8 $\mu$m]), NIK-3h (Nosema sp. M$_{11}$ [3.8 & 1.8 $\mu$m]), NIK-4m (Nosema sp. M$_{12}$ [5.0 & 2.1 $\mu$m]) and Lb$_{ms}$ (Nosema sp. in Lamerine breed of silkworm [4.36 & 2.14]). In immonological test (Latex agglutination test), the isolated microsporidian spores did not react with antibody sensitized latex particles of N. bombycis, M$_{11}$, M$_{12}$ and Lb$_{ms}$ and thus are different type of microsporidian sp., parasitic to silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Ferromagnetism in Chemically-synthesized Co-doped ZnO
샤런드라쿠마르,Y. J. Kim,B. H. Koo,최희규,이찬규,S. K. Sharma,M. Knobel,S. Gautam,K. H. Chae 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.55 No.3
We report room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) in Co-doped ZnO (Zn1−xCoxO; x = 0.01 − 0.05) powder synthesized using a co-precipitation method. Our magnetometry data reveal a weak FM behavior at RT in the range 0.01 < x < 0.05. FM by magnetic FM moment steadily decreases with increasing dopant. The O K-edge near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra indicate that O vacancies increases with increasing Co concentration and that the sample with x ≥ 0.03 has more broadening at 535 and 540 eV, which may be due to the oxygen vacancies. Co in the ZnO host reveals a +2 oxidation state via the K edge NEXAFS spectra.
Structural and magnetic properties of chemically synthesized Fe doped ZnO
Kumar, Shalendra,Kim, Y. J.,Koo, B. H.,Sharma, S. K.,Vargas, J. M.,Knobel, M.,Gautam, S.,Chae, K. H.,Kim, D. K.,Kim, Y. K.,Lee, C. G. American Institute of Physics 2009 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS - Vol.105 No.7
<P>We report on the synthesis of Fe-doped ZnO with nominal composition of Zn0.99Fe0.01O by using a coprecipitation method. X-ray diffraction and selective area electron diffraction studies reveal a single phase wurtzite crystal structure without any secondary phase. Field emission transmission electron microscopy measurements infer that Zn0.99Fe0.01O have nanorod-type microstructures. Magnetic hysteresis measurement performed at different temperatures show that Zn0.99Fe0.01O exhibits a weak ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature. A detailed investigation of the electronic and local structure using O K-, Fe L-3,L-2 near edge x-ray absorption fine structure suggests that Fe is substituting Zn in ZnO matrix and is in Fe3+ state. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3073933]</P>
Sharma, A.,Lee, B.K. Elsevier 2016 Applied Catalysis A Vol.523 No.-
<P>TiO2 and TiO2-FeO co-doped carbon spheres (CB) synthesized with a suspension polymerization process, followed by carbonization and activation, were used to promote the sorption and photocatalytic removal of toluene from aqueous media. The TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and Fe doped TiO2 NPs were incorporated during the middle stage of the suspension polymerization reaction. A porous surface texture on the doped CB was developed by a carbonization and activation process at 800 degrees C under N-2 and CO2 atmospheres, respectively. The doped TiO2-FeO NPs acted as visible-light sensitizers for photo-degradation of toluene under visible light irradiation. The maximum removal capacity of toluene (5-100 mg/L of aqueous solution) was found to be 48.3, 78.1 and 103.1 mg/g, for the TiO2, CB-TiO2 and CB-TiO2-FeO, respectively. The great adsorptive-photo-catalytic process for complete removal of toluene with CB-TiO2-FeO was 98.2%. However, reduction of total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) was achieved 84.2 and 94.6% respectively, after 3.5 h under visible light irradiation at an initial pH of 3.5. The catalytic removal of toluene followed a pseudo-first-order reaction. The toluene removal in the dark phase indicated that nonpolar toluene molecules are initially sorbed onto the porous structure of CB-TiO2-FeO via electrostatic bonding between nonpolar molecule moieties with phenolic surface of CB-TiO2-FeO. The greatly enhanced photocatalytic performance of CB-TiO2-FeO mainly stemmed from their strong visible-light-harvesting ability of photo-generated electron-hole pairs. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Kumar Pankaj,Sharma Aditya,Bishnoi Priyanka,Vij Ankush,Kumar Sandeep,Shin Hyun-Joon,Chae K. H.,Lee B. H.,Won S. O. 한국물리학회 2023 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.83 No.6
Pure and doped (Cr and Ge) ZnGa2O4 compounds are prepared using solid-state reaction method. Single-phase nature of pure and doped ZnGa2O4 compounds is investigated using X-ray difraction (XRD). XRD results indicate lower theta angle shifting, decrease in particle size and tensile strain in the doped samples. A granular morphology of amalgamated particles is seen in the SEM images. EDS results convey, practically, the same concentrations (atm%) of doped elements as used during the preparation. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) results helped to determine the valence state of elements. O K-edge XANES shows a signifcant orbital hybridization of O 2p shells with the d shells of doped atoms (i.e., Cr and Ge). Broad PL bands, of nearly the white-light emission, are observed in all of the samples. Modifcation in the PL intensity and emitted wavelengths, upon doping of Cr3+ and Ge3+ ions, are discussed through the energy transfer mechanisms and defects in the compounds.
Varshney, M.,Sharma, A.,Shin, H.J.,Lee, H.H.,Jeon, T.Y.,Lee, B.H.,Chae, K.H.,Won, S.O. Pergamon Press 2017 The Journal of physics and chemistry of solids Vol.110 No.-
Carbon-supported Pt and PtNi nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a borohydride reduction method. Structural properties were studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the size/shape of the NPs was determined by transmission electron microscope (TEM). X-ray absorption spectroscopy with its two amendments; X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), has been employed to investigate the local electronic/atomic structure surrounding the Pt and Ni atoms. XANES results, at Pt L<SUB>3</SUB>-edge and Ni K-edge, have shown fractional oxidation of Pt and Ni atoms. The Pt3Ni1NPs have exhibited a lower bond distance of Pt-Ni shell and higher coordination number of Pt-Ni shells, indicating the alloy formation between Pt and Ni. We further have demonstrated that the Pt and PtNi NPs can serve as effective photocatalysts towards the degradation of water pollutant dye (methyl orange (MO)). By considering the interband charge-transfer of Pt (5d →6sp), a tentative mechanism is proposed to understand the photocatalytic degradation of MO dye molecules by Pt/PtNi NPs under the light irradiation.