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Applying the notion of span in audiovisual translation
( Park¸ Amy ),( Cho¸ Eui Yon ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2019 영어권문화연구 Vol.12 No.2
This study sets out to examine how the English pronouns are translated into the Korean subtitles. The main aim of the study is to apply the notion of span when analyzing the translation of pronouns from English into Korean. In other words, this paper would like to argue that the notion of span may well be applied in the study of personal pronouns when the source language and target language have different linguistic systems such as English and Korean. This is to emphasize and also demonstrate the fact that due to the characteristics of the Korean language, the notion of span may be an important factor proposed by Larson in 1984. The data of this study have been divided into certain spans according to certain situations between characters from the film Bridget Jones Diary 1. The results show that the translations of Korean personal pronouns vary according to the spans between certain characters which show that the relationship changes throughout the film.
에이미 것만(Amy Gutmann),곽준혁(Kwak Jun-Hyeok) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2009 亞細亞硏究 Vol.52 No.4
In recent years, many scholars have recognized that despite institutional reforms, South Korea is falling into what Colin Crouch coins as post-democracy. They have observed that faltering on the verge of democratic consolidation, South Korea is experiencing a paradoxical process: while it is moving fast toward constitutional democracy in which election can make government more accountable and responsible for its conduct, its citizens gradually become a passive and incoherent mass responding intermittently only to the dramatic issue set by politicians and militant political activists. Yet too often how and why the post-democratic trivialization of participatory democracy and the dramatic development of citizen movement do intersect in South Korea remains unexplained. Being concerned with these observations, this interview with Amy Gutmann aims to explore a regulative principle which can guides thinking in the ongoing process in which citizens as well as experts consider what justice requires in the case of particular conflicts in specific contexts, with special but not exclusive attention to civic education. Specifically, addressing the principles and structure of Amy Gutmann’s liberal theory of justice in light of liberal egalitarianism, deliberative democracy, democratic education, and identity politics, this interview seeks to investigate her theories of democratic education in four aspects: the plausible reconciliation of liberal egalitarianism with redistribution and participation, the realization of democratic education through deliberative democracy, the need for civic education with respect to multicultural coexistence, and the applicability of democratic education especially in South Korea which is experiencing both political indifference and ideological antagonism.
The China Syndrome? Nuclear Power Growth and Safety After Fukushima
( Amy King ),( M. V. Ramana ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2015 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.39 No.4
Since the Fukushima disaster in Japan, the Chinese government has undertaken a number of measures to improve the safety of its nuclear facilities while simultaneously committing to a rapid expansion of nuclear power capacity. We explore the tension between these twin commitments, examining China’s record of implementation of nuclear safety measures since Fukushima. We investigate how nuclear safety interacts with other priorities in shaping decisions about inland nuclear power stations and nuclear reactor design choice. We find that various safety measures have been implemented since 2011, but where their implementation competes with other priorities-such as the economic interests of local governments and nuclear corporations, and central government energy and development targets-safety is not always the primary concern.
Communication Qualities, Quantity, and Satisfaction in Newly Developing Relationships
Amy S. Ebesu Hubbard,Krystyna S. Aune,Hye Eun Lee 한국소통학회 2018 한국소통학보 Vol.17 No.4
이 연구는 새로 시작되는 관계의 시작에서부터 안정화된 단계에 소통을 종적으로 조사하였다. 65명의 연구 참여자는 각자의 파트너 와 새로 시작되는 인간 관계를 형성하여 소통의 변화를 초창기부터 8차례에 걸쳐 만남 후 소통에 대하여 설문에 응답하였다. 가설은 소 통의 양, 질과 만족도 사이의 정적인 관계를 예상하였고, 모든 가설 은 지지되었다. 추가적인 연구문제에서는 소통의 양과 질은 만족도 에 영향을 미치는 요소임을 밝혔다. 본 연구 결과는 대인관계 발전 이론에서 주장해온 초창기 대인 관계에서의 소통의 중요성이 관계 발전의 중요한 요소라는 기본 명세를 실증적으로 조사하여 그 근거 를 제시하였다. This study longitudinally examined perceptions of communication in newly developing relationships. This is the first investigation to directly focus on each interaction in the beginning stages of relationships and the communication changes that occur in that process. Individuals completed surveys with a new acquaintance for their initial eight interactions. Hypotheses predicted positive associations between perceptions of communication qualities, quantity, and satisfaction. All hypotheses were supported. Research questions examined perceived communication qualities and quantity as predictors of satisfaction. The results provided strong support for the fundamental proposition in theories of relational development about communication changes as relationships evolve as well as new insights into which aspects of communication may be especially crucial during the early development of relationships.
Amy D. Dobberfuhl,Catherine Schuler,Robert E. Leggett,Elise J.B. De,Robert M. Levin 대한비뇨의학회 2020 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.61 No.4
Purpose: To explore the effect of estrogen replacement on pelvic floor and bladder contractile response to electrical field stimulation, following in vitro hypoxia in an animal model of surgical menopause. Materials and Methods: Twelve female adult rabbits were divided into three groups: control, ovariectomy, and ovariectomy with estradiol replacement. At 4 weeks animals were euthanized. Bladder, coccygeus, and pubococcygeus were isolated. Tissues were equilibrated with oxygenated Tyrodes containing glucose and stimulated with electrical field stimulation. Tissues were then stimulated under hypoxic conditions for 1 hour using nitrogenated Tyrodes without glucose. Tissues were then re-oxygenated for 2 hours and stimulated. Results: Pelvic floor required 10 times the stimulation duration (power) to achieve maximum contraction at 2 g baseline tension (10 ms duration) when compared to bladder (1 ms duration). Maximal tension generated was significantly greater for bladder than pelvic floor. Coccygeus and pubococcygeus were significantly less sensitive to the effects of hypoxia and had stable contractile response to field stimulation throughout the hour of hypoxia. Hypoxia resulted in progressive and rapid decline of bladder contractile strength. Following hypoxia, pelvic floor contractile recovery was superior to bladder. Improvement in the contractile response of both bladder and pelvic floor, during the period of post-hypoxia re-oxygenation, was significantly greater in ovariectomy animals treated with estradiol replacement. Conclusions: Replacement of estradiol at time of ovariectomy reduced oxidative stress on tissue and was protective to the effects of hypoxia on pelvic floor and bladder contractile function.