Histopathological and genetic changes proved the anti‑cancer potential of free and nano‑capsulated sinapic acid

Doaa A. Badr,Mohamed E. Amer,Wagih M. Abd‑Elhay,Mohamed S. M. Nasr,Tamer M. M. Abuamara,Harbi Ali,Aly F. Mohamed,Maha A. Youssef,Nasser S. Awwad,Yi‑Hsu Ju,Ahmed E. Fazary 한국응용생명화학회 2019 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.62 No.5

Cancer is known to be a fierce disease that causes a large percentage of the deaths worldwide. The common cancer treatments; chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are known for their severe side effects; therefore scientists are working on finding solutions to reduce these drawbacks. One of these treatment systems is the sustained released drugs formulations, these systems depend on the encapsulation of the chemotherapy within an emulsifying agent, in order to obtain a slow drug release of low doses over long time intervals. In this study, the anti-cancer effects of free and encapsulated sinapic acid was tested against lung (A549), and colon (CaCo2) cancer cell lines, along with normal fibroblast cells (HFB4) as a negative control. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was performed for IC50 evaluation, also cell cycle assay was performed to detect cell cycle arrest status and related anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic; Blc-2, BAX, and P53 gene profile fold changes post cellular treatment. Data recorded revealed that encapsulated SA showed a lower toxicity than the free form to both cell lines and also to the normal cells. The cell cycle analysis showed a cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase post cell treatment with the free and encapsulated sinapic acid accompanied with up regulation of Bax and P53 and a down regulation of Blc-2 genes in both cell lines. The data suggest a promising anti-cancer and anti-proliferative potential of free and encapsulated sinapic acid. Also they show that the anti-cancer effect of free and encapsulated sinapic acid is quite close.

Synthesis, structure and electrochemical performance of double perovskite oxide Sr₂Fe_1-xTi_xNbO_6-δ as SOFC electrode

Karim, Afizul Hakem,Park, Ka-Young,Lee, Tae Hee,Muhammed Ali, S.A.,Hossain, Shahzad,Absah, Hidayatul Qayyimah Hj Hairul,Park, Jun-Young,Azad, Abul Kalam Elsevier 2017 Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol.724 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A new series of double perovskite oxides Sr<SUB>2</SUB>Fe<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ti<SUB>x</SUB>NbO<SUB>6-δ</SUB> (x = 0, 0.05 & 0.1) were prepared by traditional solid state reaction method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), ac impedance and dc four point using Van Der Pauw method. The samples were sintered at 1200 °C for 12 h in air to get single phase. Rietveld refinement shows that all composition crystallizes in tetragonal symmetry in the space group <I>I</I>4/<I>m.</I> The lattice parameter were related to the ideal single perovskite a<SUB>p</SUB> as a ≈ b ≈ √2a<SUB>p</SUB>, and c ≈ 2a<SUB>p</SUB>. Scanning electron microscope shows increase in porosity with increase of Ti content. Sr<SUB>2</SUB>Fe<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ti<SUB>x</SUB>NbO<SUB>6-δ</SUB>/YSZ shows a good interface with no lamination problem between the two materials. EDX shows that the element contents of the materials synthesized in this study close to the nominal stoichiometry. Chemical compatibility studies with YSZ electrolyte shows no reaction with the anode. A symmetrical cell with the configuration of Sr<SUB>2</SUB>Fe<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ti<SUB>x</SUB>NbO<SUB>6-δ</SUB>|YSZ|Sr<SUB>2</SUB>Fe<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ti<SUB>x</SUB>NbO<SUB>6-δ</SUB> (x = 0.05 & 0.1) shows the lowest polarization resistance of 49.80 Ω cm<SUP>2</SUP> and the highest ac conductivity of 3.57 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP> S cm<SUP>−1</SUP> in dry H<SUB>2</SUB>/Ar for x = 0.1. The activation energy was found to be 1.20 eV which is almost similar to Sr<SUB>2</SUB>FeNbO<SUB>6-δ</SUB> as reported in literature. The dc conductivity measurement was highest for SFTN0.1 at 750 °C in dry 5% H<SUB>2</SUB>/Ar with a value of 1.17 S cm<SUP>−1</SUP>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Titanium was substituted for Iron in the mixed conducting perovskite oxide SFN. </LI> <LI> A single double perovskite phase was obtained in air. </LI> <LI> Titanium substitution improves porosity, a.c conductivity and area specific resistance. </LI> <LI> The enhancement has been explained by a simple defect chemistry model. </LI> <LI> Electrochemical performance are interesting for applicability as an SOFC anode material. </LI> </UL> </P>

Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 Promoter Genetic Variants Are Associated with the Response to Pegylated Interferon α Plus Ribavirin Combination Therapy in Egyptian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

( Fahmy T Ali ),( Mohamed A M Ali ),( Mayada M A Elgizawy ),( Ahmed M Elsawy ) 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.4

Background/Aims: The T-helper 1 (TH1) immune reaction is essential for the eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) during pegylated interferon α (PEG-IFN-α)- and ribavirin (RBV)-based therapy in chronic HCV patients. Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) was shown to be a crucial cytokine for the initiation of a TH1 immune response. We aimed to investigate whether SPP1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may influence sustained virological response (SVR) rates. Methods: Two SNPs in the promoter region of SPP1 at the .443 C>T and .1748 G>A loci were genotyped in 100 patients with chronic HCV genotype 4 infection using a TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Results: Sixty-seven patients achieved a SVR, and 33 patients showed no SVR. Patients carrying the T/T genotype at the .443 locus showed a significantly higher SVR rate than those carrying the C/T or C/C genotype (83.67% vs 50.98%, p<0.001). At the .1748 locus, the SVR rate was significantly higher in patients with the G/G genotype than in those with the A/A genotype (88.89% vs 52.63%, p=0.028) and in patients with the G/A genotype than in those with the A/A genotype (85.29% vs 52.63%, p=0.001). Conclusions: SPP1 SNPs at .443 C>T and .1748 G>A loci may be useful markers for predicting the response to PEG-IFN-α-2b plus RBV therapy in Egyptian patients with chronic HCV genotype 4 infection. (Gut Liver 2015;9:516-524)

Life Science : Molecules ; A Facile Solvent Free Claisen-Schmidt Reaction: Synthesis of a,a`-bis-(Substituted-benzylidene)cycloalkanones and a,a`-bis-(Substituted-alkylidene)cycloalkanones

( Motiur Rahman ),( Roushown Ali ),( Yurngdong Jahng ),( Adnan A Kadi ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2012 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.22 No.0

Solvent-free Claisen-Schmidt reactions of cycloalkanones with various substituted benzaldehydes (aryl aldehydes) using solid NaOH (20 mol%) and applying a grinding technique were studied. Quantitative yields (96-98%) of α,α`-bis-(substituted-benzylidene)cycloalkanones were obtained. Aliphatic aldehydes also provided α,α`-bis-(substituted-alkylidene)cycloalkanones in very good yields with minor amounts of a-(substituted-alkylidene)cycloalkanones. The catalytic performance of solid NaOH was examined. The molar ratio of NaOH was optimized. The catalytic effect of solid NaOH was also evaluated by comparing it with KOH, NaOAc, and NH(4)OAc and it turns out that 20 mol% of solid NaOH was good enough to catalyze the Claisen-Schmidt reactions of cycloalkanones with various substituted benzaldehydes. Additionally, the regioselectivity of the Claisen-Schmidt reaction of acetone with benzaldehyde was examined. Using the same method, we could synthesize the corresponding bis-benzylidene- and mono-benzylideneacetone separately in 98% and 96% yields, respectively.

Distribution of Glutathione S-Transferase Omega Gene Polymorphism with Different Stages of HBV Infection Including Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Egyptian Population

Shaban, Nadia Z,Salem, Halima H,Elsadany, Mohamed A,Ali, Bahy A,Hassona, Ehab M,Mogahed, Fayed AK Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Background: Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major global public health problem, with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Human cytosolic glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) include several classes such as alpha (A), mu (M), pi (P), sigma (S), zeta (Z), omega (O) and theta (T). The present study aimed to investigate the role of GST omega genes (GSTO1 and GSTO2) in different groups of patients infected with HBV. Materials and Methods: HBV groups were classified according to clinical history, serological tests and histological analysis into normal carriers (N), acute (A), chronic (CH), cirrhosis (CI) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases. The study focused on determination of the genotypes of GST omega genes (GSTO1 and GSTO2) and GST activity and liver function tests. Results: The results showed that GSTO1 (A/A) was decreased in N, A, CH, CI and HCC groups compared to the C-group, while, GSTO1 (C/A) and GSTO1(C/C) genotypes were increased significantly in N, A, CH, CI and HCC groups. GSTO2 (A/A) was decreased in all studied groups as compared to the C-group but GSTO2(A/G) and GSTO2(G/G) genotypes were increased significantly. In addition, GST activities, albumin and TP levels were decreased in all studied groups compared to the C-group, while the activities of transaminases were increased to differing degrees. Conclusions: The results indicate that GSTO genetic polymorphisms may be considered as biomarkers for determining and predicting the progression of HBV infection.

Reaction of Five Non-cereal Grasses to Five Races and Two Host Selective Toxins of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis

Ali, Shaukat,Langham, M.A.C. The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.3

Alternative hosts increase the difficulty of disease management in crops because these alternate hosts provide additional sources of primary inoculum or refuges for diversity in the pathogen gene pool. Agropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass), Bromus inermis (smooth bromegrass), Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass), Stipa viridula (green needlegrass), and Thinopyrum intermedium (intermediate wheatgrass), commonly identified in range, prairie, verge, and soil reclamation habitats, serve as additional hosts for Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, the cause of tan spot in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A. cristatum (five lines), B. inermis (seven lines), P. smithii (four lines), S. viridula (two lines), and T. intermedium (six lines) were tested for their reactions to 30 representative P. tritici-repentis isolates from races 1-5. Plants were grown until the two-three-leaf stage in a greenhouse, inoculated individually with the 30 isolates, held at high humidity for 24 h, and rated after 7 days. All lines developed lesion types 1-2 (resistant) based on a 1-5 rating scale. Also, leaves from an additional plant set were infiltrated with two host selective toxins, Ptr ToxA as a pure preparation and Ptr ToxB as a dilute crude culture filtrate. All lines were insensitive to the toxins. Results indicate that these grass hosts have a limited or nonsignificant role in tan spot epidemiology on wheat in the northern Great Plains. Additionally, the resistant reactions demonstrated by the grass species in this research indicate the presence of resistance genes that can be valuable to wheat breeding programs for improving wheat resistance to P. tritici-repentis.

The oncogenic phosphatase PPM1D confers cisplatin resistance in ovarian carcinoma cells by attenuating checkpoint kinase 1 and p53 activation

Ali, A Y,Abedini, M R,Tsang, B K Macmillan Publishers Limited 2012 Oncogene Vol.31 No.17

Cisplatin (CDDP: cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) resistance is a major hurdle in the treatment of human ovarian cancer (OVCA). A better understanding of the mechanisms of CDDP resistance can greatly improve therapeutic outcome for patients. A determinant of CDDP sensitivity in OVCA, p53, is activated by checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) in response to DNA damage. Although the oncogenic phosphatase protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1 (PPM1D) can deactivate both p53 and Chk1 through site-specific dephosphorylation, whether PPM1D has a role in CDDP resistance is unknown. Here, using pair-matched wild-type p53 CDDP-sensitive (OV2008) and -resistant (C13*) cells, and p53-compromised CDDP-resistant cells (A2780cp, OCC-1, OVCAR-3 and SKOV3), we have demonstrated (i) the existence of site-specific differences in phospho-Ser-Chk1 content between sensitive and resistant cells in response to CDDP; (ii) PPM1D, but not phosphoinositide-3-kinase-related kinase Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3 related protein (ATR), is important in the regulation of CDDP-induced Chk1 activation and OVCA cell chemosensitivity; (iii) PPM1D downregulation sensitizes resistant cells to CDDP primarily by activating Chk1 and p53. Our findings establish for the first time that PPM1D confers CDDP resistance in OVCA cells through attenuating CDDP-induced, Chk1-mediated, p53-dependent apoptosis. These findings extend the current knowledge on the molecular and cellular basis of cisplatin resistance and offer the rationale for PPMID as a potential target for treatment of chemoresistant OVCA.

Reaction of Five Non-cereal Grasses to Five Races and Two Host Selective Toxins of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis

Shaukat Ali,M. A. C. Langham 한국식물병리학회 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.3

Alternative hosts increase the difficulty of disease management in crops because these alternate hosts provide additional sources of primary inoculum or refuges for diversity in the pathogen gene pool. Agropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass), Bromus inermis (smooth bromegrass), Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass), Stipa viridula (green needlegrass), and Thinopyrum intermedium (intermediate wheatgrass), commonly identified in range, prairie, verge, and soil reclamation habitats, serve as additional hosts for Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, the cause of tan spot in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A. cristatum (five lines), B. inermis (seven lines), P. smithii (four lines), S. viridula (two lines), and T. intermedium (six lines) were tested for their reactions to 30 representative P. tritici-repentis isolates from races 1-5. Plants were grown until the two-three-leaf stage in a greenhouse, inoculated individually with the 30 isolates, held at high humidity for 24 h, and rated after 7 days. All lines developed lesion types 1-2 (resistant) based on a 1-5 rating scale. Also, leaves from an additional plant set were infiltrated with two host selective toxins, Ptr ToxA as a pure preparation and Ptr ToxB as a dilute crude culture filtrate. All lines were insensitive to the toxins. Results indicate that these grass hosts have a limited or nonsignificant role in tan spot epidemiology on wheat in the northern Great Plains. Additionally, the resistant reactions demonstrated by the grass species in this research indicate the presence of resistance genes that can be valuable to wheat breeding programs for improving wheat resistance to P. tritici-repentis.

Kinetics of Denaturation of Human and Chicken Hemoglobins in the Presence of Co-solvents

( Davood Ajloo ),( Ali A. Moosavi Movabedi ) 생화학분자생물학회 2003 BMB Reports Vol.36 No.4

The stability of four hemoglobins (Hb) in dimer forms (low concentration) were investigated by the kinetics of denaturation. The rate constants of denaturation were obtained by variation of 280 nm absorption versus time in 10 mM Tris-HCI, 10 mM EDTA, pH 8.0 at 45℃ in the absence and presence of 0.5 M ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), formamide, and glycerol. The results show the trend of rate constants in different co-solvents in the following order: chicken hemolysate < human hemolysate and chicken Hb D < chicken HbA. The buried surface area was calculated for Hb samples in the absence of co-solvents. Accordingly, the trend points out that: chicken Hb D > chicken Hb A > human Hb A. These results suggest that both chicken hemolysate and chicken Hb D are relatively more stable than human and chicken Hb A, respectively. However, the denaturation rate constants of Hb in different co-solvents have designated the following order: ethanol>DMSO>formamide>glycerol As a matter of fact, this phenomenon is an indication of an increase in the denaturation capacity (DC) and hydrophobicity, and a decrease in the surface tension of the solution in the preceding co-solvents.

Mosquitocidal and repellent activities of essential oils against Culex pipiens L.

Al‐Sarar Ali S.,Hussein Hamdy I.,Abobakr Yasser,Al‐Zabib Ali A.S.,Bazeyad Abdulqader Y. 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.4

Plants are a prospective source of novel natural insect repellents and botanical insecticides. This study was conducted to investigate the chemical composition of the essential oils of three plants growing in Saudi Arabia, namely Ducrosia anethifolia, Achillea fragrantissima, and Teucrium polium; and to evaluate their potential mosquitocidal and repellent activities against adult female Culex pipiens L. The main components of the three oils were found to be decanal (28.9%) and chrysanthenyl acetate (10.04%), (D. anethifolia); sabinyl acetate (35.79) and artemesia ketone (18.28%) (A. fragrantissima); α-cadinol (49.53%) and δ-cadinene (10.23%) (T. polium). The oil of A. fragrantissima was the most toxic (LC50- = 0.11 μL/L air) followed by D. anethifolia and T. polium with LC50 values of 5.22 and 25.98 μL/L air, respectively. T. polium oil was the most repellent (292 min at 2 μL/cm2 ), followed by D. anethifolia and A. fragrantissima. The results indicate that the essential oils have a potential fumigant insecticidal and repellent activities for mosquito control.