Characterization of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Neurospora Crassa Using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometer

Adewole Ezekiel,Lajide L 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Gut Health of Pigs: Challenge Models and Response Criteria with a Critical Analysis of the Effectiveness of Selected Feed Additives - A Review

Adewole, D.I.,Kim, I.H.,Nyachoti, C.M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.7

The gut is the largest organ that helps with the immune function. Gut health, especially in young pigs has a significant benefit to health and performance. In an attempt to maintain and enhance intestinal health in pigs and improve productivity in the absence of in-feed antibiotics, researchers have evaluated a wide range of feed additives. Some of these additives such as zinc oxide, copper sulphate, egg yolk antibodies, mannan-oligosaccharides and spray dried porcine plasma and their effectiveness are discussed in this review. One approach to evaluate the effectiveness of these additives in vivo is to use an appropriate disease challenge model. Over the years, researchers have used a number of challenge models which include the use of specific strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, bacteria lipopolysaccharide challenge, oral challenge with Salmonella enteric serotype Typhimurium, sanitation challenge, and Lawsonia intercellularis challenge. These challenge models together with the criteria used to evaluate the responses of the animals to them are also discussed in this review.

Functional Bioactivities of Soluble Seed Proteins from Two Leguminous Seeds

Taiwo Scholes Adewole,Boluwatife Bolanle Dudu,Johnson Olaleye Oladele,Oyedotun Moses Oyeleke,Adenike Kuku 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.28 No.2

Storage proteins from Sphenostylis stenocarpa and Phaseolus lunatus were fractionated, and their in vitro bioactivitieswere investigated. Albumin, globulin, prolamin, and glutelin constituents of the respective seeds were successivelyfractionated using the modified Osborne method. Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (1 mM) was used as a protease inhibitor. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory activities of the protein fractions were evaluatedusing different appropriate techniques. Globulin was the predominant fraction, with a yield of 43.21±0.01% and 48.19±0.03% for S. stenocarpa and P. lunatus, respectively, whereas prolamin was not detected in both seeds. The protein fractionmarkedly scavenges hydroxyl radicals, nitric oxide radicals, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryldydrazyl radicals with concomitanthigh free radical-reducing power. Albumin and globulin fractions elicited the highest acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory potentialof 48.75% and 49.75%, respectively, indicating their great application potential in managing neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, the albumin, globulin, and glutelin fractions of these underutilized legumes showed great analepticbioactivities, which could be utilized as health-promoting dietary supplements/products.

Exploring phytotherapeutic approach in the management of valproic acid-induced toxicity

Kayode Ezekiel Adewole,Alfred Francis Attah,Sharon Oluchi Osawe 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.2

The antiepileptic drug, valproic acid (VPA), also used for treating psychiatric disorders, is hampered by its toxicity. Its associated adverse effects include hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, central nervous system (CNS) depression, respiratory failure, acute pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia, hyperammonaemia, bone marrow suppression, and teratogenicity. Currently, no antidotes exist for treating VPA toxicity and therapeutic management is majorly supportive while modifying drug disposition. The lack of effective treatment has prompted evaluating plant-derived products to manage this challenge since studies show their protective potential against drug-induced toxicities. This review investigates purported mechanisms and the protective capacity of plants products against VPA-induced toxicity. The compiled studies revealed that VPA causes hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, ocular toxicity, teratogenicity and reproductive toxicity among others. Further findings highlighted the oxido-inflammatory and apoptotic pathway as crucial mechanisms of VPA-induced organ toxicities. Extracts of Apium graveolens L., Bacopa monniera, Green tea, Kaempferia parviflora, Korean red ginseng, Ocimum sanctum, Oryza sativa, Withania somnifera and plant-derived compounds, including diammonium glycyrrhizinate, sulforaphane, vitamin U, B6, E, diallyl trisulfide, curcumin, α-tocopherol, quercetin, piperine, resveratrol, hesperitin, thymoquinone, caffeic acid and asiatic acid exhibited protection against VPA-induced toxicities. From these observations, it is suggested that further studies should target evaluating more plant products as well as identifying and isolating specific compounds from such, and others demonstrating protective effect against toxicities induced by VPA.

The Moderating Effect of Operations Efficiency on the Links between Environmental Performance and Financial Performance: The UK Evidence

Ramanathan, Ramakrishnan,Akanni, Adewole Oluwatomi Asian Society for Innovation and Policy 2015 Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy Vol.4 No.1

Drawing upon the resource-based-view of a firm, we investigate the moderating role of operations efficiency on the link between environmental and financial performance. Extant literature has highlighted that operations efficiency is closely associated with the environmental/financial performance of firms, but no empirical study has investigated how operations efficiency affects the link between environmental and financial performance. We argue that operations efficiency could act as a moderator of this relationship. To test the hypothesized relationships, we have used available secondary quantitative UK data, namely data on the environmental/financial performance of Britain's most admired companies. By employing moderated regression analysis, we have found strong evidence for the moderating impact of operations efficiency. Our results are useful to managers in that they show that improvements in operations efficiency in a company can also help improve environmental/financial performance and vice versa.

Performance of Fusarium oxysporum EKT01/02 isolate in cyanide biodegradation system

Enoch Akinbiyi Akinpelu,Adewole Tomiwa Adetunji,Seteno Karabo Obed Ntwampe,Felix Nchu,Lukhanyo Mekuto 대한환경공학회 2018 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.23 No.2

This study reports a cyanide resistant and/or tolerant fungus, isolated from the rhizosphere of Zea mays contaminated with cyanide-based pesticides. The isolate was characterised using molecular biology. The effect of free cyanide and heavy metals on the growth of isolate in a synthetic gold mine wastewater was examined. The molecular analyses identified the isolate as Fusarium oxysporum EKT01/02 (KU985430/KU985431). The isolate had a free cyanide degradation efficiency of 77.6%. The results indicated greater growth impairment in culture containing Arsenic (optical density 1.28 and 1.458) and cyanide (optical density 1.315 and 1.385). Higher growth was observed in all cultures supplemented with extracellular polymeric substance. This study showed that the isolate possesses wide substrate utilisation mechanism that could be deployed in environmental engineering applications.

Process modeling and optimization studies of high pressure membrane separation of CO2 from natural gas

ABDUL LATIF AHMAD,Jimoh Kayode Adewole 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.10

Process design and optimization methodology for high pressure membrane removal of CO2 from natural gas was developed. An approximate model based on plasticization pressure and permeability parameters at plasticization was proposed for quick evaluation of membrane materials for the high pressure operation. The model was derived by applying the partial immobilization assumption to the fundamental model of solution - diffusion mechanism along with a modified upper-bound curve. About ninety membranes obtained from literature were used to illustrate this methodology. The best three were selected for detailed process modeling and optimization. Process optimization was achieved via non-linear programming constraint optimization model. Gas processing cost was used as the objective function, while plasticization pressure and the CO2 concentration in the feed were used as the constraints. Membrane of 6FDA-durene had the lowest annual gas processing cost while 6FDA-DAM : DABA 2 : 1 had the highest optimum product purity.

Assessment of Timber Harvest in Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem of South West Nigeria and Its Implication on Carbon Sequestration

Victor A. Adekunle,Amadu Lawal,Adewole O. Olagoke 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2014 Journal of Forest Science Vol.30 No.1

Timber harvest in natural forests and its implications on carbon sequestration were investigated in the Southwestern Nigeria. Data on timber harvest from forest estates for a 3-year period were collected from the official record of States’ Forestry Department. The data registered the species, volume and number of timbers exploited during the study period. The data were analyzed accordingly for rate of timber harvest and carbon value of the exploited timbers using existing biomass functions. Values were compared for significant differences among states using one way analysis of variance. The results showed that the most exploited logs, in terms of volume and number of trees, have the highest amount of carbon removal. There was a variation in type of timber species being exploited from each state. The total number of harvested trees from Oyo, Ondo, Ogun, Ekiti and Osun were estimated at 100,205; 111,789; 753; 15,884 and 18,153 respectively. Total quantity of carbon removed for the 3-year period stood at 2.3 million metric tons, and this translated to 8.4 million metric tons of CO2. The annual carbon and CO2 removal therefore were estimated at 760,120.73 tons and 2.8 million tons/ year respectively. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the amount of CO2 removed from the five states. Based on our result, we inferred that there is increasing pressure on economic tree species and it is plausible that they are becoming scarce from the forests in Southwestern Nigeria.. If the present rate of log removal is not controlled, forests could become carbon source rather than carbon sink and the on biological conservation, wood availability and climate change may turn out grave. For the forest to perform its environmental role as carbon sink, urgent conservation measures and logging policies are needed to be put in place.

Evaluation of the toxicological effects of atrazine-metolachlor in male rats: in vivo and in silico studies

Ebenezer Tunde Olayinka,Ayokanmi Ore,Kayode Ezekiel Adewole,Oyepeju Oyerinde 환경독성보건학회 2022 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.37 No.3

The types and mechanisms of atrazine-metolachlor toxicity, an herbicide composed of atrazine (ATR) and metolachlor (MET), need to be further investigated. This study evaluated the toxic actions of ATR-MET by in vivo and in silico methods. Here, varying doses of ATR-MET were orally administered to rats once daily for twenty-one days using normal saline as control. Molecular docking was used to characterize the binding of ATR and MET with androgen receptor (AR) to predict their potential endocrine-disrupting effects, using testosterone as benchmark. ATR-MET-induced-testicular toxicity (reduced sperm motility, count, and daily sperm production and increased live/dead ratio) was accompanied with testicular oxidative stress (diminished level of reduced glutathione, activities of glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase and increased level of malondialdehyde). Furthermore, ATR-MET induced cardiovascular toxicity (increased levels of plasma total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides) with concomitant induction of renal toxicity (increased plasma creatinine and urea levels), and hepatotoxicity (increased plasma bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase). Binding energy and amino acid interactions from in silico study revealed that MET possessed endocrine-disrupting capacity. In conclusion, exposure to atrazine-metolachlor could promote cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, as well as reproductive impairment in experimental male albino rats.

Assessment of Timber Harvest in Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem of South West Nigeria and Its Implication on Carbon Sequestration

Adekunle, Victor A.,Lawal, Amadu,Olagoke, Adewole O. Institute of Forest Science 2014 Journal of Forest Science Vol.30 No.1

Timber harvest in natural forests and its implications on carbon sequestration were investigated in the Southwestern Nigeria. Data on timber harvest from forest estates for a 3-year period were collected from the official record of States' Forestry Department. The data registered the species, volume and number of timbers exploited during the study period. The data were analyzed accordingly for rate of timber harvest and carbon value of the exploited timbers using existing biomass functions. Values were compared for significant differences among states using one way analysis of variance. The results showed that the most exploited logs, in terms of volume and number of trees, have the highest amount of carbon removal. There was a variation in type of timber species being exploited from each state. The total number of harvested trees from Oyo, Ondo, Ogun, Ekiti and Osun were estimated at 100,205; 111,789; 753; 15,884 and 18,153 respectively. Total quantity of carbon removed for the 3-year period stood at 2.3 million metric tons, and this translated to 8.4 million metric tons of $CO_2$. The annual carbon and $CO_2$ removal therefore were estimated at 760,120.73 tons and 2.8 million tons/ year respectively. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the amount of $CO_2$ removed from the five states. Based on our result, we inferred that there is increasing pressure on economic tree species and it is plausible that they are becoming scarce from the forests in Southwestern Nigeria.. If the present rate of log removal is not controlled, forests could become carbon source rather than carbon sink and the on biological conservation, wood availability and climate change may turn out grave. For the forest to perform its environmental role as carbon sink, urgent conservation measures and logging policies are needed to be put in place.