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정연우(Jeong Yeonwoo) 한국슬라브유라시아학회 2008 슬라브학보 Vol.23 No.3
Based on the grammaticalization theory suggesting that the grammatical morphemes are developed gradually out of lexical morphemes, this article maintains that the diverse Russian modal auxiliaries(modals) not only have been developed or changed in meaning out of lexical items, but also have been gradually shifted to grammat icalstatus, although the stages of the development differs according to the perspectives. Russian modal meanings are expressed by various morphological, syntactic, and lexical categories. While in English and German the modals have specific morpho-syntactic properties and are well established in grammar, in Russian the category of modals is not an established notion and is treated as a lexical phenomenon. It means that the modal system of Russian is not grammaticalized as the Germanic system is. Russian modals exhibit diverse morphological and syntactic manifestations. Russian modal auxiliaries, which are served as predicates in sentence and can be combined with a main verb, can take the forms of verbs, adjectives or adverbs. Personal modals require a subject in the nominative, while impersonal modals require a subject in the dative. Thus, they do not form a closed set and can only be determined by being located on a grammaticalization chain extending from content words with a lexical meaning to function words with a grammatical meaning. In this way, auxiliation can be understood as a partial phenomenon from lexical-syntactic expressions to free-grammatical expressions of a concept. This article tries to examine through the five mechanisms of semantic change, proposed by Bybee et al.(1994); metaphorical extension, inference or the conventionalization of implicature, generalization, harmony, and absorption of contextual meaning. Among the modals only dol?en and mo?’ can express epistemic modality owing to metaphorical extension. The motion verb idti/xodit’ alone could not proceed from spatial meaning to modal auxiliary's meaning, but with the suffix -sja through metonymic inference. The modal predicates dol en and nel’zja lost specific features of meaning and thus show generalization in meaning and specialization in function. Having examined the mechanisms of grammaticalization, this article compiles the results of stages in the following table. 〈표 삽입〉 In conclusion, with the grammaticalization theory we could not only categorize the modal auxiliary system more insightfully, but also explain why these modals are so different from English and German counterparts. The modal system of Russian is not as grammaticalized as these counterparts, but the development of modals in Russian shows very interesting gradual transitional evolution from a lexical status into more or less grammatical status as well as the interference phenomena with diverse levels and types of grammaticality.
교각운동이 월경곤란증으로 인한 허리통증을 가진 여대생에게 미치는 영향
정연우 ( Jeong Yeonwoo ),홍상현 ( Hong Sanghyeon ),이승협 ( Lee Seunghyub ) 대한통합의학회 2016 대한통합의학회지 Vol.4 No.4
Purpose : This study determines the effect and sustainability of the trunk stability exercise program, specifically using the bridge exercise, by measuring Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Menstrual Distress Questionaire(MDQ) and muscle strength in women university students complaining of low back pain. Methods : The trunk stability exercise program was progressed by 22 women university students, for 4 weeks, (3 times a week, 1 hour per session). At this time, low back pain happened at the period of menstruation and was measured using VAS, Dysmenorrhea using the MDQ tool and abdominal and back muscle strength using HUR. This study was evaluated 4 times (before and after the exercise program, after 4 weeks and 8 weeks) to investigate the effect of time variation after the exercise program. Results : The trends showed a decrease in VAS and MDQ and an increase in abdominal and back muscle strength. Therefore, these results were evaluated positively from a statistical perspective(p<.05). Conclusions : The trunk stability exercise results in a decreased VAS and MDQ, and increases the muscle strength in women university students who complained of low back pain form dysmenorrhea. Therefore, the low back pain from dysmenorrhea could have been avoided and quality of everyday life improved.
택지개발이 인접한 읍면동에 미치는 영향 : 경기 · 인천 지역을 대상으로
정연우(Jeong, Yeon Woo),우명제(Woo, Myungje) 한국지역개발학회 2020 한국지역개발학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.10
Cities grow through a series of processes that lead from a single structure to a multi-nuclear structure, and naturally become Metropolis because of their communion with neighboring cities. However, Residential Development Project are difficult to naturally link functionality among surrounding cities that occur during the process of general urban growth that is artificially created in urban suburbs. Therefore, the impact of Residential Development on the rate of change in population and number of workers in Gyeonggi-do and Incheon Metropolitan City between 2015 and 2005 was analyzed in detail and the following results were derived. First, it was found that only the area of residential development zones had a significant value in terms of impact on population changes. Second, it was analyzed that the area and number of residential development zones had significant values as the impact on the change in the number of workers, and that it had significant values with the presence or absence of residential development zones.
전사공정을 위한 UV 경화성 범프형 스탬프의 점착특성 평가
정연우(Yeon-Woo Jeong),김경식(Kyung-Shik Kim),이충우(Chung-Woo Lee),이재학(Jae-Hak Lee),김재현(Jae-Hyun Kim),김광섭(Kwang-Seop Kim) 한국트라이볼로지학회 2016 한국트라이볼로지학회지 (Tribol. Lubr.) Vol.32 No.3
Future electronics such as electronic paper and foldable cellphone are required to be flexible and transparent and should have a high performance. In order to fabricate the flexible electronics using flexibility transfer process, techniques for transferring various devices from rigid substrate onto flexible substrate by elastomeric stamp, have been developed. Adhesion between the elastomeric stamp and various devices is crucial for successful transfer process. The adhesion can be controlled by the thickness of the stamp, separation velocity, contact load, and stamp surface treatment. In this study, we fabricated the bump shape stamp consisting of a UVcurable polymer and investigated the effects of curing condition, separation velocity, and contact load on the adhesion characteristics of bumps. The bumps with hemispherical shape were fabricated using a dispensing process, which is one of the ink-jet printing techniques. Curing conditions of the bumps were controlled by the amount of UV irradiation energy. The adhesion characteristics of bumps are evaluated by adhesion test. The results show that the pull-off forces of bumps were increased and decreased as UV irradiation energy increased. For UV irradiation energies of 300 and 500 mJ/㎠, the pull-off forces were increased as the separation velocity increased. The pull-off forces also increased with the increase of contact load. In the case of UV irradiation energy above 600 mJ/cm2, however, the pull-off forces were not changed. Therefore, we believe that the bump shape stamp can be applied to roll-based transfer process and selective transfer process as an elastomeric stamp.
자연성 이론의 관점에서 본 러시아어 명사 변화의 형태화 경로
정연우(Yeon Woo Jeong) 언어과학회 2002 언어과학연구 Vol.23 No.-
Naturalness Theory is based on the notion of iconicity, which in turn is determined by the concept of markedness. In addition to constuctional iconicity, NT incorporates uniform symbolization and transparency. This `system- universal` naturalness is based on semiotics and cognitive principle as has also been proposed in the Grammaticlization Theory. This paper addresses three interesting linguistic phenomena in Russian declension, i.e., the alternations related to the results of second slavic palatalization of velars, the ending of genitive plural `-ov`, and unification of endings of instrumental plural to `-ami`. This observation allows synchronic and related diachronic phenomena to be discussed together. The Russian noun case studies show that the Russian nominal declension generally developed naturally, as NT theoreticians would anticipate from their theoretical predictions.