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서울시 도로변에서 입자상 다환방향족탄화수소의 농도 특성
이지이(Ji Yi Lee),김용표(Yong Pyo Kim),배귀남(Gwi-Nam Bae),박수미(Su-Mi Park),진현철(Hyun-Chur Jin) 한국대기환경학회 2008 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.24 No.2
이 연구에서는 2005년 5월부터 2006년 6월까지 5차례에 걸쳐 서울시 신촌동에 위치한 도로변에서 입자상 PAHs의 농도 분포 특성을 살펴보았다. 도로변에서 입자상 PAHs 농도 분포는 측정시기별로 다른 양상을 보였지만, 2005년 11월을 제외하고는 벤젠고리가 5~6개로 구성된 고분자량 성분들의 농도가 높았다. 입자상 PAHs의 도로변 고유한 특성을 살펴보기 위해 기존 대기와 터널에서 측정한 입자상 PAHs 농도들과 비교하였다. 터널 결과에 비해 상대적으로 도로변에서는 BbF, Ind, BghiP 등의 고분자량 성분들의 비율이 높았는데, 이것은 동력계 시험을 바탕으로 알려진 자동차의 PAHs 배출 특성과 유사하였다. 대기에서는 도로변에 비해 Phen, Pyr, Flt이 높았지만, 도로변에서는 이들 성분들이 고분자량 성분들과 비슷한 비율로 분포하였다. 서울과 고산 대기 중 입자상 PAHs에는 석탄 연소를 포함한 여러 배출원에서 배출된 PAH 성분들이 혼합되어 있는 반면, 도로변에서 측정한 이 연구결과는 자동차 배출에 의한 영향이 지배적이었기 때문인 것으로 여겨졌다. 도로변에서 입자상 PAHs의 주요 배출원을 추정하기 위하여 특정 성분들의 농도비를 분석한 바에 의하면, 일반적으로 도로변에서는 자동차 배출에 의한 영향이 지배적이었고, 자동차 중에서도 경유 자동차 배출의 영향이 컸던 것으로 판단되었다. 2005년 9월과 11월에는 석탄과 바이오매스 연소의 영향이 보였는데, 이는 도로변이 대기와 혼재되어 나타난 결과로 추정된다. Five intensive measurements of particulate PAHs were made at a roadside in Seoul from May 2005 to June 2006. The average concentration of particulate PAHs was 15.1±10.6 ng m?³. The high concentrations of particulate fluoranthene and pyrene were observed in November 2005 due to the influence of the lower ambient temperature. Compared to the previous results at tunnel and ambient sites in Seoul, larger fraction of the high molecular PAH compounds which consist with five or six benzene rings, was observed at a roadside. This might indicate high influence of vehicle emission at a roadside. The distribution of diagnostic ratios for specific PAH compounds indicated that the influence of vehicular emission, especially diesel vehicular emission seems to be high at a roadside.
이지이 ( Ji Yi Lee ) 창조교육학회 2011 창조교육논총 Vol.13 No.-
The 21st society which is based on knowledge requires a talented man who has the opwer of creative thinking, not the power of just memorizing some information. With this trend, the department of the subject, Korean Language is trying to internalize accurate and effective principle of the Korean usage and its action, critically understand various Korean materials, and improve the skills needed to express creatively some ideologies and emotions, for enhancing creative Korean use. Thus, the classroom for Korean language use. In that kind of classroom, students can be placed at the center of the learning and can improve their skills for the creative use of Korean language. For this time of age, education should be the one that emphasize the abilities to criticize the abnormal and to think creatively. Furthermore, creativity itself also can be the meaningful power only when people can express their thoughts and imagination freely without confining them in one abstract frame that is given from outside. Therefore, education should be developed from the cramming one to the self-centered one by having students be familiar with the process rather than the result, putting the power of criticla and creative thinking at the center and by having students communicate with different subjects or various books, since the education which is confined in just one certain subject is not effective. The debate about the nature of the education for creativity is concluded with the fact that humans are highly developed animal to have creativity and thus the theory for the creativity teaching and learning process aims at the development of that creativity. This teaching model making students manage their own learning porcesses develops the poser of the value through their thinking process and experiences. This study focuses on how the teaching model for post-reading discussion including Five-step Teaching Method for Creative Education brings changes in recogntion for creativity improvement. This study has the meaning in that it clarify the concept of debate and make it firm that the teaching model for post-reading discussion applying Five-step Teaching Method for Creative Education and parliamentary debating method cotributes to the debelopment of the ability to debate and the formation of highly structured thinking. Students should be educated to be the real creative people developed with the exploratory abilities which can be obtained through true education for reading and debating and that kind of abilities can lead the students to a highly structured way of thinking such as inference, judgemet, comparison, and application which are fir more sophisticated than just memorizing something. Therefore, the true assignment in developing the power of creative thinking can be to create educational environment for boosting highly-developed exploratory thinking skill and recognize that abilities in them.
한상희,이지이,이종식,허종배,정창훈,김은실,김용표,Han, Sanghee,Lee, Ji Yi,Lee, Jongsik,Heo, Jongbae,Jung, Chang Hoon,Kim, Eun-Sill,Kim, Yong Pyo 한국입자에어로졸학회 2018 Particle and Aerosol Research Vol.14 No.4
PMF 수용모델을 사용하여 안면도 측정소에서 2년간 측정한 초미세먼지의 유기성분의 주요 영향원을 파악하였다. 5개 또는 6개의 요인이 최적으로 나타났으며, 6개의 요인이 결과를 더 잘 해석하는 것으로 판단되었다. 이들 요인의 계절별 특성과 영향도 변화를 고려하여 결정한 주요 오염원은 이차유기성분(10.3%), 연소(12.0%), 자연적 생물성 기원(24.8%) 장거리이동식생소각(7.3%), 국지적 생체소각(26.4%), 장거리이동 오염원(19.2%)이다. 안면도 측정소는 배경지역의 특성인 자연적 생물성 기원, 이차유기성분과 장거리이동 오염원의 영향도가 크게 나타나면서도, 비도심의 특성인 국지적 식생소각과 연소 영향도 나타나고 있다. 이는 안면도 측정소에서는 인위적인 영향에 의한 유기성분 특성은 제한적임을 보여준다. Based on a two-year measurement data, major sources for the ambient carbonaceous aerosols at the Anmyeon Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) station were identified by using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model. The particulate matter less than or equal to $2.5{\mu}m$ in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) aerosols were sampled between June 2015 to May 2017 and carbonaceous species including ~80 organic compounds were analyzed. When the number of factors was 5 or 6, the performance evaluation parameters showed the best results, With 6 factor case, the characteristics of transported factors were clearer. The 6 factors were identified with various analyses including chemical characteristics and air parcel movement analysis. The 6 factors with their relative contributions were (1) anthropogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOA) (10.3%), (2) biogenic sources (24.8%), (3) local biomass burning (26.4%), (4) transported biomass burning (7.3%), (5) combustion related sources (12.0%), and (6) transported sources (19.2%). The air parcel movement analysis result and seasonal variation of the contribution of these factors also supported the identification of these factors. Thus, the Anmyeon Island GAW station has been affected by both regional and local sources for the carbonaceous aerosols.
수용 모델을 이용한 서울시의 PAHs 주요 배출원 추정
한상희,이지이,김용표,Han, Sang Hee,Lee, Ji Yi,Kim, Yong Pyo 한국입자에어로졸학회 2016 Particle and Aerosol Research Vol.12 No.2
The PMF result was compared with the result from the Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) modelling (Lee and Kim, 2007) to estimate major source of PAHs observed at Seoul from August 2002 to December 2003. Five major sources were estimated from PMF and CMB modellings respectively. Among them three major sources (coal combustion for residential, coke oven and biomass burning) were identified at both models.
최우영,박민하,정창훈,김용표,이지이,Choi, Woo Yeong,Park, Min Ha,Jung, Chang Hoon,Kim, Yong Pyo,Lee, Ji Yi 한국입자에어로졸학회 2021 Particle and Aerosol Research Vol.17 No.3
Chungnam region accounts for the largest SO<sub>X</sub> (22.8%) emission with the second-largest NO<sub>X</sub> (10.8%) emission in Korea due to the integration of many large industrial sources including a steel mill, coal-fired power plants, and petrochemical complex. Air pollutants emitted by large industrial sources can cause harmful problems to humans and the environment. Thus, it is necessary to understand dispersion patterns of air pollutants from large industrial sources in Chungnam to characterize atmospheric contamination in Chungnam and the surrounding area. In this study, seasonal atmospheric dispersion characteristics for SO<sub>X</sub>, NO<sub>X</sub>, and PM2.5 from ten major point sources in Chungnam were evaluated using HYSPLIT 4 model, and their contributions to SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations in the regions near the source areas were estimated. The predictions of the HYSPLIT 4 model show a seasonal different dispersion pattern, in which air pollutants were dispersed toward the southeast in winter while, northeast in summer. In summer, due to weaker wind speed, air pollutants concentrations were higher than in winter, and they were dispersed to the metropolitan area. The local emissions of air pollutants in Taean area had a greater influence on the ambient SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations at Taean, whereas SO<sub>X</sub> and NO<sub>X</sub> emissions from large sources located at Seosan showed relatevely little effect on the ambient ambient SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations at Seosan.