칠레의 물관리와 수법(水法)

이상돈 ( Sang Don Lee ) 한국환경정책학회 2006 環境政策 Vol.14 No.1

For water lawyers and water policy researchers, Chile provides important and meaningful lessons, as Chile enacted market-oriented water law in the early 1980`s, and also privatized water supply market in the late 1980`s. This article intend to analyze the transformation of water law and water policy in Chile. Chile`s water law has been changed drastically since late 1960`s. After the communist regime collapsed after the 1973 coup d`etat, the military government enacted neo-liberal Water Act which allows free sale of water rights. However, many believe that the 1981 Water Act is only a partial success as it fails to promote sale of water rights, though it provides legal protection of existing water rights. The government of Chile decided to privatize its water supply market, and as a result virtually all the water service is now in the hands of private companies. As a result, those private companies up-graded water supply facilities as well as sewage treatment. The success of Chile`s privatization was due to several factors; the rigorous government regulation and social safe net subsides. Chile`s water law and policy is truly a success story which provide many important lessons.

렘수면행동장애 환자에서 수면무호흡증이 인지기능에 미치는 영향

이상돈(Sang Don Lee),윤인영(In Young Yoon),최진영(Jin Yeong Choe),김기웅(Ki Woong Kim),최지애(Ji Ae Choi) 대한노인정신의학회 2009 노인정신의학 Vol.13 No.2

Objectives : We investigated the effects of sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) on cognitive functions in patients with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). We also studied correlations between sleep variables related with SAS and parameters of cognitive function tests. Methods : Twenty two RBD patients with SAS and 20 RBD patients without SAS participated in the study. The diagnoses of RBD and SAS were confirmed on polysomnography. All the participants performed neuropsychological tests by the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease (CERAD-K) Assessment Packet. Results : There were no differences between two groups in age and sex, education, body mass index, and results of the Beck depression inventory (BDI) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). No difference was found in any of parameters of the CERAD-K between two groups. The cognitive functions were not correlated with BDI, ESS, or variables related with SAS. Conclusion : SAS had no influence on cognitive functions of RBD patients. The result could be explained by negligible effects of SAS on cognitive functions among aged population and no difference in daytime sleepiness between the RBD patients with and without SAS.

’68년 전후의 덴마크 코뮌 운동과 일상적 실천

이상돈 ( Lee Sang-don ) 한국서양사학회 2018 西洋史論 Vol.0 No.138

중세 이래로 이어져온 코뮌은 1960년대 중반 이후 다시 폭발적으로 성장하며 1970년대 중반까지 미국, 유럽뿐만 아니라 아시아, 남미까지 확산되었다. 이 가운데 덴마크는 국민 1인당 가장 많은 수의 코뮌을 만들어 내며 유럽 코뮌 운동의 중심 역할을 했다. 덴마크 사례를 통해 코뮌 성장의 동기, 1960년대 사회운동과의 관계, 구체적 활동, 위기와 대응을 살펴보고자 한다. 핵가족에 대한 대안적인 공동체 실험 또는 문화 운동의 작은 부분으로 해석해온 기존 문헌의 주장 대신, 코뮌 참가자들이 지배적인 사회질서, 가부장제와 자본주의에 맞서 총체적 사회변혁을 위한 다양하고 새로운 실천을 한 점에 주목하고자 한다. 그들은 카리스마 있는 지도자보다는 개별 코뮌의 상황에 맞게 자치와 연대를 지지했다. 하나의 독립된 완성체로서 각 코뮌은 자신들의 지역사회에서 여러 정치적, 문화적 운동을 벌였다. 다른 사회운동 그룹과 소통하며 여성해방과 환경운동을 위한 공동 활동의 노력도 기울였다. 이를 통해 지역 기반 코뮌 운동은 1960년대와 1970년대를 연결하는 좌파정치의 필수적인 부문으로 성장했다. The communal revival that began in the mid-1960s developed into a new mode of activism, ‘communal activism’ or the ‘commune movement,’ and flourished until the mid-1970s in many parts of the globe. Danes played a key role as a center for the European commune movement producing more communes than anywhere else around the globe per capita. Based on the Danish cases, this paper examines motivations for communal revival, links with 1960s radicalism, communes’ praxis and outward-facing activities, and the crisis within the commune movement and responses to it. Challenging existing interpretations that have understood the communal revival as an alternative living experiment to the nuclear family, or as a smaller part of the counter-culture, this paper argues that commune participants created varied and new experiments for a total revolution against the prevailing social order and its dominant values and institutions, including the patriarchal family and capitalism. Communards embraced autonomy and solidarity based on individual communes’ situations and rejected charismatic leadership. Functioning as an independent entity, each commune engaged with their local communities designing various political and cultural projects. They interacted with other social movement groups through collective work for women’s liberation and environmentalist movement. As a genuine grassroot social movement communal activism became an essential part of leftwing politics bridging the 1960s and 1970s.

뇌사와 인권 - 죽음 개념의 의사소통이론적 재구성 -

이상돈(Lee Sang Don) 한국법철학회 1999 법철학연구 Vol.2 No.-

특집 - 법학방법론 : 형법학방법론

이상돈(Sang Don Lee) 延世大學校 法科大學 法學硏究所 2002 法學硏究 Vol.12 No.2

요르단 강 유역의 물 분쟁

이상돈(Sang Don Lee) 중앙법학회 2011 中央法學 Vol.13 No.1

This article is to analyze the issues of water use controversies of the Jordan River. The Jordan River arises from the high mountain of Hermon and flows through the Sea of Galilee and flow as the boundary of Israel and Jordan. It ends up to the Dead Sea. The basin area of the Jordan River is very dry, and as the river is virtually the only fresh water resources for Israel and Palestine, the river has been an hot political and social issue. The initial endeavor to allocate the water resources to the riparian states failed as the Arab nations refused to accept the existence of Israel. The 1967 war changed the hydro-geopolitics of the area drastically. The war itself at least partially arose from the use of the Jordan River. As Israel occupies the West Bank and the Golan Heights, there are serious tension between Israel and Syria, and Israel and Palestine. Only Jordan has been succesful to resolve their water issues with Israel, but as the Palestine is not a party to the bilateral accord with Israel it is still incomplete. Dispute concerning the use of groundwater between Israel and Palestine is serious. The Palestians argues that Israel violates the general international water course law such as the Helsinki Rules and also violate the 4th Geneva Convention concerning the occupied territory. Legal argument on behalf of Israel is fragile as the Israel settlers use more than 10 times water per capita than the Palestine residents. The articles concludes that the groundwater dispute between Israel and the Palestine and the dispute of the Golan Heights between Israel and Syria should be settled under the ``equitable use`` principle of the Helsinki Rules and 1997 Convention. But, as the water is only one of the many issues of the disputes among the states of the Jordan River, the prospective for peaceful solution is not bright.

금호강에 서식하는 소형포유류의 중금속축적에 관한 연구

이상돈 ( Lee Sang Don ) 한국환경생물학회 2003 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.21 No.3

소형포유류는 생태계의 생체내 중금속축적에 대한 지표종으로 많이 활용되고 있다. 본 연구는 금호강에 서식하는 소형포유류의 생물축적에 대한 연구를 위해 2002년 5월 28일~6월 12일에 걸쳐 포획을 실시하였다. 포획을 위해 셔만트랩과 스냅트랩이 사용되었으며 등줄쥐와 우수리땃쥐 등 2종 총 39마리를 포획하였다. 그 중 동정이 가능한 30마리에 대한 중금속조사를 실시하였으며 개체군 중 16마리(53.3%)가 번식기에 접어든 것으로 나타났다. 중금속 4가지(Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd)에 대하여 분석이 실시되었으며 그 중 등줄주의 Zn은 신장(6.83㎎ ㎏^(-1))이 간(3.66㎎ ㎏^(-1))보다 높은 축적을 나타내었다. 하지만 Cu의 축적은 간이 신장보다 높게 나타났다. 이 지역이 대구시 달서구의 염색공단에서 비교적 거리가 있는 지역임에도 불구하고 Cu, Zn의 축적은 금호강변에 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 본 연구는 우리나라 소형포유류에 대한 최초의 정량적인 연구이며 향후 중금속 오염이 진행되는 산업단지에 본 조사의 연구결과가 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다. Population of small mammals (Apodemus agrarius and Crocidura lasiura) was monitored to identify the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Gumho river basin around Daegu city. The small mammals were captured during 28 of May- 12 of June, 2002. The techniques of live- trapping and snap-- trapping were applied to capture the animals. A total of 39 animals were captured among which 53.3% (16/30) of population were reached to breeding. Heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd) were analyzed. According to the analysis of heavy metal elements, Zn was more accumulated in kidney (6.83 mg kg^(-l)) than in liver (3.66). However, the accumulation of Cu was higher in liver than in kidney. Even though this site was relatively away from major industrial zones, heavy metals were wide spread along the stream of Gumho River. This is the first quantitative study of small mammal bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Korea so that further research should be followed in other industrial areas that heavy metals were widely dispersed.

재사용 발사체의 3-루프 기반 비선형 자세 제어기 설계

이상돈(Sang-Don Lee),김영원(Young-Won Kim),이창훈(Chang-Hun Lee) 한국항공우주학회 2020 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.7

캘리포니아州의 물 管理 行政機構와 水利權 制度

李相敦(Lee Sang-Don) 중앙대학교 법학연구원 2003 法學論文集 Vol.27 No.1

  This article intends to introduce and analyze the State of California"s water law and institution. California is heavily dependent upon the water projects such as dams and aqueducts. Therefore, it"s water law and institution provides interesting lessons and implications for Korea, which is also heavily dependent upon hydro-dams for the sustainable supply of water.   State Water Resources Control Board and Department of Water Resources in Sacramento have authorities to set and implement the water policies. The latter is given authorities to allow water rights. Water Districts play more direct role in supplying and managing water. These quasi-government water agencies are basically water wholesalers, but sometime function as supervising agencies.   California is unique to have two kinds of water rights, prior appropriation and riparian water rights. In these days, only appropriation is newly issued by the state government. Water right is almost like private property, but has various limitations. The article analyzes various aspects of California"s water rights, such as permit process, environmental review, monitoring and revocation.

주자 미발론(未發論)의 혼연(渾然)과 찬연(粲然)

이상돈 ( Sang Don Lee ) 퇴계학연구원 2013 退溪學報 Vol.133 No.-

주자의 미발규정인 사려미맹과 지각불매는 일성혼연과 도의전구에 연관되어 있다. 본성의 구조와 존재 양상으로 보면 미발과 이발의 중심 논리는 혼연한 전체와 찬연한 조리라는 구도가 근본적이다. 미발에서 본성은 혼연한 전체이지만[일성혼연] 각각의 조리가 찬연하다[도의전구]. 그래서 마음이 외부 사물에 감촉하게 되면 찬연한 조리가 분화되어 외부적으로 드러난다. 즉 미발과 이발은 본성의 혼연한 내적 평형 상태에서 외부적으로 찬연한 조리로 분화되어 드러나는 것을 지칭하는 개념이라 할 수 있다. 이에 따라 미발의 공부 방법은 특정하게 분화된 조리를 지각하는 방식이 아니라 혼연한 전체를 간직하는 공부인 천리의 보존과 본체의 보전으로 규정된다. Zhuxi`s definition of weifa未發as ``thoughts yet ungenerated, while perception is not dim``, can be understood better in connection with the concept ``wholeness of one nature and full equipment of propriety``. Zhuxi`s structure of human nature shows that the relationship between weifa and yifa已發, is basically that between the homogenious whole and the brilliant tiaoli條理; the nature in its weifa state exists as an undifferentiable entirety, while its respective tiaoli is brilliant but inherent. On contact with external material, the brilliant tiaoli is stirred and differentiated, and becomes exposed. One could say that the distinguishing factor between weifa and yifa is in ``differentiation``: In the state of inner equilibrium the human nature is homogenious and therefore undifferentiable; but in its yifa state, it is differentiated, finding expression. Therefore, the method for working on one`s weifa does not have its focus on perceiving the differ-entiated tiaoli, but on maintaining the undifferentiable entirety, such as preserving the Heavenly Principle or the totality of the substance.