페달관과 그 운용법에 관한 고찰

이명학 한국음악학회 1984 한국음악학회논문집 음악연구 Vol.3 No.1

In spite of the importance of the three pedals in piano playing, there are only few studies done on this subject. The reasons can be summed up as the followings: 1) the absence of the clear descriptions on the pedal techniques. 2) a lack of interest in the pedal techniques among the piano population. 3) the difficulties in explaining the pedal techniques. But the significant improvements made on the instrument itself since its invention, combined with the considerable expansion of the concepts of melody, harmony, rhythm, texture, etc. in piano literature, demand a greater variety of sounds from the modern piano. The author believes that the three pedals have very important roles in this world of modern piano playing. In this study, the basic concept of pedaling, various terminologies which relate to the pedals, various pedal techniques and how these pedal techniques are applied in performance in order to express individuality are explained. Also, several helpful comments on the subject of the pedaling given by recognized pianists and piano teachers are included at the end of this study.

일제시기 행정구역의 개편과 명칭의 변화 -면을 중심으로-

이명학 한국독립운동사연구소 2020 한국독립운동사연구 Vol.0 No.70

As the number of Myeons increased which had to worry about their own existence, the Governor-General of Korea took on unifying Myeons with inferior financial conditions. As a consequence, the division and arrangement of Myeons took place around the nation until the Liberation. The first period(1917~27) witnessed a prominent increase in the number of designated Myeons with the merger of Myeons lagging behind. The second period (1928~36) saw the active arrangement of Myeons driven by the one school for one Myeon system, town planning, and residents’ voluntary demand. The third period(1937~45) featured the rapid increase of Eups and the unification of Myeons with poor finance simultaneously. The names of Myeons were first decided based on their own efforts and the unique features of their areas. On a secondary level, names of Myeons were created by borrowing and combining one letter from each of the concerned Myeons. Furthermore, the old names of Myeons were changed due to the unification of names for the seats of Kun offices, adjustment of confusion according to the addition of new administrative districts, and alteration of representative names commonly used in reality. That is, the people of Joseon began to reorganize their own identity based on new administrative districts and names in 1914. 존립 자체를 걱정해야 하는 면이 증가하자 조선총독부는 재정이 열악한 면의 통폐합에 나섰다. 그 결과 해방이 될 때까지 면의 분화와 정리가 전국적으로 이루어졌다. 첫 번째 시기(1917~27년)에는 지정면의 증가가 두드러졌다. 반대로 면의 통폐합은 상대적으로 저조했다. 두 번째 기간(1928~36년)에는 1면1교제와 시가지계획의 실시, 주민의 자발적인 요구에 기인하여 면의 정리가 활발히 시행되었다. 세 번째 시기(1937~45년)에는 읍의 급증과 재정이 빈약한 면의 통폐합이 동시에 나타났다. 한편 면의 명칭은 일차적으로 면의 자력과 지역의 고유한 성격에 의거하여 설정이 되었고 이차적으로 대상의 명칭에서 1글자씩 차용·결합하는 방식이 사용되었다. 나아가 군청소재지의 명칭 통일, 행정구역 신설에 다른 혼동의 조정, 현실에서 통용되는 대표 호칭의 변화 등을 이유로 기존 명칭이 변경되기도 했다. 즉 1914년 이후 새로운 행정구역과 명칭 위에서 조선인의 정체성이 재구성되기 시작했던 것이다.

총동원체제기(1938~1945) 주택정책의 변화와 주택지경영사업의 전개: 평양을 중심으로

이명학 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2020 한국문화 Vol.0 No.89

The Japanese Government-General of Korea implemented a housing estate management project to solve housing issues that hindered low prices and the reproduction of labor force. The scale of the project was the largest in Pyeongyang as the area had an additional unique feature of raising funds to purchase land for military use. The project in Pyeongyang passed dual difficulties, filling its content. The first difficulty involved the purchase of land. The administrative authorities solved this issue with physical force and expropriation. The second difficulty derived from the lack of labor force. The Pyeongyang section minimized setbacks in the construction by mobilizing students and residents. Despite all these, however, the housing estate management project failed to fulfill its goals. Its attempt at building a residential park went down the drain due to the shortage of materials. The sales of housing estate recorded poor performance due to structural issues. As long as social development was treated as a dependent variable of economic development, the housing issues were far from solution.

Preparation of Carbopol/Chitosan Interpolymer Complex as a Controlled Release Tablet Matrix; Effect of Complex Formation Medium on drug Release Characteristics

이명학,전명관,최후균 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.7

Chitosan/Carbopol®971NF (poly acrylic acid) interpolymer complexes were prepared in pH 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 medium to control the ratio of chitosan and Carbopol®971NF in the interpolymer complex. FT-IR analysis confirmed that the mechanism of complexation involved an electrostatic interaction between the NH3 + of chitosan and COO− of Carbopol®971NF. An increase in the pH of the preparation medium was accompanied by an increase in the ratio of chitosan in the chitosan/Carbopol®971NF complex. The maximum yield of interpolymer complexes prepared at pH 3, 4, and 5 (IPC3, IPC4, IPC 5) were obtained at ratios of 1/10, 1/5, and 1/4 (chitosan/Carbopol®971NF), respectively. At pH 1.2, the overall drug release from IPC tablets did not show significant differences. However, at pH 6.8, the rate of drug release from the IPC5 tablet was higher than that from the IPC4 tablet. The release rate from the IPC3 tablet was observed to increase with time. The release mechanism was increasingly dominated by the relaxational contribution in the order of IPC3, IPC5, and IPC4 at pH 6.8. The diffusional contribution was dominated only in the early stage of drug release and the relaxational contribution gradually increased with time.

한문단편(漢文短篇)에 나타난 여성형상 : 「검녀 (劍女)」 , 「길녀 (吉女)」를 중심으로

이명학 한국한문학회 1985 韓國漢文學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

권두언

이명학 전국한자교육추진총연합회 2008 한글한자문화 Vol.105 No.-

한 대학 신입생의 우울수준과 관련변인에 관한 연구

이명학,남해성,손석준,이정애,김병우 대한보건협회 1994 대한보건연구 Vol.20 No.2

1994년도 한 대학 1년생을 대상으로 8개항목의 생활만족지수(LSI-W) 그리고 20개항목의 우울지수(CES-D) 및 관련변인들을 조사하여 각각의 점수와 우울증의 유병률을 계산하고 서로간의 관련성을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 생활만족지수의 평균점수는 9.98이었고 비흡연군, 비음주군, 운동을 하는 군에서 평균점수가 유의하게 높았다(p<0.01). 2. 우울지수의 평균점수는 17.2였고 여학생에서 남학생보다 유의하게 높았고, 우울증의 유병률은 19.8%이었고 여학생에서 남학생보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.01). 3. 우울증세 고위험군과 저위험군에 있어서 건강에 대한 본인의 생각과 본인이 인지하는 체중에서 차이가 있었으며, 생활만족지수, 가족수, 체중, 신장에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 4. 우울지수와 생활만족지수, 연령, 종교활동기간, 신장, 체중등과는 음의 상관을 나타내고(p<0.01), 가족수, 수면시간, 경제수준과는 양의 상관을 보였다(p<0.01). 5. CES-D에 영향을 미치는 변수를 알아보기 위한 단계적 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 생활만족도, 성별, 건강에 대한 본인의 생각, 본인이 인지하는 체중, 흡연, 음주가 CES-D에 의한 우울증 발현에 있어서의 유의한 요인으로 나타났다(p<0.05). The questionnaire survey using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale(CES-D) and 8-items Life Satisfaction Index Well-being(LSI-W) and other variables was conducted to determine the prevalence of depression and to identify the correlation among CES-D and related factors. Study population was the whole freshman group newly enrolled in a university. The results were as follows; 1. Mean score of LSI-W was 9.98 and that score was higher in non-smokers, non-drinkers and exercise group (p<0.01). 2. Mean score of CES-D was 17.2 and the prevalence of depression was 19.8%. And those were significantly higher in female than in male(p<0.01). 3. Perceived health status, perceived weight, LSI-W, family size, weight and height were significant variables between high and low risk group of depression(p<0.05). 4. CES-D score was negatively correlated with LSI-W, age, duration of religious life, height, weight and po-sitively correlated with family size, sleeping time and economic status(p<0.01). 5. In the regression analysis significant predictors of the depression were sex, preceived health status, weight, smoking and drinking(p<0.05).

특집 논문 : 모더니티와 모더니즘 문학 -1930년대를 중심으로

이명학 단국대학교 한국문화기술연구소 2008 한국문화기술 Vol.6 No.-

本論文主要考察了近代以及近代性和現代主義文學槪念(定義), 也談論了其槪念的相互關系, 最后談論了現代主義文學在韓國文學中的特征。 近代以及近代性這個槪念在韓國文學中仍然有爭議, 與타關聯的現代主義槪念的理解也如此。 近代以及近代性, 現代主義槪念是不是自生的。 1930年代的韓國文學中出現的現代主義思潮是通過日本接受的西歐的東西。 現代主義思潮在西歐先興起, 西歐的現代主義文學具有非常濃厚的文明批判意識。 而韓國的現代主義文學把西歐的文明作爲追求的對象, 因此不像西歐的現代主義文學缺乏文明批判意識。 但是殖民地下的知識分子的彷徨和苦悶的描寫, 富有特定時代的氣息。 這成爲韓國的現代主義文學的特征。

漢字敎育의 當爲性과 意義 - 왜 漢字敎育을 强化해야 하는가?-

이명학 한국한문교육학회 2005 한문교육논집 Vol.25 No.-

In Korea, Chinese character was inflew in the period of 3 states of Past Korea, already. Later on, Chinese was an only tool to express history and feelings when we didn’t have our own character. Accordingly, many Chinesewords have traced in Korean with no doubt. However, after the liberation, the society prohibited Chinese character because of the simple reason that it was not ours and reliedto use only Korean systematically. However, this generated many problems during last 30 years that Chinese character has been needed in many areas. It happened not only in newspapers and broadcasting, but also textbooks and Korean dictionaries that are the foundation and origin of countries knowledge and culture. So, we triedto find examples and causes of an error, and look for the right decision of Chinese education. At the same time, the importance in role and function of Chinese character has to be realized. 우리나라에서는 이미 삼국시대 초기에 漢字가 유입되었다. 그 후 漢字는 우리의 문자가 없던 시기에 우리 선조들의 사상과 감정을 표기하는 도구였던 것이다. 따라서 우리말 속에 수많은 漢字語가 자리 잡게 된 것은 지극히 당연한 것이다. 그러나 해방이후 漢字는 우리의 것이 아니라는 단순한 이유로 한자를 배척하고 한글 전용을 제도적으로 시행하였다. 그러나 한글전용 30여년의 결과는 사회 곳곳에서 漢字를 쓰거나 필요로 하는 곳에서 수많은 오류가 나타나게 되었다. 신문과 방송은 물론 심지어 교과서와 국어사전등 한 나라의 학문의 기초와 근간이 되는 곳에서 조차 이러한 현상은 예외가 아니다. 우리는 다양한 오류의 예를 찾아보고 왜 이러한 현상이 나타나게 되었는가에 대한 원인을 검토하고, 향후 漢文敎育의 올바른 방향을 모색해본다.아울러 동아시아의 국제정세의 변화 속에서 漢字의 역할과 기능에 대해 살펴보고, 그 중요성에 대해서도 인식을 한다.

한자교육의 당위성(當爲性)과 의의(意義) -왜 한자교육을 강화해야 하는가?-

이명학 전국한자교육추진총연합회 2005 한글한자문화 Vol.73 No.-