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施設栽培 딸기 圃場에서 Dicarboximide 系 藥劑抵抗性 잿빛곰팡이 炳菌의 發生
劉勝憲,朴貞憲 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1992 농업과학연구 Vol.19 No.2
Isolates of Botrytis cinerea resistant to dicarboximide fungicides were collected from strawberry fields in greenhouses in spring and early summer of 1990. Five out of 9 isolates of B. cinera were resistant, which showed mycerial growth on PDA containing dicarboximide fungicides(procymidone and vinclozolin) with concentrations of 100, 400 and 1,600㎍g/ml. The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) values of the dicaboximide-resistant isolates was more than 6,400㎍/ml. while that of the sensitive isolates was less than 6.25㎍/ml. The germination ratio of conidia of the resistant isolates on PDA containing procymidone and vincolozolin was more than 95%, wile that of the sensitive was less than 15%. The procymidone-resistant isolates were also resistant to vinclozolin, showing cross-resistant between the fungicides, but cross-resistant was not observed between the dicarboximides and dichlofluanid. Resistance to benomyl was also found in all the dicarboximide resistant isolates. Occurrence frequency of dicarboximide-resistant isolates out of 223 isolates was about 40%. The resistant isolates were widely distributed throughout Korea.
Botrytis elliptica(berk.) Cooke에 依한 韓國 未記錄 百合잎마름病
劉勝憲,金洪琪,朴鍾聲 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1988 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.15 No.1
A severe blight disease of lily (Lilium spp.) caused by Botrytis elliptica was found in a vinyl house in Taejon for the first time in 1987. Initial symptom of the disease was brown spotting on leaves and stems of the plants. The spots gradually increased in size and coalesced to form bigger spots and blights on the leaves. Plants with severe damage became brown and sometimes died. In the inoculation experiments, the fungus was found to be pathogenic only to lily, but not to pepper, tomato, ginseng, onion and welth onion.
韓國에서의 벼 잎집무늬마름명 發生變動에 關한 生態學的 硏究
劉勝憲 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1977 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.4 No.2
In an attempt to obtain a basic information to develop an effective integrated system of controlling sheath blight of rice in Korea, the transition of this disease, the variation of cultural characters and pathogenicity of the pathogen, environmental conditions affecting the disease outbreak and varietal resistance have been investigated. 1. Rice sheath blight which has been minor disease in the past was widely spread, especially since 1971. This disease has promptly spread all over the country and infected 65.2% of total rice growing area in 1976. Various factors are considered to be related to such transition of this disease. Above all, increace of application of nitrogenous fertilizer, early season and earlier cultivation of rice, introduction of more susceptible "Tongil" varieties etc. must be important factors influencing the outbreak of this disease. 2. Great variations in cultural characteristics-such as mycelial growth rate, color of the medium, amount of the aerial mycelium, shape and color of the sclerotia-and in the pathogenicity of isolates of the pathogen, Thanatephorus cucumeris <Frank> Donk were observed. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth also varied with isolates, from 25℃ to 30℃. There were not necessarily any correlation between curtural characteristics and pathogenicity of isolates of Thanatephorus cucumeris. 3. Mycelial growth of isolates of Thanatephorus cucumeris on the PDA medium were correlated with the air temperatures of the region where the isolates were collected. The isolates from the regions with high temperature grew well on PDA medium at 35℃ than those from the region with low temperature, on the other hand, the isolates from the regions with the low temperature grew well on the same medium at 12℃ than those from the regions with high temperature. 4. Pectin polygalacturonase (PG) and cellulase (Cx) were most active on the 3rd day after inoculation on the leaves of rice plant with Thanatephorus cucumeris, whereas pectin methylestrase (PE) was most active on the 4th day after inoculation. Relationship between the activities of PE of isolates and the strength of pathogenicity of isolates was obtained, but PG and cellulase activities were not correlated with pathogenicity of isolates. 5. The tolerence of sclerotia from in-vitro culture to low temperature varied with their water content, the dried cultural sclerotia were more tolerent than wet ones, Dried cultural sclerotia maintained almost 100% germinability for 45 days at -20℃, whereas wet sclerotia lost viability at -5℃. The germination ratio of the sclerotia after overwintering changed from 18% to 70% according to the water content of the test paddy fields and the ratio was low in wet paddy condition. 6. To investigate the host range of this fungi in and near paddy field, 17 weeds were inoculated with fungi. The lesions of sheath blight disease was obserbed on Sagittaria trifolia L., Echinochloa crusgalli P.Beauv., Monochoria vaginalis Presl, Polygonum Hydropiper L., Eclipta prostrata L., Digitaria sanguinalis Scapoli. 7. When the level of nitrogen applied was doubled over standard level, total nitrogen content in rice sheath increased, and when silicate was applied, starch content in rice sheath decreased, inducing the rice plants more susceptible to sheath blight disease. Increased dressing of potash ferilizer reduced the incidence of sheat blight disease. 8. The percentage of infected stems in the early period increased more in the narrow hill plot than in the wide hill plot, but in the late period this tendency was inversed; the percentage of infected stems as well as severity in the wide hill plot increased more compared to the narrow hill plot, and the disease severity in the one plant per hill plot was also low. The number of stems in the wide hill plot was more than the number of stems in the narrow hill plot. This indicates that the microclimate, such as the relative humidity, in the narrow hill plot was more favorable for the development of this disease. 9. There was a high negative correlation between the disease severity of varieties to the sheath blight and the maturity of the varieties, that is, the early varieties were more susceptible than the late ones, and much-tillering varieties usually showed more infection than less tillering varieties. 10. No relationship was obtained between the percentage of infected stems in the early period and the severity after heading, whereas a distinct relationship was obtained between former and latter after Aug. 10.