류마치스성 심장질환 환자에서 대동맥판막치환

안재호,이영균,An, Jae-Ho,Lee, Yeong-Gyun 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1984 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.17 No.3

77 cases of Aortic Valve Replacement, which were composed of 64 rheumatic valvular heart disease and 13 combined congenital heart disease, were operated at Seoul National University Hospital for Aortic valvular disease during the period from June 1968 to December 1983. Among these 64 rheumatic aortic valvular heart disease cases, 8 patients were expired during and immediate after operation and overall mortality rate was 12.5%. For more precise remarks, these patients were divided into two periodic groups, 1st period [from 1968 to 1976] and 2nd [from 1977 to 1983] when annual open heart surgery were over 100 cases, and in 1st period three of four patients were died and in 2nd period five of sixty patients were died and its mortality rate was 8.3%. There were 12 cases of postoperative complication, which were 3 cases of remaining other valvular heart disease required MVR, 2 paravalvular leaks [one of them got Redo AVR], 4 thromboembolism or problem of anticoagulant therapy, 2 late death due to SBE with replaced valve failure and one functional AS with small sized valve. Operative death was affected by pump-time and aortic cross-clamping time, heart size, Ejection Fraction, LVEDP and symptom duration, and other many factors may influence the survival rate. Improved operative technique and myocardial protection and meticulous evaluation of the preoperative patient status will make the AVR safer.

청색심기형 교정술후 혼합정맥혈 산소분압과 심근상태 및 혈류역학치와의 상관관계 분석

안재호,김용진,An, Jae-Ho,Kim, Yong-Jin 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1989 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.22 No.2

We utilized pulmonary artery pressure monitoring system in risky patients for preventing the postoperative pulmonary hypertensive crisis and for sampling the mixed venous blood. And this mixed venous blood oxygen saturation [MVSO2] or partial pressure [MVPO2]tells us many meaningful patients state. We selected 59 cyanotic congenital heart diseased patients, who were operated in our hospital from Nov. 1987 to Oct. 1988, in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children\ulcorner Hospital, who had pulmonary artery pressure monitoring catheter and who made us know their mixed venous oxygen condition. We found that there was no close relationship between MVPO2 and Cardiac Index [C.I.] during early postoperative period, but on the first and second day after operation the correlation coefficient was increased as r=0.35[p=0.008], r=0.78[p=0.0001]. So we concluded that the correlation between MVPO2 and C.I. was more reliable with time going as hemodynamic stabilization. And we experienced no survivors whose MVPO2 was under 20 torr, but that was not the only factor for death. From these results, we conclude that we can consider the MVPO2 [or MVSO2] representing C.I. after stabilized postoperative condition of the open heart surgery patients, but during early postoperative period, in addition to this MVPO2, we should do also apply other parameter such as urine output, arterial blood pressure, left atrial pressure and pulmonary arterial pressure for exact estimation of the patients status.

소의 심낭을 이용한 이종이식 보철편의 개발 (I)고정액의 농도와 장력

안재호,김용진,An, Jae-Ho,Kim, Yong-Jin 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1989 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.22 No.3

Glutaraldehyde is known as an ideal preservatives for pericardial heterograft, and many laboratories used this chemicals for preparing tissue valves, pericardial patches and MVOP [monocusp ventricular outflow patch] so we tried to find out the appropriate concentration and ingredients of the Glutaraldehyde for the preparing bovine pericardium. We selected 50 calves, aged about 2 years, and procured their pericardia. These were divided 6 groups such as fresh group, treated with only antibiotics, treated with Glutaraldehyde 0,5%, 0.625 %, 0.75 %, and 0.875 %, and our experiments included microbial culture test, tensile strength measurement and microscopic examination. On microbial culture, there were no growth on 1 week and 4 weeks after preparation with all kind of Glutaraldehyde, but on 4 weeks after only antibiotics treatment [Penicillin, Streptomycin, Kanamycin, Amphotericin -B] E.coli and candida albicans were observed. On tensile strength test, 0.625 % and 0.75 % Glutaraldehyde were revealed as the best preservatives for bovine pericardium and compared to other commercial products they kept more desirable tensile strength. On light and electron microscopic examinations, Glutaraldehyde treated pericardia had much regular and compact collagen fibers and preserved more normal structures, but there were no difference between the different concentration of the Glutaraldehyde. We concluded that 0.625% and 0.75 % Glutaraldehyde were the best concentration for preservation of bovine pericardium in our experiment.

양성 식도 협착

안재호,김주현,An, Jae-Ho,Kim, Ju-Hyeon 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1988 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.21 No.6

297 cases of military personnel and 7 cases of civilian were operated in K.A.F.C.H. from January 1982 to October 1988 due to cardiovascular disease, which consist of 202 cases [66.4%] of vascular disease, 91 cases [29.9%] of cardiac disease, and 11 cases [3.6%] of pericardial disease. Mean age was 25.8*7.2[2S.D.] year of age and nearly all patients were male except 4 cases of female patient in civilian. Of the 253 cases [83.2%] of acquired disease, vascular diseases were 149 cases [583%], traumatic cardiovascular 54 [21.3%], cardiac 40 [15.8%], and pericardial 10 [4.0%]. Of the 51 cases [16.8%] of congenital diseases, cardiac anomalies were 48 cases [94.1%], vascular 2 [3.9%] and pericardial 1 [2.0%]. Open heart surgery was done in 83 cases of cardiac disease, which consists of 39 cases [46.9%] of valvular heart disease, 22 cases [26.59o] of ASD, 14 cases [16.9%] of VSD, 2 cases [2.4%] of partial ECD, and so on. Of the 6 cases [2.0%] of over-all mortality, operative death in open heart surgery was 4 cases[4.8%].

활로 4징증에서 폐동맥의 상태와 수술성적과의 관계

안재호,서경필,An, Jae-Ho,Seo, Gyeong-Pil 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1984 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.17 No.4

In Tetralogy of Fallot, the most common congenital cyanotic heart disease, the mortality is decreasing continuously with adequate type and timing of operation. At S.N.U.H., 195 patients were operated from January 1982 to December 1983 and 176 patients among them were analysed in the view of pre-operative pulmonary arterial condition measured by cardiac cineangiogram. The most common associated anomaly was PFO and ASD and they did not affect the postoperative course and mortality. The overall mortality rate was 8.5% in 1982 and 6.8% in 1983 but under 2 years of age, the mortality rate was relatively high as 25% in 1982 and 16.7% in 1983, and when transannular patch widening of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract was used, the mortality rate was 12.5% in 1982 and 27.3% in 1983. Preoperative angiographic measurements of the pulmonary arterial status for prediction of the ratio between the Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular peak systolic pressure were calculated retrospectively according to the Blackstones formula, and the predicted value of PRV/LV greater than 0.6 carried apparently high complication and mortality rate as 16.6% M.R. in 1982 and 11.1 % in 1983. Among postoperative complications, c-RBBB occurred most frequently about 50% but did not influenced to mortality, Low Cardiac Output Syndrome was developed in about 40%. If we select the patient who should have the staged operation including shunt operation and choose the type of RVOT relief, we expect the improvement of postoperative clinical results.

토끼 단일 심실근 세포에서 cyclic GMP의 $Ca^{2+}$ 전류 조절기전에 관한 연구

안재호,서경필,엄융의,An, Jae-Ho,Seo, Gyeong-Pil,Eom, Yung-Ui 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1992 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.25 No.4

In order to investigate the effect of intracellular cyclic GMP on the calcium channel, whole cell patch clamp technique with internal perfusion method was used in the single ventricular myocytes of the rabbit. Cyclic GMP, cGMP analogues, cAMP, isopernaline and forskolin were perfused into cells and their effects on the calcium current were analysed by applying depolarizing step pulse of 10 mV in amplitude for 200 msec from holding potential of -40 mV. Calcium currents usually activated from -30 mV and then reached a peak at +10 mV. Amplitude of the calcium current was standardized with membrane capacitance, 50 pF. Peak amplitude at +10 mV in control was -0.15 nA/50pF. When 100 mM cAMP was applied from the pipette, peak amplitude of calcium current increased to -0.32 nA and addition of 1 mM isoprenaline further increased its amplitude. In the presence of cGMP it alone also produced an increase of the calcium current to -0.52 nA/50pF and addition of isoprenaline or forskolin increased its magnitude to -[0.55~0.95] nA/50pF. Simultaneous application of cGMP and cAMP increased the calcium current to -0.67 nA/50pF. Among the cGMP analogues, 8-Br-cGMP was the most potent stimulant for the calcium current activation. From the above results it could be concluded tlat cGMP increases the calcium current not through cAMP dependent protein kinase nor cAMP dependent phosphodiesterase pathway, but through independent phosphorylation pathway, possibly cGMP dependent protein kinase pathway.

심에코를 이용한 승모판막이식환자의 예후결정요소에 관한 임상적 고찰

안재호,서경필,An, Jae-Ho,Seo, Gyeong-Pil 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1983 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.16 No.1

A hundred and eleven patients of mitral valvular heart disease, who were operated at Seoul National University Hospital, were analysed with echocardiogram before and after operation during the period from November 1979 to February 1982. Twenty-eight patients had mitral stenosis and eighty-three mitral regurgitation. In patients with mitral stenosis, right ventricular end-diastolic volume was in normal range at preoperative and postoperative period. But the left ventricular end-systolic volume was slightly increased preoperatively to 35.4mm and decreased to 33.5mm on immediate postoperative period and 32.5mm after a year later. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume was 50.5mm preoperatively and fell to 46.8mm postoperatively. Ejection fraction was normal preoperatively and postoperatively without changes. Left atrial size fell significantly from 50ram to 37.6mm at the time of late follow-up study. With mitral regurgitation, right ventricular end-diastolic volume was also normal preoperatively and postoperatively. The left ventricular end-systolic volume was increased to 41.9mm and decreased to 31.6mm postoperatively with statistic significance. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume fell from 58.5mm to 45.7mm significantly at the time of late follow-up period. Ejection fraction was also within normal range and had no changes postoperatively. Left atrial size fell from 54.8mm to 45.5mm on a year later [ p value less than 0.01 ]. When atrial fibrillation, the left atrial dimension was increased as 54.9mm compared with 46.8mm of no atrial fibrillation patients.

상향식 방법을 이용한 산업 부분의 온실가스 배출량 산정 연구

안재호(AN Jae-Ho),안상전(AHN Sang-Jueon) 한국태양에너지학회 2010 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.30 No.6

Recently environmental regulations like the Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, required the reduction of the greenhouse gas of 5.2% up to 1990 regulations. and 13th General Assembly in 2007, held in Bali of India, have agreed to duty reduction even in developing countries in 2013. Because of the lack of information about real process in small or middle size industries, most recent research omitted to calculate green house gas emissions from the industrial process. Bottom-up methodology will be applied for calculation of greenhouse gas emission from industry sector to solve these problems in this research. Total amount from industry sector of Shicheung-City in 2007 was about 1,797,305 tons of greenhouse gas CO₂ and 3,049,403 tons of the greenhouse gas CO₂ calculated from industry sector of Ansan-City in 2007.

기상모델을 이용한 지표면 반사능에 따른 냉방에너지 소비 저감 연구

안재호(AN Jae-Ho) 한국태양에너지학회 2010 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.30 No.3

Recently environmental regulations like the Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, required the 5.2% reduction of the greenhouse gas emission in 1990. And 13th General Assembly in 2007, held in Bali of India, have agreed to duty reduction even in developing countries in 2013. Korean government needs the researches on climate change and the strategic programs for greenhouse gas reduction. In this paper Colorado State University Mesoscale Model(CSU-MM) was applied to simulate the relationship between surface albedo and air temperature. Meteorological model simulation in region of Ansan-City, Shiheung-City showed that mean air temperature became lower with the increase of albedo value. Simulated air temperature became lower -0.16 ℃ and -0.66 ℃ by 5% and 20% increase of albedo values respectively. And cooling energy saving amount in air conditioning process was calculated according to lowered air temperature. The reduction of air temperature resulted the reduction of air conditioning energy in personal house and commercial buildings. The increase of albedo from 5% to 20% resulted the reduction of air conditioning energy from 44,493 ㎿h/yr to 183,796 ㎿h/yr. Additionally the reduction of greenhouse gas emission through the energy saving was calculated after IPCC guideline. In terms of greenhouse gas emission CO₂ was reduced form -30,414 ton-CO₂/yr to -125,638 ton-CO₂/yr according to the reduction of electric energy.

05 포스터 발표 : 환경 화학 분야(PC) ; CAPSS 자료를 이용한 경기 남부지역 WRF-chem 입력자료의 구축 연구

안재호 ( Jae Ho An ) 한국환경농학회 2014 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2014 No.-

WRF-chem 대기오염모델링 수행을 위하여 경기도 남부의 오염배출입력 자료를 구축하는 것이 필수적이다. 미국의 경우 NEI-05 배출량 자료를 미국전역에 적용 가능하도록 되어 있으나, 국내의 경우 환경부에서 제공하는 CAPSS 자료를 활용하는 것이 가장 타당하다고 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 기상부분의 WRF를 수행하여 동아시아 지역(D1), 한반도(D2), 수도권(D3) 도메인에 대하여 기상자료를 추출하였고, 이를 바탕으로 nesting-down 방법을 적용하여 대상지역인 수도권(D3)의 대기오염모델링 수행을 위한 대기오염 입력파일을 생성하였다. 구체적인 연구방법으로는 첫째, WRF의 결과인 wrfinput-d01, wrfinput-d02, wrfinput-d03 와 wrfbdy-d01 파일을 입력 자료로 하여 MCIP(Meteorology Chemistry Interface Processor)를 수행하여 GRID_CRO_2D, GRID_BDY_3D, MET_CRO_3D 등의 총 8개의 파일을 생성한다. 둘째, MCIP의 결과를 연결하여 SMOKE3.6 버전을 이용하여 CB5와 SAPRC99의 광화학 반응 메커니즘을 위한 연구 대상 도메인의 대기오염 입력자료를 추출 하였다. 셋째, 이를 WRF-chem의 입력자료의 형태로 전환하여 최종적으로 wrfchemi-d01의 형태를 구축하였다. 특히 세 번째 단계의 경우 추출되는 파일의 형식이 ASCII, NetCDF 등으로 다양하여 이들의 내부 전환을 위하여 IDL8.3을 활용하여 최종적으로 우리나라 특정한 지역을 대상으로 WRF-chem 입력자료를 구축 하였다. 기존의 연구들이 기상부분과 대기오염모델이 분리되어 수행되는 모델시스템이여서 대기오염모델수행 시에 기상모델부분에서 생성되는 세부적인 자료들이 약 한 시간 간격으로 전달되는 방식으로 수치모의가 수행되었다. 그러나 본 연구의 WRF와 WRF-chem 대기오염모델링 시스템의 경우 chem부분이 Subroutine의 방식으로 실행이 되므로 기상부분의 변화가 1분~3분 정도의 작은 시간해상도로 전달이 이루어진다고 할 수 있겠다. 본 연구의 결과인 WRF-chem 대기오염입력파일의 구축이 최근에 우리나라에서 문제가 되고 있는 광화학반응에 의한 미세분진과 고농도오존 에피소드 분석 및 연구에 아주 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 또한 구축된 CB5 또는 SAPRC99의 광화학반응에 입력될 약 30 종에 해당하는 대기오염물질의 대상지역의 배출량 및 형태를 그래픽화 하였을 때 비교적 합리적인 자료로 활용될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.