대상포진후 신경통 환자에서 Ketamine의 경구 투여 경험 - 증례 보고 -

김용익 ( Young Ik Kim ),정재윤 ( Jai Yun Jung ),채원석 ( Won Seok Chae ),황경호 ( Kyung Ho Hwang ),박욱 ( Wook Park ) 대한통증학회 2003 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.16 No.1

초등 실과 전담 교사제 운영에 관한 연구

김용익(Kim Yong Ik) 한국실과교육학회 2001 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.14 No.4

The purposes of this study were to justify the need of exclusive responsibility teacher system operation in elementary practical arts subject, to examine teachers’ opinion about this system. This study were carried out through literature review and survey. The major findings and recommendations of this study were as follows. 1. Considering characteristics of practical arts education and trend of societal specialization, we need to introduce and operate the exclusive responsibility teacher system in elementary practical arts subject positively. 2. It is not easy to get exclusive responsibility teachers for practical arts education because of low preference for the system. So it was recommended that advantage should be given to them so that a lot of teachers could apply. 3. There were few teachers who took courses for practical arts in the form of in-service teacher education. So more in-service education opportunities should be given to teachers who wish to learn about practical arts subject. 4. In the selection of educational contents for exclusive responsibility teachers for practical arts education, first of all, information communication technology, product maneuvering, teaching method of practical arts subject should be emphasized. 5. Teaching and evaluating method in exclusive responsibility teachers education for practical arts should be done in experiment and practice centered as teachers demand. 6. Teachers’ satisfaction degree toward teacher education in practical arts subject was very low. Therefore, curriculum for teacher education should be reorganized so that all teachers can like and satisfy themselves in the future.

교육대학교에서 펀 경험(Fun Experience)을 통한 발명교육 방안

김용익(Kim, Yong Ik) 한국실과교육학회 2017 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.30 No.1

이 연구는 교육대학교에서 많은 예비교사들이 발명교육 관련 과목을 선택하여 보다 즐겁고 재미있게 공부하고 연구하게하기 위해서는 이론적인 축적이 필요하다는 생각에서 시작되었다. 무엇보다도 예비교사가 즐거워하고 중요한 내용이라고 생각한다면 앞으로 우리나라 발명교육은 더욱 활성화될 수 있을 것으로 생각을 했고, 이를 위해서는 펀 경험의 이론적인 틀과 적용 가능성을 탐구할 필요가 있다. 발명교육이 스포츠, 게임, 영화 등에서처럼 학습자들이 펀하게 느낄 수는 없을까 하는 바람이 있었다. 펀 구성요소 관점에서 발명교육 내용표준을 분석해보았는데, 발명교육의 내용은 학습자들이 펀하게 학습할 수 있음이 확인되었다. 다시 말해, 실생활과의 관련성, 학습자 주도적인 학습, 호기심, 기대감 등의 내적 요소뿐만 아니라 통합교과, IT기반 환경, 참여, 팀워크, 격려와 피드 백, 표현도구, 실제적 환경 등의 외적 요소를 충족시키고 있었다. 발명교육을 펀 경험과 접목 시키기 위한 적절한 연구였다고 판단된다. 펀 경험에 기초하여 교육대학교 발명교육 방안으로는 펀(Fun), 범교과적 통합성(Unification), 발표(Notification) 기회 부여, 팀워크(Teamwork), 불완전한(Half-baked) 성격의 과제, 격려와 피드 백(Encouragement & Feedback), 주인 의식(Owner sprit), 여유 있는(Relaxed) 활동 지향적 경험, 강한 열망(Yearning)을 제시하였다. 교육대학교에서도 교육수요자 중심으로 패러다임을 바꾸고, 그 대안으로 펀한 발명교육이 이루어지도록 해야 할 것이다. 추후에는 펀한 발명교육 수업 모형, 타과목과의 융합된 과목, 펀한 발명수업 사례를 발굴하고 그 효과를 검증하기 위한 연구도 이루어져야 할 것이다. This research began with a realistic problem that many pre-service teachers at the national university of education could choose the subject of invention education, study and research more fun. First of all, if the pre-service teacher is pleased and thinks that it is important contents, it is thought that the invention education of our country will be more resilient. There was a desire that learners receiving inventive education should have fun as in sports, games, and movies. From the perspective of fun elements, I analyzed the content standard of invention education, and it was confirmed that the content of invention education was enough for learners to learn happily. In other words, they met external factors such as integrated subject, IT-based environment, participation, teamwork, encouragement and feedback, expression tools, and practical environment as well as internal factors such as relevance to real life, learner-led learning, curiosity and expectation. It is thought that it was appropriate study to combine invention education with fun experience. Based on the fun experience, I named it Fun experience as a way to educate pre-service teachers. In other words, as a plan of invention education, Fun, Unification, Notification opportunity, Teamwork, Half-baked problems, Encouragement & Feedback, Owner sprit, Relaxed activity-oriented experience, and stronger Yearning. In national university of education, the paradigm should be changed in the direction of education demanders, and education of fun inventions should be made as an alternative. It is necessary to study for the purpose of discovering the fictional invention education class model, the fusion course with other subjects, and the example of the funny invention class and to verify the effect.

교육대학교 실과교육 프로그램 개발 요구분석

김용익(Kim Yong Ik) 한국실과교육학회 2004 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.17 No.4

The purpose of this study was to assess need for practical arts education program development at National Mniversity of education. The population for this study consisted of all the 3th, 4th grade trainee-teachers, all practical arts professors currently being at nationwide National University of Education, all teachers at nationwide elementary school. A random sample of 1,363 cases was chosen for this study. A survey instrument was developed from the review of literature to collect data. The result of this study were as follow: 1) It was proposed that standard plan of practical arts lesson applied at nationwide colleges of education should be developed for an effective teacher education. 2) Choosing contents of practical arts subject, first of all, an emphasis should be given to connection with practical arts of elementary school and relationship with real life. 3) The degree of educational need in practical arts education part was most high among four parts. So these results should be reflected at developing an instructing materials for compulsory course. 4) The degree of educational need in home economics part was relatively high at consumers’ economy education, consumers’ right and consumption environmental problem, relationship with nutrition and health. 5) The degree of educational need in life science part was relatively high at an understanding of agriculture and life engineering, a practice using garden plant, an understanding of agricultural environment preservation. 6) The degree of educational need in life technology part was relatively high at understanding and manipulation of a robot for education, understanding of machine and equipment in life.

G 교육대학교 "학습지도실습(학습보조교사)제"에 대한 예비교사들의 인식 분석

김용익 ( Yong Ig Kim ) 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 2015 교사교육연구 Vol.54 No.2

이 연구는 G 교육대학교에서 2013년부터 도입하여 적용하고 있는 ‘학습지도 실습(학습보조교사)제’의안정적인 정착 방안을 모색하기 위하여 참여한 예비교사들을 대상으로 이 제도의 당면 과제와 개선안등 인식 정도를 조사하였다. 학습지도실습(학습보조교사)제에 참여한 예비교사 599명의 절반 정도에 해당하는 300명의 예비교사에게 설문지를 배부하여 회수한 258매를 통계처리 하였으며, 사용된 통계 기법은 평균, 표준편차, χ² 분석, 일원변량분석법이다. 결론 및 제언은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 제도의 명칭과 관련하여 ‘교과교육실습제’ 또는 ‘학습보조교사제’보다는 ‘학습지도실습제’라는 명칭에 대한 예비교사들의 선호도가 높았다. 따라서 ‘학습지도실습제’라는 명칭의 사용을 적극 제안한다. 둘째, 학습지도실습(학습보조교사) 파견 이전에 학습부진아 이해, 실습생으로서의 매너, 교육실습 프로그램의 마련, 현장 지도교사를 대상으로 한 사전교육 등을 강화할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 전국 최초로 도입ㆍ운영하고 있는 학습지도실습(학습보조교사)제는 예비교사들에게 교육현장의 본질을 경험하게 할 수 있는 검증된 제도이므로 전국의 초등교원양성대학교에 이를 확산ㆍ보급할 필요가 있다. 넷째, 예비교사들이 실습을 갔다 와 대학교에서 오후 수업을 들어야 할 경우 신체적인 피곤하기 때문에 많은 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 실습기간의 경우에도 15주(120시간)는 너무 길다는 지적이 많았다. 따라서 이후 정규 교육과정에 안정적으로 정착하기 위해서는 대학교의 강의시간표를 조정하고, 시교육청과 협의하여 실습기간을 10주(80시간) 정도로 축소하는 것을 고려할 필요가 있다. 다섯째, 예비교사의 상황변인, 즉 성별, 경험학기별, 심화과정 유형별에 따라 학습지도실습(보조교사)제에 대한 인식 정도가 다른 점을 고려하여, 상황변인에 따라 차별화하여 사전 지도 및 사후 관리를 할 필요가 있다. This study was introduced in 2013 and applied in the G national university education`` instructional practice (learning support staff). The study investigated the participating pre-service teachers perceptions in order to identify challenges and to suggest improvement measures. The findings were as follows: First, with regard to the name of the program, ``curriculum teaching practice`` and ``Learning support staff`` were not preferred as the participants had a higher affinity for the term ``instructional practice``. Therefore, we propose the use of the term ‘instructional practice``. Second, to strengthen the effectiveness of the program the introduction of the course should be aimed at the pre-service teacher``s understanding of the purpose and goals of the course. Third, based on the effectiveness of the country ``s first instructional practice (learning support staff) program which provided pre-service teachers with an authentic teaching experience should be extended to elementary teachers nationwide. Fourth, pre-service teachers reported difficulty actively participating throughout the entire program do to the length and time demands of the 15 weeks (120 hours) program. Therefore, adjusting the lecture timetable of the University, in consultation with the Department of Education should be reduce to 10 weeks (80 hours). Fifth, the pre-service teacher training course should include pre- guidance and follow-up elements to account for gender and length of study differences among pre-service teachers.

보건의료 주민참여의 정의와 전략에 대한 연구

김용익 ( Yong Ik Kim ) 한국보건행정학회 1992 보건행정학회지 Vol.2 No.2

인터넷을 통한 Web-Based Instruction (WBI) 의 교육적 효용성과 수업전략 : 실과교육을 중심으로

김용익(Yong Ik Kim) 대한공업교육학회 1998 대한공업교육학회지 Vol.23 No.1

The purposes of the study were to examine the concepts, features and educational effectiveness of Web-Based Instruction(WBI), to present the site addresses related to practical arts education for helping students or teachers` searching for needed educational information. This study was carried out by literature review and sites` analyses through PC communications. Web-Based Instruction(WBI) was defined as hypermedia-based instructional program which utilizes the attributes and resources of the Web to create a meaningful learning environment where learning is fostered and supported. WBI Features were divided into two categories: (1) key features(interactive, multimedial, open system, on line search, learner controlled, etc.) and (2) additional features(convenient, authentic, course security, cost effective, collaborative learning). Owing to these affirmative features, WBI could be described as more effective than traditional instruction in learning environment, leaners` critical skills, creative problem solving skills, and collaborative sensibilities. People who wishes to utilize WBI which have a lot of merits in practical arts education can use the site addresses showed in this study.

실과교과 내 학문영역간의 내재적 통합에 관한 연구

김용익(Kim Yong Ik),박행모(Park Haeng Mo),방기혁(Bang Gi Hyeuk),이성숙(Lee Seung Sug),표준영(Pyo Jun Yeong) 한국실과교육학회 2004 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Traditionally, practical arts subject have been organized into three parts such as home economics area, agriculture area, and technology area. But rigid classification among these areas have prevented the improvement of practical arts education on the contrary. Therefore, intrinsic integration of disciplinary parts within the practical arts subject were needed to solve this problem. According to the result of this study, it was identified that a lot of sub units of practical arts textbook could be integrated one another. For example, a sub unit of ‘vegetable growing(agriculture area)’ could be integrated into ‘cooking with vegetable(home economics area)’, ‘using cooking tools(technology area)’. And a sub unit of ‘dealing with electrical equipment’ could be integrated into ‘making wooden house for a pet dog(technology area)’, ‘installing lightening for a pet dog(technology area)’, and ‘making clothes for a pet dog(home economics area)’. In conclusion, intrinsic integration of disciplinary parts within the practical arts subject was found to have high validity and possibility.

Visual Analogue Scale과 R(III) Nociceptive Flexion Reflex와의 상관관계

김용익(Yong Ik Kim),김상현(Sang Hyun Kim),이주철(Ju Chul Lee),전재수(Jae Soo Jeon),황경호(Kyung Ho Hwang),박욱(Wook Park) 대한통증학회 2000 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.13 No.2

N/A Background: Pain is often measured using psychophysical scaling techniques. However, all of these methods found their limits, since they were based on the subjective sensations reported by the subjects. It is, therefore, desirable to validate psychophysical pain measures by simultaneously measuring some physiological correlate of nociception. We studied an objective method for measuring pain in human volunteer using R(III) nociceptive flexion reflex. Methods: Four different intensity of electrical stimuli between perception and 1.4 times the R(III) nociceptive flexion threshold were delivered to the sole of the feet in 8 normal volunteers. We measured the flexion reflex activity in the skin over the ipsilateral tibialis anterior muscle and subjects rated each stimulus on a visual analog scale (VAS) Results: Both R(III) nociceptive flexion reflex activity and VAS ratings showed a linear relationship with stimulus intensity and with each other in all volunteers. Conclusions: R(III) nociceptive flexion reflex elicited through electrical stimulation may used as an objective pain measurement, previsionary based on our study paradigm.

경피적 관동맥 확장술의 시술량과 조기 시술결과의 관련성

김용익,김창엽,이영성,김선민,이진석,오병희,강영호,Kim, Yong-Ik,Kim, Chang-Yup,Lee, Young-Sung,Kim, Sun-Mean,Lee, Jin-Seok,Oh, Byung-Hee,Khang, Young-Ho 대한예방의학회 2001 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.34 No.1

Objectives : To explore the relationship between Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty(PTCA) volume and the associated immediate outcome. Methods : A total of 1,379 PTCAs were peformed in 25 hospitals in Korea between October 8 and December 31 in 1997. Data from 1,317 PTCAs (95.5%) were collected through medical record abstraction. Inter-observer reliability of the data was examined using the Kappa statistic on a subsample of 110 PTCA procedures from five hospitals. Intra-observer reliability of the data was also examined. PTCA success and immediate adverse outcomes were selected as the outcome variables. A successful PTCA was defined as a case that shows less than 50% diameter stenosis and more than 20% reduction of diameter stenosis. Immediate adverse outcomes included deaths during the same hospitalization, emergency coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) within 24 hours after PTCA, and acute myocardial infarction within 24 hours after PTCA. The numbers of PTCAs performed in 1997 per hospital were used as the volume variables. Results : Without adjusting for patient risk factors that may affect outcomes, procedures at high volume hospitals ($\geq200$ cases per year) had a greater success rate (P=0.001) than low volume hospitals. There was a marginally significant difference (P=0.070) in major adverse outcome rates between high and low volume hospitals. After adjusting for risk factors, there were significant differences in procedural failure and major adverse outcome rates between high and low volume hospitals. Conclusions : After adjusting for patient clinical risk factors, the hospital volume of PTCA was associated with immediate outcomes. It is recommended that a PTCA volume per year be established in order to improve the immediate outcome of this procedure in Korea.