미국의 주거소비규범에 관한 연구

김경자,정순희 ( Kyung Ja Kim,Soon Hee Joung ) 대한가정학회 1995 Family and Environment Research Vol.33 No.3

한미FTA에 대한 소비자전망과 소비자태도

김경자,Kim, Kyung-Ja 한국가정관리학회 2009 가정과삶의질연구 Vol.27 No.6

This study examined the expectations and attitudes of urban Korean consumers with respect to the Korea-USA Free Trade Agreement (FTA), which was drafted on April, 2007. The data were collected through online surveys in which 527 adults answered structured questionnaires. The results showed that the number of consumers who favored the Korea-U.S.A. FTA was almost twice the number of those who objected to it. Most of the consumers surveyed expected not only positive effects but also negative ones from the FTA, and the more consumers expected positive effects from the FTA, the more they tended to have positive attitudes toward the trade agreement. The effects of consumers' individual characteristics on their expectations and attitudes were also analyzed in this experiment.

경기 일부 지역 중학생의 성별에 따른 급식인식 및 급식 품질 속성 비교 분석

김경자,이보숙,박문경,Kim, Kyung-Ja,Yi, Bo-Sook,Park, Moon-Kyung 한국학교보건학회 2010 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: This study was conducted to find ways to improve foodservice quality and satisfaction of middle school students in school lunch service. Recognition of concerns about school lunch and quality attributes was evaluated by gender. And we tried to investigate quality attributes which could affect degree of foodservice satisfaction by gender. Methods: Two hundred students from each of 6 middle schools (3 schools in urban and 3 schools in rural) in Gyeonggi Province were surveyed using self-developed questionnaires. Total of 1,103 questionnaires (male 556 and female 547) were collected and data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, cross table and stepwise multiple regression by SPSS 11.0. Results: There were not significant differences in average importance scores (male 4.09, female 4.06) and average performance scores (male 3.36, female 3.30) of quality attributes between middle school boys and girls. But there were significant differences in 7 and 6 of 25 quality attributes in evaluating importance and performance respectively by gender. There was not a significant difference (male 3.13, female 3.24) in degree of foodservice satisfaction by gender. But there were significant differences in the distribution of satisfaction. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that degree of satisfaction was influenced by a taste of food, quick complaint handling, providing favorite foods, and food hygiene in male students (F=$51.1^{***}$, adjusted $R^2$=.265). Degree of satisfaction was influenced by a taste of food, providing favorite food, proper meal prices, providing a wide variety of food in female students (F=$91.4^{***}$, adjusted $R^2$=.399). Conclusion: We found out that there were significant differences in quality attributes when evaluating importance and performance and in quality attributes which could affect foodservice satisfaction by gender.

총칭적 TU의 용법에 대한 연구

김경자 ( Kyung Ja Kim ) 한국불어불문학회 2011 불어불문학연구 Vol.0 No.88

Les pronoms francais ON et TU/VOUS se sont remplaces lorsqu`ils sont utilises comme pronoms generiques ou indefinis, qui representent des gens du commun. En francais familier, il y a quelques facteurs sociolinguistiques et pragmatiques utilises pour selectionner l`un de ON et TU/VOUS. Premierement, les facteurs sociolinguistiques, c`est une difference entre les sexes, le niveau d`education ou la stratification sociale. Les personnes moins instruites de la classe sociale inferieure et les personnes plus jeunes, plus d`hommes que de femmes, eux, ils ont tendance a utiliser le TU generique. Mais recemment, les etudiants de Paris ont utilise le TU generique. Generalement, l`ON generique a ete exprime avec les expressions suivantes : le verbe avoir, vouloir, les constructions presentatives c`est-a-dire il faut que, c`est que, c`est vrai que, je pense que, etc. Deuxiemement, le choix de ces pronoms(ON et TU) a ete influence par plusieurs facteurs pragmatiques. Les participants d`enquete ont utilise l`ON generique dans les situations suivantes : 1o. Quand il faut exprimer exactement la description objective et l`explication, 2o. Dans une situation formelle, 3o. Quand il est necessaire de maintenir une distance avec des interocuteurs. 4o. L`evaluation objective de l`affaire ou les hommes 5o. Quand les participants expriment le Maxime, le Proverbe, la Verite. Et pour le TU generique, il a ete utilisee avec des objectifs suivants : 1o. Pour exprimer l`information subjective, 2o. Pour exprimer l`insertion situationnelle, 3o. Dans les situations informelles, 4o. Quand il y a une interaction entre les interlocuteurs. Selon les investigations examinees, on peut juger que le variation ON-TU/VOUS est actuellement en cours. Recemment, des etuidants qui habitent a Paris sont en train d`utiliser souvent ON(55.3%) et TU(44.7%) tous les deux. Ainsi, pour que les apprenants puissent utiliser et comprendre l`ON generique et le TU generique exactement dans la langue familiere, les enseignants semblent devoir fournir de ces informations aux apprenants. Les usages actuels des jeunes locuteurs parisiens jouent avec des normes qui, plutot que de faire appel aux prescriptions venues de l`ecole, obeissent aux interpellations de la mode et a des dispositions sociales. Il nous semble qu`il existe une autre affinite entre le tu generique et les aspirations de la jeunesse bobo, attentive tout autant a ? ce qui se fait ? qu`a ce qui se dit. Le savoir structural des routines d`actions se dit, precisement, sur la scene allocutive generique, dans les sequences de proces qu`elle decrit. Ce serait alors une deuxieme bonne raison pour les jeunes locuteurs parisiens d``en faire usage, en se situant a la fois dans la mobilite langagiere, et dans la mobilite des pratiques sociales. Les emplois conversationnels de la 2e personne generique sont encore peu etudies dans le francais parle en France, et ce malgre leur frequence importante, qui semble encore en developpement. Le CFPP2000 presente l`avantage d`offrir souvent des echanges tripartites impliquant la participation conjointe de deux enquetes qui se connaissent bien (liens amicaux ou familiaux). Cette familiarite favorise la spontaneite interpersonnelle entre enquetes, et colore l`ensemble de l`echange : terrain favorable a l`apparition de la 2e personne generique.

녹색소비와 녹색소비자정보에 대한 소비자 인식

김경자(Kyung-ja Kim) 한국생활과학회 2011 한국생활과학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.11

대퇴경부 골절 환자의 입원 생활

김경자(Kyung Ja Kim),지성애(Sung Ai Chi) 한국간호행정학회 1996 간호행정학회지 Vol.2 No.1

입원 환자의 환자안전인식 측정도구 개발 및 타당화

김경자(Kim, Kyung Ja),이은희(Lee, Eun Hee),신선화(Shin, Sun Hwa) 한국성인간호학회 2018 성인간호학회지 Vol.30 No.4

우리나라 소비문화와 소비트렌드 연구의 동향과 전망

김경자 ( Kyung Ja Kim ) 한국소비자학회 2010 소비자학연구 Vol.21 No.2

화상 환자 드레싱 직전에 적용한 향기흡입요법의 불안, 통증 감소 효과

김경자(Kim, Kyung Ja),김지현(Kim, Jihyun),정계선(Jeong, Gye Seon) 기본간호학회 2020 기본간호학회지 Vol.27 No.1

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effect of aroma inhalation therapy with Lavender for burn patients during burn dressings: anxiety, pain, rate of administration of analgesia and vital signs in burn patients. Methods: A quasi experimental design with a nonequivalent control group pretest-post test was used. Participants in this study were 58 burn patients who were admitted to a S city burn treatment center for burn dressing (28 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group) in S city. Data were collected from July 1, to September 30, 2012. The experimental group was provided the lavender inhale therapy (repeated for five breaths) 30 minutes before burn dressing. The data were analyzed using χ² test, Fisher’s exact test and an two sample t-test with SPSS/WIN 22.0. Results: There were significant differences in state anxiety (F=9.08, p=.004), diastolic blood pressure (F=6.57, p=.013), pain VAS (F=18.71, p<.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that lavender inhale therapy is an effective method to reduce anxiety, diastolic blood pressure and pain during burn dressings.

현대 프랑스어 철자법orthographe에 관한 소고 -1990년 철자법 개정안을 중심으로-

김경자 ( Kyung Ja Kim ) 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 2015 교사교육연구 Vol.54 No.3

프랑스어 철자법은 오랜 기간 동안 발음과 철자의 괴리를 줄이면서 합리적이고 간소화된 표기법으로 변화를 거듭해 오고 있다. 1990년의 프랑스어 철자법 개정안은, 1900년의 교육부 최고회의를 통해 시도된 철자 간소화 작업에서부터 시작하여, 근 1세기에 걸쳐 많은 시행착오 끝에 만들어진 결실이라 할 수 있다. 프랑스 정부가 발간하는 <프랑스 관보>에 발표된 이 개정안의 내용은 권고 사항으로서 사용자는 이전의 철자법과 새 개정안의 철자 법에서 선택할 수 있으며 그 주요 내용은 다음과 같다. 1o. contr(e)-와 entr(e)-, extra-, infra-, intra-, ultra-로 된 복합명사는 트레뒤니옹을 삭제하고 두 요소를 결합한다. 2o. 복합수는 체계적으로 트레뒤니옹으로 연결한다. 3o. pese-lettre (동사+명사) 또는 sans-abri (전치사+명사) 유형의 복합명사는 단수형에서는 s를 삭제하고 복수형은 항상 두 번째 요소에만 복수표지를 붙인다. 4o. 차용어는 단수형과 복수형을 프랑스식으로 바꾸어 사용한다. 5o. ceder동사의 동사변화 모델을 따르는 동사는 미래형과 조 건법을 표현하는 데 있어서 악상그라브 대신 악상테귀를 사용한다. 6o. i와 u 위의 악상시르콩플렉스는 발음에 있어그 어떤 영향도 주지 않으므로 삭제한다. 7o. -ua-, -ue-, -ui-의 연속에서 a, e, i 위에 놓이던 트레마는 u 위로 위치를 옮긴다. 8o. -eler나 -eter로 된 동사는 peler나 acheter 와 같이 활용한다. 9o. -olle로 된 단어나 -otter로 된 동사는 자음을 한 번만 쓰기로 한다. 10o. 부정법이 뒤따라오는 laisser동사의 과거분사는 성수를 변화시키지 않는다. 그러나 새 개정안의 철자법은 25년이 지난 오늘날까지 많이 상용화되지 못하고 있는데 그 원인을 사용자의 인식 측면과 언어학적 측면에서 검토하였다. 사용자의 인식 측면에서, 두 철자법이 모두 허용되어 사용자들은새 개정안의 학습에 대한 필요를 크게 느끼지 못했다는 점과 새 개정안에 대한 교사의 낮은 인지도와 활용도로 인하여 학생들이 배울 기회를 많이 갖지 못했다는 점, 그리고 언어적 유산을 보존하고자 하는 프랑스인의 자 국어에 대한 강한 자부심 등이 영향을 준 것으로 보인다. 언어학적 측면에서는 개정으로 인해 어원이 상실될수 있다는 점에서 비롯하여, 여전히 많은 예외와 불합리한 부분이 남아 있다는 인식, 나아가 보다 더 강력한 간소화의 요구 등이 작용하는 것 같다. 2008년부터는 프랑스 교육부에서 새 개정안을 참고자료로 지정하고 학교 교육프로그램에도 포함시켜 새 철자법의 보급에 주력하고 있어 차츰 그 사용이 늘어갈 것으로 예상되므로 향후 한국의 교육에도 새 개정안의 내용을 반영할 필요가 있을 것으로 여겨진다. Modern French orthography has undergone many changes in efforts to reduce the gap between pronunciation and spelling for a long period of time. The 1990 amendments to the orthography of the French language by the French Ministry of Education was the result of nearly a century of trial and errors to streamline operations which first began in 1900. The contents of the amendments the French government approved was published in the Journal Officiel and presented users with the option of using the traditional spelling or the new spelling. However, despite its introduction 25 years ago, the new orthography suggestions in the amendments are still not widely used today. The causes of this lack of change were investigated in this study and are represented in terms of the user``s cognitive and linguistic aspects. In terms of the user``s cognitive aspect, both orthographies were allowed so users did not feel the necessity of learning the new spelling amendments, this coupled with the low awareness on how to utilize the amendments on the part of the teachers did not provide students with many opportunities to learn and take pride for their native language to help preserve the language’s heritage. In linguistic aspects, most French language users were concerned the etymology may be lost because of the revisions, recognition that many exceptions and irrational parts still remained, and furthermore powerful requirement of simplification are seemed to react. Since 2008, the French Ministry of Education has designated the 1990 amendments of orthography of French as the referring resource and to include it in school``s educational programs. In addition, as the French Ministry of Education has focused on the dissemination of new orthography, it is expected to gradually increase its use, therefore, in the future French education in Korea needs to reflect the contents of the new amendments as well.