교맥의 RBL-2H3 비만세포 탈과립과 cytokine 생산 억제 효과

강경화,이승연,Kang, Kyung-Hwa,Lee, Seung-Yeon 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2012 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Objectives : Fagopyrum esculentum(FE) has been used for removal of inflammation of internal organs and treatment of sore and ulcer by heat toxin in Korean herbal medicines. In this study, To investigated the protective effect of FE on allergic response, we determined whether FE inhibits allergic response. Methods : The effect of FE was analyzed by ELISA, RT-PCR and Western blot in RBL-2H3 cells. We investigated cell viability, ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase, as a marker of degranulation, cytokne, and intracellular ROS and MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling. Results : We found that FE suppressed ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release, the production of IL-4 and TNF-${\alpha}$ and intracellular ROS level in RBL-2H3 by the anti-DNP IgE plus DNP-HSA stimulation. FE also significantly inhibited cytokine mRNA expressions, such as IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, TNF-${\alpha}$ and GM-CSF in RBL-2H3. In addition, PF suppressed the phospholyation of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, p38 and $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and NF-${\kappa}B$ signal transduction pathway. Conclusions : Our results indicate that FE protects against allergic response and exerts an anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of degranulation and production of cytokines and ROS via the suppression MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$ of signal transduction. Abbrevations : FE, Fagopyrum esculentum; RBL-2H3, rat basophilic leukemia cell line; ROS, reactive oxygen species; MAPK, Mitogen-activated protein kinase; $NF{\kappa}B$, nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$; $TNF{\alpha}$, Tumor necrosis factor alpha; GM-CSF, Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor; ERK, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase; JNK, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase; p38, p38 MAP kinase; $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$, inhibitory-kappa B alpha.

형상의학적(形象醫學的) 관점(觀点)에서 본 경락이론(經絡理論)의 임상활용(臨床活用)

강경화,송춘호,김형규,이용태,Kang, Kyung-Hwa,Song, Choon-Ho,Kim, Hyung-Gyu,Lee, Yong-Tae 경락경혈학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Objective & Methods : In the point of several medical books included 'Internal Classic' and Hyungsang medicine, the writer studied about meridian theory and it's disorders, after adapting to acupuncture and herb medicine. Results : 1. Dr. Jisan explained concretely physiological and pathological meridian appearances with using metaphor about phenomenons of nature and human living. 2. Shapes corresponding to meridian are considered as Yukkyunghyung formed by more or less of vigor and blood, and by tendency of up and down in eyes and nose, and also contained diseases of viscera and characters. 3. The colors connected with meridian are changed according to conditions, and meridian is seen through colors. And then colors is the properties of vital energy and symbol of spirit, that is expressed as aspect of essence, vigor, spirit and blood, as the original color of five viscera, as the colors of four seasons and as the colors of diseases. So the changes of feelings are appeared to meridian flow. 4. The method of examining pulse for meridian disorders is applied to Jisan diagram. Jisan diagram is devised from mutual communication of viscera and connection with inside and outside. It is conjugated widely in clinical examination to be distinguished into Dam-Bangkwang, into diseased part of viscera and into meridian. Also it is conjugated recuperation of diseases. 5. The meridian diseases are appeared all the distributed parts of meridian, especially skin, hair, eyebrow, and the ends of the extremities which are sensitive to stimulus. The causes are the disharmony between vital energy and blood and the discordance of six atmospheric variation. The symptoms are skinny aches, itching and eruption, etc. Conclusions : The acupuncture of Hyungsang medicine which utilizes classification of shapes, examining pulse according to Jisan diagram and demonstration of symptoms, is very effective and required systematical study from now on.

교맥(蕎麥)의 비만세포 염증매개물질의 분비와 $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ 신호전달에 미치는 효과

강경화,Kang, Kyung-Hwa 대한동의생리학회 2012 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Fagopyrum esculentum(FE) is an important food crop and medicinal plant that is used to improve diabetes, obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and constipation in Korea, but the underlying mechanisms involved in its anti-allergic activity are not fully understood. We investigated the effects on the release of inflammatory mediator and proximal signal events in $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$-mediated RBL-2H3 cell activation. FE reduced antigen (DNP-HSA)-induced release of histamine, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and cysteinyl Leukotriene (cysLT) in IgE-sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. In addition, it inhibited antigen-induced HDC2 and COX-2 and 5-LO mRNA expression in IgE-sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. FE also suppressed antigen-induced $Fc{\varepsilon}RI{\beta}$ and $Fc{\varepsilon}RI{\gamma}$ subunit mRNA expression in these cells. To identify the mechanisms underpinning the inhibition of release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine and PGD2 and cysLT by FE, we examined the proximal signal events of intracellular FceRI signaling molecules. FE suppressed antigen-induced phosphorylation of Lyn, Syk, LAT, $PLC{\gamma}1$, PI3K, Akt and cPLA2. Collectively, the anti-allergic effects of FE in vitro suggest its possible therapeutic application to inflammatory allergic diseases, in which its inhibition of inflammatory mediator and FceRI-dependent signaling events in mast cells may be hugely beneficial.

활동기준원가계산(ABC)을 이용한 간호활동 분석 및 간호서비스 원가분석;일 산부인과 간호단위를 중심으로

강경화,Kang, Kyeong-Hwa 한국간호행정학회 1999 간호행정학회지 Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine a possibility of applying the ABC system to analyze the cost of nursing service on one obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) unit in a major medical center. The activities of nurses on an OB/GYN unit were analyzed for 4 days for 96 hours. 2 week days and 2 days on weekend. Total cases included in the study were activities of 12 charge nurses and 12 staff nurses. Activities were categorized into direct and indirect activities in order to calculate the cost of activities. Nursing activities were defined multidimesionally in order to utilize the ABC system. The 60 nursing activities were classified into the direct nursing activities and the indirect nursing activities based on a literature review, interview, and survey results. The direct activities were further categorized into the single nursing activities and the multiple nursing activities. The indirect activities were classified into the indirect nursing service activities and the general management activities. The major findings of this study were as follows : 1. There were differences in activities according to the positions and duties of the nurses. The charge nurses mostly performed the indirect nursing service activities and the general management activities. Almost all of their indirect nursing activities spent on each patient were similar. The staff nurses performed the single nursing activities and the multiple nursing activities. 2. The activities of staff nurses included medication, patient assessment, rounding and organizing the unit. patient education, nursing treatment, admission and discharging of patients. There was no differences in types and amount of time spent between the nurses on day-time duty and evening-time duty, but the patient assessment activity increased during the night-time. 3. The cost of post partum nursing services for women who had a normal vaginal delivery using the ABC system included the cost incurred by direct nursing activities provided by the staff nurses (85.9%), indirect nursing activities incurred by the staff nurses(19.0%) and the nursing activities by the charge nurses and the head nurse(14.1%). The ABC system is a relatively new method of cost analysis. The results of this study can provide the nursing and hospital managers with useful information on cost control. It is suggested that more studies should be done using the ABC system and extend the scope of studies to include value analysis to aid the Activity-Based Management(ABM) and/or the reengineering of hospital process.

("동의보감"에서 도인 홍화 (桃仁 紅花)를 사용한 처방에 대한 형상의학적 고찰

강경화,이용태,Kang, Kyung-Hwa,Lee, Yong-Tae 대한동의생리학회 2006 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.20 No.6

Following conclusions were drawn from the examination of the usage of semen persicae and fols carthami from the view of Hyungsang Medicine. Semen persicae is used to vitalize the blood flow and eliminate the blood stagnation of the whole body in ${\ulcorner}$Donguibogam${\lrcorner}$, and therefor it is used for the blood flow of the heptal meridian and sometimes the intestinal meridian. Flos carthami is applied to vitalize the blood flow, remove obstructions in meridians, eliminate the blood stagnations, and stop the pain in ${\ulcorner}$Donguibogam${\lrcorner}$, therefore used in such symptoms of blood flow of the heptal meridian as amenorrhea, spasm of muscles, and coldness of the genitals. Also is applied in those cases of exhaustion, perspiration, and in digestive remedies which belong to the symptoms of cardiac blood flow. And it is used for dryness of the skin in which case the blood should be developed and malaria for the elimination of the blood stagnation and production of new blood. The combination of semen persicae and flos carthami is applied to eliminate the blood stagnation and stimulate menstrual discharge in uterus, as well as in the cases of lumbago and stomachache due to blood stagnation, blood stasis, mass in the abdomen, and abdominal distention. This combination is also used for the eyes, ears, numbness, and paralysis of hands and feet for the purpose of making the flow of the meridian smooth, and for diabetes, dryness of the skin, malaria, anal itching and pain for the purpose of eliminating the mass and renewing the tissues. The combination is diversly used in the book of ${\ulcorner}$Special lectures on clinical cases${\lrcorner}$ for the aftereffects of traffic accident, constipation, diabetes, dryness of the skin, paralysis of hands and feet, numbness of finger of hand and foot, and especially used frequently with prescription of Yijintang and Samultang combined in the cases of numbness. The prescription is used in Hyungsang medicine when the uterus, the external appearance(axis), hands and feet, heart, and the stomach is not good for the vitalization of the flow of the 12 meridians. It was though difficult to find extinguishing differences between the two herbs in the clinical cases applied in the book of ${\ulcorner}$Special lectures on clinical cases${\lrcorner}$.

영지(靈芝) 약침(藥鍼)과 영지(靈芝) 추출액의 항알레르기 효과에 대한 연구

강경화,윤현민,Kang, Kyung-Hwa,Youn, Hyoun-Min 대한약침학회 2007 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.10 No.3

Objectives We studied on anti-allergic effects of Ganoderma lucidum herbal acupuncture(GHA) and Ganoderma lucidum extract(GE). Methods In vivo, Animals were herbal-acupunctured GHA at both B13s three times for 5 days. Then, we investigated compound 48/80-induced active systemic anaphylatic shock using ICR mice and anti-DNP IgE-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis using Sprague Dawley rat. In vitro, we measured cell viability, b-hexosaminidase release, IL-4 and TNF-a from RBL-2H3 cells, and nitric oxide from Raw264.7 cell after treatment of GE of various concentrations. Results In vivo, GHA pretreatments at both B13s inhibited compound 48/80-induced active systemic anaphylatic shock. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis were inhibited by GHA10 and OP. In vitro, $0.1\;{\sim}\;2%$ GE treatments were not affect on cell viability and inhibited b-hexosaminidase release, IL-4, TNF-a and nitric oxide. Conclusions These results suggest that GHA and GE may be beneficial in the inhibition of allergic inflammatory response.

形狀鍼法 硏究

강경화(Kyung Hwa Kang),김경철(Kyung Chul Kim),백근기(Geun Gi Baik),이용태(Yong Tae Lee) 한의병리학회 2003 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.17 No.5

卵巢切除에 의한 血淸, 尿糖 및 肝 insulin receptor-β의 變化

강경화(Kyeong Hwa Kang),김경철(Kyeong Cheol Kim),최병태(Bueong Tae Choi),이용태(Yong Tae Lee) 한의병리학회 2001 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.15 No.2

五積散의 形象醫學的 고찰

강경화(Kyung Hwa Kang),강유식(You Shik Kang),이용태(Yong Tae Lee) 한의병리학회 2004 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.18 No.2

웹 기반 플랫폼을 활용한 고위험음주 예방 및 치료 개입 체계 구축

강경화(Kyonghwa Kang),이해국(Hae Kook Lee),조근호(Keun Ho Joe),전종설(JongSerl Chun),박신구(Shin Goo Park),조선진(Sun-Jin Jo),이보혜(Bo-Hye Lee),이수비(Soo-Bi Lee) 한국중독정신의학회 2016 중독정신의학 Vol.20 No.2

Misuse of alcohol can have major healthcare cost. However, problem drinkers without seeking treatment is a challenging issue. To address this problem, this study aimed to develop a web-based alcoholism prevention program based on scientific literature provide preventive intervention for high-risk drinkers in a timely manner. Based on previous literature, it was found that alcoholism prevention intervention program was success-fully delivered on the Internet. In addition, a reduction in alcohol consumption was noted as the potential effect of web-based intervention in many studies. The program development pro-cess included adult over 19 years to draw a motivation for drink-ing behavior change. It was created using the following step-by-step modules : 1) assessments for overall drinking behavior and motivation level, 2) normative and objective feedbacks based on users responses and 3) planning for drinking behavior change. Participants reported that changes in the level of awareness on problem drinking and drinking behavior were significant. How-ever, they pointed out the need of having a practicable strategy for behavioral changes. More improvement is warranted to ful-ly addressing users’ needs.