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아프리카 역사학과 구전역사 : '말하는 북(talking drum)'을 통한 역사전승
김광수 한국아프리카학회 2012 한국아프리카학회지 Vol.35 No.-
Africans passed down their history not only through oral history but also through instruments and sounds. 'Talking drums', or 'drum languages', refer to the unique tradition of passing down their history using drums, not speech. This is the representative of Africa's oral traditions (orality). The talking drum is an hourglass-shaped drum from West Africa, whose pitch can be regulated to mimic the tone and prosody of human speech. Africa's talking drum uses tonal language that utilizes tone. The Big Drum language of the Lokele tribe from the Democratic Republic of Congo, Buganda kingdom of Uganda, Asanti kingdom of Ghana, and the Mossi tribe of Burkina Faso have played an integral part in passing down history. The talking drum is a prime example of Africa's oral traditions (orality) and oral history that represents African identity. Throughout the years, the talking drum has been a part of African society's 'cultural principle and force' despite the contact with outside societies. This shows that oral traditions (orality) play a big role amongst Africans and within African society to this day, and will continue to do so in the future.
철 기술 전파로 본 사하라 무역로의 역할과 지중해와 서아프리카 수단 지역 문명의 교류
김광수 부산외국어대학교 지중해지역원 2019 지중해지역연구 Vol.21 No.4
Although recorded data and archaeological excavations are not sufficient, the West African Sudanese region had early contacts with the Mediterranean, North African, and Sahara deserts through Greek, Latin, Arabic historical records and ancient Saharan rock art. In addition, access to camels made it possible for the Sahara trade routes to develop and for the three civilizations to develop exchange. The iron technology that was introduced into the Mediterranean and North Africa appears to have been transmitted through the Trans- Saharan trade routes to the Western Sudan. The Phoenicians brought iron knowledge to North Africa, especially to today’s Tunisia and Libya, passing through Carthage the “passage of knowledge” crossing over the Sahara Desert to the Western Sudan.Those who brought iron technology to the Western Sudan region were the Garamantes and Berbers who traveled through the Trans-Saharan Trade Route. They were able to deliver iron technology since the Trans-Saharan trade routes connected the Mediterranean, North Africa and Western Sudan regions. These areas were not isolated but were connected and carrying out exchanges. Hence, this paper refutes the argument that claims ‘Africa has no history’ or ‘African history is excluded from the center of world history.’ It also seeks to identify from the Afrocentrism perspective that the North African and Western Sudan civilization were not on the periphery of the Mediterranean civilization and they should be duly evaluated as an African civilization and even as a part of world civilization.