내시경적 점막절제술로 치험한 식도 과립상 세포종 1례

강혁주,김성욱,최석진,이중현,장재식,서영범,윤병구,박건욱,김성자,김용섭,강승완,이구,양창헌,이창우,김욱년,이광헌,서정일 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

과립상 세포종은 Schwann 세포 기원으로 생각되며 인체에 비교적 드물게 발생한다. 과립상 세포종은 전신 어느 곳에서나 발견될 수 있으나 주로 혀, 구강, 피부 혹은 유방 등에서 호발하며 드물게 위장관에서 발견된다. 위장관에서는 식도에서 가장 호발하며 다음으로 위, 대장 순이다. 과립상 세포종은 대부분, 특히 위장관에서는 양성이며 소수의 악성 병변이 보고되었다. 이러한 이유와 함께 수술 전의 진단이 어렵기 때문에 과립상 세포종에 대한 근본적인 치료는 현재까지 외과적 절제술이다. 최근에 시도되는 치료방법들로는 내시경적 레이저 치료, 용종절제술, 내시경적 점막 절제술 등이 있다. 저자들은 상부 소화관 내시경검사를 시행하여 식도 과립상 세포종을 진단하고 내시경적 점막 절제술을 시행하여 합병증 없이 퇴원하여 현재 재발없이 경과 관찰중인 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Granular cell tumors, which occur infrequently, are probably of Schwann cell origin. They can occur almost anywhere in the body but usually affect the tongue, oral cavity, skin, or breasts and are rarely found in the gastrointestinal tracts. The esophagus is the most frequent gastrointestinal site, followed by the stomach and the colon. Granular cell tumors are generally benign, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, some malignant lesions have been reported. For this reason, and also because preoperative diagnosis is difficult, the standard treatment for granular cell tumor has until now been surgical excision. In recent years, other therapeutic methods is endoscopic laser therapy (ELT), polypectiomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). We report a case of esophageal granular cell tumor which was diagnosed by an endoscopy and managed using an endoscopic mucosal resection without complication.

Lead Article : Financial Disintermediation and Its Implications for Korean Banks' Interest Rate Risks

(Suk Heun Yoon) 한국금융연구원 1996 Korean Financial Review(종간) Vol.6 No.2

Loan Rate Deregulation and Credit Market Signalling Equilibrium

Suk Heun Yoon,Tae H. Park 서울대학교 경제연구소 1999 Seoul journal of economics Vol.12 No.3

In many developing nations, one of the regulations being phased out is the requirement that banks apply a common loan rate to all borrowers. Abolishing such a requirement allows banks to charge risk-adjusted loan rates based on borrowers' credit qualities. To better understand the economic consequences of loan rate deregulation, this paper analyzes its effects on aggregate credit supply and social welfare. We show that in the full information scenario when banks fully observe individual borrowers' credit qualities, both aggregate credit supply and social welfare increase with the deregulation. In the asymmetric information scenario when banks do not observe them, on the other hand, aggregate credit supply is likely to increase but the effect on social welfare is in general ambiguous. The reason why aggregate credit supply is likely to increase is because, in order to credibly signal their true credit qualities to banks, higher credit quality borrowers demand more than what they'd have demanded at the common loan rate. Due to this over-investment possibility, social welfare could decrease.

IDP Rule under Incentive Compatible Regulations : Capital Adequacy Requirement and Risk-Based Deposit Insurance Premium

Suk Heun Yoon,Rae Soo Park 한국전문경영인학회 2016 한국전문경영인학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.07

This paper proposes a model to analyze an incentive compatible regulation of capital adequacy requirement ratio and a risk-based deposit insurance premium for banks in a competitive financial market where information asymmetry resides. In this paper, there will be an examination of the effects of the change of allotment rules of the remaining assets of insolvent banks to depositors, creditors and shareholders on national tax revenue, stock value of banks, and an incentive compatible regulation. The results from our analysis are as follows: First, the incentive compatible combination of regulation was identified to be present in both PRS (the pro-rata sharing) and IDP (insured deposit preference) rules. The request demanding the gradually increasing capital adequacy requirement ratio of banks was revealed by following the order of highly probable successful loan portfolios from the baseline of mandatory minimum capital adequacy requirement ratio. Second, in the case of an institutional change from a PRS rule to an IDP rule where there exist an incentive compatible regulation, the average risk of a bank loan was found to be increasing along with the expansion of loans out to bad enterprises with high credit risk, such as small- and medium-sized corporations. Third, it was found that there could not be a consistent determination of the stock price of the overall banking business and the fluctuation of governmental tax revenue. However, through the numerical example analysis, it was identified that the stock value of banks would be decreased by the diminished used of marketable debt financing resulting from the increase of capital adequacy requirement ratio imposed on the banks realized by the institutional transition.

IDP Rule under Incentive Compatible Regulations : Capital Adequacy Requirement and Risk-Based Deposit Insurance Premium

Suk Heun Yoon,Rae Soo Park 동중앙아시아경상학회 2016 한몽경상학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.07

This paper proposes a model to analyze an incentive compatible regulation of capital adequacy requirement ratio and a risk-based deposit insurance premium for banks in a competitive financial market where information asymmetry resides. In this paper, there will be an examination of the effects of the change of allotment rules of the remaining assets of insolvent banks to depositors, creditors and shareholders on national tax revenue, stock value of banks, and an incentive compatible regulation. The results from our analysis are as follows: First, the incentive compatible combination of regulation was identified to be present in both PRS (the pro-rata sharing) and IDP (insured deposit preference) rules. The request demanding the gradually increasing capital adequacy requirement ratio of banks was revealed by following the order of highly probable successful loan portfolios from the baseline of mandatory minimum capital adequacy requirement ratio. Second, in the case of an institutional change from a PRS rule to an IDP rule where there exist an incentive compatible regulation, the average risk of a bank loan was found to be increasing along with the expansion of loans out to bad enterprises with high credit risk, such as small- and medium-sized corporations. Third, it was found that there could not be a consistent determination of the stock price of the overall banking business and the fluctuation of governmental tax revenue. However, through the numerical example analysis, it was identified that the stock value of banks would be decreased by the diminished used of marketable debt financing resulting from the increase of capital adequacy requirement ratio imposed on the banks realized by the institutional transition.

A Survey of Studies on Financial Intermediation in Korea

Suk Heun Yoon,Rae Soo Park 한국재무학회 2014 財務硏究 Vol.27 No.2

Roundtable Discussion

( Suk Heun Yoon ),( Robert A. Mundell ),( Randall Kroszner ),( Xavier Freixas ),( Douglas Gale ),( Hun Suk Rhee ) 한국금융연구원 2012 금융리포트 Vol.2012 No.2

KIF Studies in Financial & Monetary Issues ( 96 -'98 ) : Financial Disintermediation and its Implications for Korean Banks ' Interest Rate Risks

(Suk Heun Yoon) 한국금융연구원 1998 기타보고서 Vol.1998 No.-

Korean Financial Sector in the Post-Crisis Era: Vision and Policy Issues

( Suk Heun Yoon ) 한국금융연구원 2012 금융리포트 Vol.2012 No.2

While the global financial sector is undergoing reforms of regulation and supervision for an improved financial system in the future, some areas in the Korean financial sector seem to be moving in the opposite direction. This is largely because the existing level of regulation is regarded as being very high compared with that of the developed countries. As a consequence, it is likely that directional discrepancies invite sudden movements of foreign capital in and out of the country possibly giving rise to tremendous shocks such as experienced during 2008-2009. In order to properly evaluate the situation and hence provide balanced policy recommendations, we set "back to basics" as a vision of the Korean financial sector in the post-crisis era in this paper. Two associated policy issues are discussed. First, the government should no longer try to manufacture finance for the purpose of achieving some policy goals, say economic growth. It should instead help finance find its own self-sustaining growth path. In this regard, the policy makers must weigh carefully the benefits and costs as manufacturing finance could possibly result in moral hazard on the part of economic agents and systemic risk. Second, while Korea needs advanced capital markets that are believed to help achieve sustainable growth of the economy, introducing hedge funds must be carefully administered. This is because it could cause some herd behavior on the part of a small number of wealthier investors possibly giving rise to systemic risk. Strengthening supervisory capabilities is desired.

Korean Financial Sector in the Post-Crisis Era: Vision and Policy Issues

( Suk Heun Yoon ) 한국금융연구원 2013 금융연구 working paper Vol.2013 No.8

While the global financial sector is strengthening regulation and supervision for an improved financial system, it seems necessary for the Korean financial sector to move towards more deregulation, less government intervention, but more effective supervision. This is because the existing level of financial regulation in Korea is very high relative to that in most other developed countries. In this paper, I set “back to basics” as a vision for the Korea`s financial sector in the post-crisis era. I then discuss related policy issues that are believed to be important for achieving sustainable growth of the Korean economy moving forward. First, more deregulation and less government intervention should be in place. In particular, the government should stop intervening in the markets so that civilian participation can be maximized. The govern-ment should instead concentrate on rule settings on the basis of which the financial sector can creatively provide financial intermediation ser-vices needed. Second, financial institutions should provide intermediation services necessary for achieving sustainable growth of the Korean economy. Long-term annuities and savings accounts should be offered to the aging people that would channel their long-term funds to entrepre-neurial activities by ventures and SMEs. Third, while Korea appears to be in need of help from capital markets in achieving sustainable growth, their development has not been satisfactory. For this the government should abolish unnecessary regulations, encourage competition in the markets, and improve finan-cial infrastructure. Finally, reforms of the financial supervisory structures are necessary. The new supervisory structures should be free from political and government influences, let alone industry captures. They should also be capable of effective macroprudential supervision and consumer protection.