Delayed bilateral facet dislocation at L4-5 : A case report

Park, Hyung-Youl,Ha, Kee-Yong,Kim, Young-Hoon,Kim, Sang-Il,Min, Hyung-Ki,Oh, In-Soo,Seo, Jun-Yeong,Chang, Dong-Gune,Alhazmi, Mohammed Ali,Cho, Joon-Hyung Williams & Wilkins Co 2018 Medicine Vol.97 No.38

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Rationale:</B></P><P>Traumatic bilateral facet dislocation in the lumbar (L) spine has rarely been reported. All reported cases were presented with acute facet dislocation. However, we present the first case of delayed bilateral facet dislocation at L4-5.</P><P><B>Patient concerns:</B></P><P>A 34-year-old woman presented with back pain after a head-on collision. The patient was treated conservatively for 3 months with rigid orthosis and activity restriction. Even after this conservative treatment, she continued to suffer from persistent back pain that radiated down her left leg and a progressively kyphotic posture.</P><P><B>Diagnoses:</B></P><P>Initial imaging studies revealed a fracture of the left L5 superior articular process with a posterior ligament complex (PLC) injury. Subsequent radiographs showed the locked facet dislocation with kyphotic changes.</P><P><B>Interventions:</B></P><P>The patient underwent surgical reduction and fusion, and the operative findings revealed the L4-5 bilateral facet dislocation and rupture of the PLC at the index level.</P><P><B>Outcomes:</B></P><P>After surgical reduction and fusion at L4-5 by posterior interbody fusion, we achieved a satisfactory clinical outcome.</P><P><B>Lessons:</B></P><P>Injury of the PLC in the lower lumbar region deserves careful attention for the development of sequelae. The anatomic transition from lordosis to kyphosis, in the lumbosacral region may be related to this type of injury.</P>

Nutrikinetics of Isoflavone Metabolites After Fermented Soybean Product (Cheonggukjang) Ingestion in Ovariectomized Mice

Lee, Da‐,Hye,Kim, Min Jung,Ahn, Jiyun,Lee, Sang Hee,Lee, Hyunjung,Kim, Jin Hee,Park, So‐,Hyun,Jang, Young‐,Jin,Ha, Tae‐,Youl,Jung, Chang Hwa John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017 Molecular Nutrition & Food Research (Print) Vol.61 No.12

<P><B>Scope</B></P><P>Cheonggukjang (CGJ) is a soybean‐based quick‐fermented food popular in Korea that contains a variety of biologically active compounds including isoflavones and saponins. Isoflavone bioavailability may be important for the bone health of postmenopausal women; therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of fermentation on the isoflavone metabolite nutrikinetic profile after single dose CGJ or unfermented soybean administration in ovariectomized (OVX) and sham mice.</P><P><B>Methods and results</B></P><P>We identify 34 isoflavone metabolites using UPLC–QTOF‐MS and analyze their nutrikinetics at different time points (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h) to understand their fermentation‐ and OVX‐mediated time‐dependent concentration changes. Nutrikinetics analysis shows that genistein, daidzein, genistein 4′‐sulfate, dihydrodaidzein sulfate, equol 4′‐sulfate, and equol‐7‐glucuronide are present at high concentrations in all groups based on area‐under‐the‐curve analysis. OVX mice appear to show lower isoflavone bioavailability than mice in the sham group. CGJ enhances various isoflavone metabolite bioavailability including genistein, 3‐hydroxygenistein, and equol 7‐glucuronide, compared to the unfermented soybean‐treated group. Among these metabolites, intact isoflavones, 3‐hydroxygenistein, genistein 4′‐sulfate, and equol 7‐glucuronide promote osteoblastogenesis and inhibit osteoclast formation.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>CGJ has good isoflavone bioavailability and may be beneficial for the bone health of postmenopausal women.</P>

Korean physician prescription patterns for home oxygen therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

( Youlim Kim ),( Hwan Il Kim ),( Ji Young Park ),( Ji Young Hong ),( Joo-hee Kim ),( Kyung Hoon Min ),( Chin Kook Rhee ),( Sunghoon Park ),( Chang Youl Lee ),( Seong Yong Lim ),( Seung Hun Jang ),( Yo 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.1

Background/Aims: Hypoxemia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) leads to reduced ability to exercise, decreased quality of life, and, eventually, increased mortality. Home oxygen therapy in patients with severe COPD reduces distress symptoms and mortality rates. However, there have been few studies on physicians’ prescription behavior toward home oxygen therapy. Therefore, we investigated the respiratory specialists’ perspective on home oxygen therapy. Methods: In this cross-sectional, study, a questionnaire was completed by 30 pulmonary specialists who worked in tertiary hospitals and prescribed home oxygen therapy. The questionnaire consisted of 28 items, including 15 items on oxygen prescription for outpatients, four for inpatients, and nine on service improvement. Results: All physicians were prescribing less than 2 L/min of oxygen for either 24 (n = 10, 33.3%) or 15 hours (n = 9, 30.3%). All (n = 30) used pulse oximetry, 26 (86.7%) analyzed arterial blood gas. Thirteen physicians had imposed restrictions and recommended oxygen use only during exercise or sleep. Sixteen (53.3%) physicians were educating their patients about home oxygen therapy. Furthermore, physicians prescribed home oxygen to patients that did not fit the typical criteria for long-term oxygen therapy, with 30 prescribing it for acute relief and 17 for patients with borderline hypoxemia. Conclusions: This study identified the prescription pattern of home oxygen therapy in Korea. Respiratory physicians prescribe home oxygen therapy to hypoxemic COPD patients for at least 15 hours/day, and at a rate of less than 2 L/ min. More research is needed to provide evidence for establishing policies on oxygen therapy in COPD patients.

Clinical significance of insulin-Like growth factor-1 receptor expression in stage 1 non-small-cell Lung cancer: immunohistochemical analysis

( Chang Youl Lee ),( Jeong Hee Jeon ),( Hyung Jung Kim ),( Dong Hwan Shin ),( Tae Woong Roh ),( Chul Min Ahn ),( Yoon Soo Chang ) 대한내과학회 2008 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.23 No.3

Background/Aims: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been implicated in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. However, reports on the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) based on radioimmunoassays are conflicting, and its prognostic implications in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still controversial. Methods: Seventy-one paraffin-embedded tissue sections from stage I NSCLC patients were stained using a mouse monoclonal antibody against human IGF-1R. Results: The intensity and frequency of IGF-1R expression on the membrane and cytoplasm of cancer cells was evaluated and scored using a semiquantitative system. IGF-1R expression was detected in nine of 71 (12.7%) cases. No significant relationship was found between clinical/histopathological parameters and IGF-1R expression. None of the patients whose tumor expressed IGF-1R had experienced distant metastasis or cancer-related death, although the difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: We conclude that IGF-1R expression may not be a major prognostic factor for stage I NSCLC.

In Vivo Assessment of Cosmetics and Developing Methods

( Min Youl Chang ),( Sang Wha Lee ) 한국피부장벽학회 2013 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Aged skin is characterized by a number of different signs, such as, wrinkles, dull skin, low skin elasticity, etc. Cosmetics are generally used to reduce such aging signs for healthy and beautiful skin. In order to properly express the functions of cosmetic products, objective evaluation methods must be established. Korea Food & Drug Administration regulates such laws regarding the efficacy of functional cosmetics (anti-wrinkle, skin whitening, SPF) and their proper expressions in advertisement. Recently, non-invasive imaging techniques have drawn great attention from researchers developing more objective evaluating methods. These methods include, in vivo confocal microscopy, multi-photon tomography, OCT, etc. Utilizing these advanced tools, our goal is to establish a more objective method for evaluating both the skin surface and inner skin.

The impact of short-term acute heat stress on the rumen microbiome of Hanwoo steers

( Youl Chang Baek ),( Hyuck Choi ),( Jinyoung Jeong ),( Sung Dae Lee ),( Min Ji Kim ),( Seul Lee ),( Sang Yun Ji ),( Minseok Kim ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2020 한국축산학회지 Vol.62 No.2

Heat stress negatively affects cattle productivity by reducing feed intake. In the present study, we assessed if the rumen microbiome composition of Hanwoo steers was altered by exposure to heat stress. Rumen samples were collected from four Hanwoo steers that were individually housed in climate-controlled chambers with 60% humidity and environmental temperatures of: 1) 15℃ (0-day group), 2) 35℃ for 3 days (3-day group), and 3) 35℃ for 6 days (6-day group). The total community DNA of samples was extracted, and 997,843 bacterial and 1,508,770 archaeal sequences were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Assessment of the relative abundances revealed 15 major phyla of which Bacteroidetes was found to be the most dominant. After 3 days of heat stress exposure there were no significant changes in the rumen microbiome composition, except for a decrease in the Planctomycetes. However, after 6 days of heat stress exposure, we found that the relative abundance of fibrolytic Ruminococcaceae had decreased while that of lactate-producing Lactobacillaceae and amylolytic Prevotella and Ruminobacter had increased. The normal rumen microbiome of Hanwoo cattle was shown to be disrupted after 6 days of heat stress, which led to the decrease in fibrolytic bacteria that are sensitive to low pH and the increase in both lactate-producing and amylolytic bacteria. We have demonstrated that the microbiome composition of the rumen is affected by acute heat stress. Our findings may contribute to the development of different feeding strategies to restore heat stress-induced disruption of the rumen microbiome

Association of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 G972R Variant with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Risk

( Chang Youl Lee ),( Chul Min Ahn ),( Jeong Hee Jeon ),( Hyung Jung Kim ),( Se Kyu Kim ),( Joon Chang ),( Sung Kyu Kim ),( Yoon Soo Chang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.1

Background: The insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is the primary docking molecule for the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR), and is required for activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3`-kinase (PI3K) pathway. IRS-1 activation of the (PI3K) pathway regulates IGF-mediated survival, enhancement of cellular motility and apoptosis. Therefore, we attempted to ascertain whether IRS-1 genetic variations affect an individual`s risk for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Two-hundred and eighteen subjects, either diagnosed with NSCLC or control subjects, were matched by age, gender and smoking status. Genomic DNA from each subject was amplified by PCR and analyzed according to the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) profile to detect the IRS-1 G972R polymorphism. Results: The frequencies of each polymorphic variation, in the control population, were as follows: GG=103 (94.5%) and GR=6 (5.5%); for the NSCLC subjects, the genotypic frequencies were as follows: GG=106 (97.2%) and GR=3 (2.8%). We could not demonstrate statistically significant differences in the genotypic distribution between the NSCLC and the control subjects (p=0.499, Fisher`s Exact test). The relative risk of NSCLC, associated with the IRS-1 G972R polymorphic variation, was 1.028 (95% CI; 0.63∼9.90). In addition, we found no differences between polymorphic variants with regard to the histological subtype of NSCLC. Conclusion: We did not observe any noteworthy differences in the frequency of the IRS-1 G972R polymorphism in NSCLC patients, compared to control subjects. These results suggest suggesting that, in our study population, the IRS-1 G972R polymorphism does may not appear to be associated with an increased risk of NSCLC.

Clinical significance of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor expression in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer: immunohistochemical analysis

Lee, Chang Youl,Jeon, Jeong Hee,Kim, Hyung Jung,Shin, Dong Hwan,Roh, Tae Woong,Ahn, Chul Min,Chang, Yoon Soo The Korean Association of Internal Medicine 2008 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.23 No.3

<P><B>Background/Aims</B></P><P>The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been implicated in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. However, reports on the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) based on radioimmunoassays are conflicting, and its prognostic implications in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still controversial.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Seventy-one paraffin-embedded tissue sections from stage I NSCLC patients were stained using a mouse monoclonal antibody against human IGF-1R.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The intensity and frequency of IGF-1R expression on the membrane and cytoplasm of cancer cells was evaluated and scored using a semiquantitative system. IGF-1R expression was detected in nine of 71 (12.7%) cases. No significant relationship was found between clinical/histopathological parameters and IGF-1R expression. None of the patients whose tumor expressed IGF-1R had experienced distant metastasis or cancer-related death, although the difference did not reach statistical significance.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>We conclude that IGF-1R expression may not be a major prognostic factor for stage I NSCLC.</P>

Association of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 G972R Variant with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Risk

Lee, Chang Youl,Ahn, Chul Min,Jeon, Jeong Hee,Kim, Hyung Jung,Kim, Se Kyu,Chang, Joon,Kim, Sung Kyu,Chang, Yoon Soo The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.1

Background: The insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is the primary docking molecule for the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR), and is required for activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) pathway. IRS-1 activation of the (PI3K) pathway regulates IGF-mediated survival, enhancement of cellular motility and apoptosis. Therefore, we attempted to ascertain whether IRS-1 genetic variations affect an individual's risk for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Two-hundred and eighteen subjects, either diagnosed with NSCLC or control subjects, were matched by age, gender and smoking status. Genomic DNA from each subject was amplified by PCR and analyzed according to the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) profile to detect the IRS-1 G972R polymorphism. Results: The frequencies of each polymorphic variation, in the control population, were as follows: GG=103 (94.5%) and GR=6 (5.5%); for the NSCLC subjects, the genotypic frequencies were as follows: GG=106 (97.2%) and GR=3 (2.8%). We could not demonstrate statistically significant differences in the genotypic distribution between the NSCLC and the control subjects (p=0.499, Fisher's Exact test). The relative risk of NSCLC, associated with the IRS-1 G972R polymorphic variation, was 1.028 (95% CI; 0.63~9.90). In addition, we found no differences between polymorphic variants with regard to the histological subtype of NSCLC. Conclusion: We did not observe any noteworthy differences in the frequency of the IRS-1 G972R polymorphism in NSCLC patients, compared to control subjects. These results suggest suggesting that, in our study population, the IRS-1 G972R polymorphism does may not appear to be associated with an increased risk of NSCLC.

Environmental circumstance and the skin-dry circumstance and the skin

장민열 ( Min Youl Chang ),한종섭 ( Jong Sub Han ),이천구 ( Cheon Koo Lee ) 한국피부장벽학회 2008 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.10 No.1

The most important role of the skin is to protect the living system, including the water-rich internal organs, form the environment. Seasonal changes affect the condition of normal skin and may trigger various cutaneous disorders. The skin is always affected by a lot of environmental circumstances, which are low humidity, sun, wind, temperature, air pollution, and many detergents. The skin keeps the water content of the skin by epidermal homeostasis. In this article, we described how the skin adapts against the dry circumstance. When the skin is exposed to low humidity, epidermal proliferative and inflammatory responses occur within the first periods, and then adaptations to the environment, such as decrease of the transepidermal water loss(TEWL) and increase of barrier recovery, start within approximately 7 days.