고대와 고려 목탑지의 비교 연구 = A Comparative Study on the Wooden Pagoda Sites of the Ancient Period and the Goryeo Period

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Wooden pagodas, a form of symbolic Buddhist architecture, represent the level of civil engineering and construction of the time. This paper attempts to compare the characteristics of wooden pagoda sites dating to the ancient period (prior to the Goryeo period) and the Goryeo period, based on detailed observation and analysis.
Goguryeo temples equipped with a wooden pagoda were located, without exception, on flatland and many Baekje and Silla temples were also situated on flatland locations. Wooden pagoda sites have been also reported on flatland, rather than hilly land, locations. While all Goguryeo temples have an arrangement pattern consisting of a single pagoda and three main halls, most of Baekje temples consist of a single pagoda and a single main hall. Buddhist temples of the Unified Silla period equipped with wooden pagodas, as with those equipped with stone pagodas, evidence a dual pagoda and main hall arrangement. As Goryeo temples equipped with a wooden pagoda mostly demonstrate a single pagoda and single main hall arrangement, it is possible consider that there was some influence from Baekje temples.
The base structure of the wooden pagodas have been found to be either octagonal or square in floor plan. With the exception of a few cases with octagon-shaped base structures, the majority of pagodas reported from Goguryeo, Silla, and Goryeo temple sites had square-shaped base structures.
As the methods of preparing the pagoda platforms varied from temple to temple, it is difficult to clearly distinguish the characteristics of each country.
During the ancient period, the main foundation of the wooden pagoda was largely prepared under the ground; it is only in a few cases that above-ground foundations were used. A similar pattern can also be observed for the Goryeo period.

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