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Ping Wang,Bing Li,Yu-Ting Pan,Yun-Zhao Zhang,De-Wei Li,Lin Huang 한국식물병리학회 2020 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.36 No.5
The ascomycete fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides infects a wide range of plant hosts and causes enormous economic losses in the world. The transcription factors (TFs) play an important role in development and pathogenicity of many organisms. In this study, we found that the C2H2 TF CgCrzA is localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus under standard condition, and it translocated from cytoplasm to nucleus in a calcineurin- dependent manner. Moreover, the ΔCgCrzA was hypersensitive to cell wall perturbing agents and showed severe cell wall integrity defects. Deletion of the CgCRZA inhibited the development of invasive structures and lost pathogenicity to plant hosts. Our results suggested that calcineurin-responsive TF CgCrzA was not only involved in regulating cell wall integrity, but also in morphogenesis and virulence in C. gloeosporioides.
Ping Yang,Jiling Zhao,Lin Li 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.4
During tunnelling, with the progression of the shield tunnelling machine, the shield tail brush, which is an important accessory required to seal the shield tail and prevent the tunnel from ground water or grouting fluid discharging, will gradually be worn-out/damaged and inevitably lead to safety problems. As a result, problematic tail brush needs to be replaced to prevent more serious problems from happening before any further tunnelling. The replacement of this shield tail brush can be very risky, especially when the shield tunnelling machine is located at a soil layer under high pore-water pressure. This study introduces an engineering practice to facilitate the shield tail brush replacement under high pore-water pressure through the development of a frozen soil wall with the help of an artificial freezing technique using liquid nitrogen. A case study is adopted to demonstrate the implementation of this technique. For the specific site condition, a numerical simulation is usually performed first to determine the design parameters (e.g., liquid nitrogen temperature, length and spacing of the freezing pipes) required for artificial freezing process. Several holes along the radial direction of the tunnel were then made to monitor the temperature of the soil around the tunnel. Subsequently, the artificial freezing process was performed according to the design. The replacement of the tail brush was initiated when the frozen soil wall developed during freezing met the requirements for tail brush replacement. The artificial freezing technique using liquid nitrogen proved to be a reliable and time-effective option to facilitate the tail brush replacement under high pore-water pressure.
Rhizospheric fungi of Panax notoginseng: diversity and antagonism to host phytopathogens
Cui-Ping Miao,Qi-Li Mi,Xin-Guo Qiao,You-Kun Zheng,You-Wei Chen,Li-Hua Xu,Hui-Lin Guan,Li-Xing Zhao 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.2
Background: Rhizospheric fungi play an essential role in the plantesoil ecosystem, affecting plant growth and health. In this study, we evaluated the fungal diversity in the rhizosphere soil of 2-yr-old healthy Panax notoginseng cultivated in Wenshan, China. Methods: Culture-independent Illumina MiSeq and culture-dependent techniques, combining molecular and morphological characteristics, were used to analyze the rhizospheric fungal diversity. A diffusion test was used to challenge the phytopathogens of P. notoginseng. Results: A total of 16,130 paired-end reads of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 were generated and clustered into 860 operational taxonomic units at 97% sequence similarity. All the operational taxonomic units were assigned to five phyla and 79 genera. Zygomycota (46.2%) and Ascomycota (37.8%) were the dominant taxa; Mortierella and unclassified Mortierellales accounted for a large proportion (44.9%) at genus level. The relative abundance of Fusarium and Phoma sequenceswas high, accounting for 12.9% and 5.5%, respectively. In total,113 fungal isolates were isolated from rhizosphere soil. They were assigned to five classes, eight orders (except for an Incertae sedis), 26 genera, and 43 species based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer. Fusarium was the most isolated genus with six species (24 isolates, 21.2%). The abundance of Phoma was also relatively high (8.0%). Thirteen isolates displayed antimicrobial activity against at least one test fungus. Conclusion: Our results suggest that diverse fungi including potential pathogenic ones exist in the rhizosphere soil of 2-yr-old P. notoginseng and that antagonistic isolates may be useful for biological control of pathogens.
Song-Lin Hu,Jin-Liang Liu,Zhao-Ping Du 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2011 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.9 No.6
This paper is concerned with the stabilization problem of discrete-time networked control systems with partly known transmission delay. Considering the random property of the networked-induced delay, the original system is transformed into a new delay model with stochastic parameter matrices by introducing a novel state augmentation technique. Based on the new model, a new delay-distribution-dependent criterion for the mean square stability of the closed-loop system is derived by using the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach and linear matrix inequality technique. The solvability of the derived criterion depends on not only the size of the delay, but also the probability distribution of the delay taking value in a finite set. Finally, two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Jiling Zhao,Ping Yang,Lin Li 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.2
With the development of urban subway system, intersection is sometimes inevitable during the construction of underground tunnels. When a tunnel to be excavated is underneath an existing subway station, the support wall of the station that lies on the way of the tunnel is often required to be partially dismantled to facilitate the construction of the tunnel. To ensure safety of the existing station and the tunnel, both metro jet system (MJS) using cement paste and artificial ground freezing (AGF) techniques can be applied and sometimes combined to stabilize the area under the influence of tunnel construction. However, when two techniques are combined, the hydration heat from the cement paste will bring an increase in the active freezing time. By taking advantage of an existing project, a preliminary numerical simulation is performed to evaluate the influence of hydration heat on a 100-day ground freezing process with considering the effect of ambient temperature, thermal insulation, and the timing of the initiation of the freezing after MJS treatment. Simulation results show that the active freezing time can be reduced by 53 and 3 days with thermal insulation at the end sections in summer and winter, respectively. Hydration heat leads to an increase of the active freezing time from 14 to 15 days, and the effect of timing for the initiation of artificial ground freezing is insignificant on the active freezing time. Subsequently, consistent with the construction plan and site condition, using the ambient temperature from the previous year, a numerical simulation is also performed to simulate the soil temperature variation during the releasing of hydration heat and the freezing followed. The simulation results show that 52-day active freezing time is required for the formation of a frozen soil wall which met the requirement for further tunneling.
Ya-ping Xue,Chang-feng Yan,Xiao-yong Zhao,Shi-lin Huang,Chang-qing Guo 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.2
Hydrogen production from steam reforming of acetic acid was investigated over Ni/La2O3-ZrO2 catalyst. A series of Ni/La2O3-ZrO2 catalysts were synthesized by sol-gel method coupled with wet impregnation, which was characterized by XRD, BET, TEM, EDS, TG, SEM and TPR. Catalytic activity of Ni/La2O3-ZrO2 was evaluated by steam reforming of acetic acid at the temperature range of 550-750 oC. The tetragonal phase La0.1Zr0.9O1.95 is formed through the doping of La2O3 into the ZrO2 lattice and nickel species are highly dispersed on the support with high specific surface area. H2 yield and CO2 yield of Ni/La2O3-ZrO2 catalyst with 15%wt Ni reaches 89.27% and 80.41% at 600 oC, respectively, which is attributed to high BET surface area and sufficient Ni active sites in strong interaction with the support. 15%wt Ni supported on La2O3-ZrO2 catalyst maintains relatively stable catalytic activities for a period of 20 h.
Mechanism of heterogeneous mercury oxidation by HCl on V2O5(001) surface
Li Zhao,Yu Liu,Yang-wen Wu,Jian Han,Song-lin Zhang,Qiang Lu,Yong-ping Yang 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.6
The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system for NOX removal in coal-fired power plants has a promoting effect on the oxidation and removal of elemental mercury. In this study, basic mechanism of mercury oxidation by V2O5-based SCR catalyst is investigated via density functional theory method and the periodic slab models. Calculations are conducted to determine the adsorption energies and geometries of Hg0, HgCl, HgCl2 and HCl on V2O5(001) surface, and to reveal the energy profile of oxidation reaction and the structures of relative transition states and intermediates. The results indicate that HCl can significantly promote Hg0 oxidation on V2O5(001) surface, by forming an intermediate HgCl-surface which is important for Hg0 oxidation. The Hg0 oxidation goes through Hg0→HgCl→HgCl2, and the two stages of the reaction follow Eley–Rideal mechanism and Langmuir- Hinshelwood mechanism, respectively. The formation of HgCl2 is the rate-determining step due to its high energy barrier. Three detailed reaction pathways are obtained, and the related energy profiles and structures are analyzed in detail. The Hg0 oxidation reaction can take place through all three pathways even if differences exist in each other, while pathways I and II have relatively low energy barriers.