Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Role of Cyanidin Metabolism in Plumbago auriculata Flower Color

Li Yurong 한국식물학회 2021 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.64 No.3

Blue flowers, which are rare, have long been a focus for researchers engaged in colored flower breeding. In this study, Plumbago auriculata, a plant with blue flowers, and its white flower forma Plumbago auriculata f. alba were used as research materials. Flower color quantification, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) observation of petal epidermal cells, and determination of the cell sap pH were carried out; moreover, metabolomic analysis was used to analyze the flavonoid metabolites of both types of petals. The results showed that the flower color of P. auriculata was bluish violet, and there was no significant difference in the epidermal cell distribution of the white and blue petals. The key substance that determined the bluish violet flower color was cyanidin-3-O-(6″-p-coumaroylglucoside) (Cy3-pC·G). Compared to the white petal cells, the blue petal cells exhibited up to 40 upregulated flavonoid compounds that were copigments. Together with the significantly increased pH (5.92 ± 0.12) of the petal cell sap, these copigments affected the color presentation of Cy3-pC·G, causing the final petal color of P. auriculata to be bluish violet. The results of this study indicate that cyanidin is an important anthocyanidin in blue flowers, which provides new insights into the breeding of blue flowers.

Five Inputs Code Lock Circuit Design Based on DNA Strand Displacement Mechanism

Jixiang Li,Yurong Li,Junwei Sun,Yanfeng Wang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.11

In recent years, the development of biological computers is becoming faster and faster, in order to make the logical operation algorithms of biological computers more mature and stable, a new idea for the code lock logic circuit is proposed based on DNA strand displacement by using the dual-rail method. The code lock is designed by four input signals and one conversion input signal. Only when the four input codes are correct and the conversion signal code is turned on, the password lock will be in open state, otherwise the password lock will produce an alarm signal, stopping outside invasion timely. The information of key is processed to obtain the correct password; finally, the experimental simulation results are obtained by Visual DSD software. The results analysis show that the designed code lock circuit is effective, which may provide a good technical support and a good theoretical basis in biological computers development.

Preparation and electrochemical capacitive properties of C–MnO2 composite with foam-like structure based on modified rubber

Li Peng,Ma Xiaoxiao,Liang Yurong,Tan Junhua,Wang Liyong 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.6

Nanoporous carbon/MnO2 (C–MnO2) composites with foam-like structure based on modified nitrile butadiene rubber were achieved by thermal treatment, followed by alkaline solution etching and dipping method. The XRD, nitrogen adsorption and desorption, and SEM and TEM were used to characterize the microstructure of the obtained C–SiO2, C and C–MnO2. Finally, all the obtained samples have been used in three-electrode system to study the electrochemical properties including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge and AC impedance for supercapacitor. The study found that the specific capacity of C–MnO2 electrode material for supercapacitor could reach as high as 109 F/g under the current density of 0.5 A/g, which is much higher than those of the other two. These superior electrochemical properties are attributed to the synergistic effect MnO2 particles with the C matrix which functions as a conductive support.

Procaine Attenuates Pain Behaviors of Neuropathic Pain Model Rats Possibly via Inhibiting JAK2/STAT3

Li, Donghua,Yan, Yurong,Yu, Lingzhi,Duan, Yong The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2016 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.24 No.5

Neuropathic pain (NPP) is the main culprit among chronic pains affecting the normal life of patients. Procaine is a frequently-used local anesthesia with multiple efficacies in various diseases. However, its role in modulating NPP has not been reported yet. This study aims at uncovering the role of procaine in NPP. Rats were pretreated with procaine by intrathecal injection. Then NPP rat model was induced by sciatic nerve chronic compression injury (CCI) and behavior tests were performed to analyze the pain behaviors upon mechanical, thermal and cold stimulations. Spinal expression of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. JAK2 was also overexpressed in procaine treated model rats for behavior tests. Results showed that procaine pretreatment improved the pain behaviors of model rats upon mechanical, thermal and cold stimulations, with the best effect occurring on the $15^{th}$ day post model construction (p<0.05). Procaine also inhibited JAK2 and STAT3 expression in both mRNA (p<0.05) and protein levels. Overexpression of JAK2 increased STAT3 level and reversed the improvement effects of procaine in pain behaviors (p<0.01). These findings indicate that procaine is capable of attenuating NPP, suggesting procaine is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating NPP. Its role may be associated with the inhibition on JAK2/STAT3 signaling.

Bolted end plate connections for steel reinforced concrete composite structures

Li, Xian,Wu, Yuntian,Mao, Weifeng,Xiao, Yan,Anderson, J.C.,Guo, Yurong Techno-Press 2006 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.24 No.3

In order to improve the constructability and meanwhile ensure excellent seismic behavior, several innovative composite connection details were conceived and studied by the authors. This paper reports experimental results and observations on seismic behavior of steel beam bolted to reinforced concrete column connections (bolted RCS or BRCS). The proposed composite connection details involve post tensioning the end plates of the steel beams to the reinforced concrete or precast concrete columns using high-strength steel rods. A rational design procedure was proposed to assure a ductile behavior of the composite structure. Strut-and-tie model analysis indicates that a bolted composite connection has a favorable stress transfer mechanism. The excellent capacity and behavior were then validated through five full-scale beam to column connection model tests.

Nitrogen-Doped Hollow Carbon Nanospheres Derived from Dopamine as High-Performance Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Yurong Yang,Min Qiu,Li Liu,Dan Su,Yanmei Pi,Guomin Yan 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.11

Designed as an anode material for sodium ion batteries, porous nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanospheres (N-HCS, D = 200 nm) are successfully synthesized via the mature template-assisted method using silica and dopamine as template and carbon precursor, respectively. For detailed characterization of Raman, FTIR and XPS results, it is revealed that N-doping can form a disordered carbon structure and induce a large number of topological defects on carbon outer wall. The N-HCS electrode exhibits excellent cycling stability and rate capability, delivering a satisfying capacity of 306 mAh g-1 over 600 cycles at a discharging rate of 0.05 A g-1 and an attainable capacity of 188 mAh g-1 even at a high discharging rate of 3.0 A g-1. The excellent electrochemical performance of N-HCS can be attributed to the high content of pores. Moreover, the high content of pyridinic and graphitic N could facilitate the transfer of sodium ion and electron.

Preparation and electrochemical capacitive properties of C–MnO2 composite with foam‑like structure based on modified rubber

Peng Li,Xiaoxiao Ma,Yurong Liang,Junhua Tan,Liyong Wang 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.6

Nanoporous carbon/MnO2 (C–MnO2) composites with foam-like structure based on modified nitrile butadiene rubber were achieved by thermal treatment, followed by alkaline solution etching and dipping method. The XRD, nitrogen adsorption and desorption, and SEM and TEM were used to characterize the microstructure of the obtained C–SiO2, C and C–MnO2. Finally, all the obtained samples have been used in three-electrode system to study the electrochemical properties including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge and AC impedance for supercapacitor. The study found that the specific capacity of C–MnO2 electrode material for supercapacitor could reach as high as 109 F/g under the current density of 0.5 A/g, which is much higher than those of the other two. These superior electrochemical properties are attributed to the synergistic effect MnO2 particles with the C matrix which functions as a conductive support.

Procaine Attenuates Pain Behaviors of Neuropathic Pain Model Rats Possibly via Inhibiting JAK2/STAT3

( Donghua Li ),( Yurong Yan ),( Lingzhi Yu ),( Yong Duan ) 한국응용약물학회 2016 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.24 No.5

Neuropathic pain (NPP) is the main culprit among chronic pains affecting the normal life of patients. Procaine is a frequently-used local anesthesia with multiple efficacies in various diseases. However, its role in modulating NPP has not been reported yet. This study aims at uncovering the role of procaine in NPP. Rats were pretreated with procaine by intrathecal injection. Then NPP rat model was induced by sciatic nerve chronic compression injury (CCI) and behavior tests were performed to analyze the pain behaviors upon mechanical, thermal and cold stimulations. Spinal expression of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. JAK2 was also overexpressed in procaine treated model rats for behavior tests. Results showed that procaine pretreatment improved the pain behaviors of model rats upon mechanical, thermal and cold stimulations, with the best effect occurring on the 15^th day post model construction (p<0.05). Procaine also inhibited JAK2 and STAT3 expression in both mRNA (p<0.05) and protein levels. Overexpression of JAK2 increased STAT3 level and reversed the improvement effects of procaine in pain behaviors (p<0.01). These findings indicate that procaine is capable of attenuating NPP, suggesting procaine is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating NPP. Its role may be associated with the inhibition on JAK2/STAT3 signaling.

A Survey on Modeling Mechanism and Control Strategy of Rehabilitation Robots: Recent Trends, Current Challenges, and Future Developments

Yanzheng Zhu,Xianfang Tong,Rongni Yang,Yurong Li,Min Du,Chun-Yi Su 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.8

Due to an increasingly serious aging society and a large number of disabled civilians, the number of residents who need rehabilitation therapy is increasing rapidly in the past few years, but the rehabilitation therapists/treatments are in short supply in reality. In recent years, with the in-depth research and technology development of rehabilitation robots, this contradiction is expected to be overcome. In this paper, the modeling mechanisms of rehabilitation robots are firstly introduced based on the pneumatic artificial muscle drive, motor drive, and cable drive, respectively. Then some typical methodologies are presented to deal with various types of control constraints, namely the nonlinearity, the parameter uncertainty, the fatigue, and the time-delay, etc. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of some existing control approaches and driving modes are discussed in depth, including some notable experimental results. The key challenges and shortcomings of rehabilitation robots are analyzed and summarized, and the future development of rehabilitation robots has been prospected finally.

Nucleation and Growth of Bismuth Electrodeposition from Alkaline Electrolyte

Zhou, Longping,Dai, Yatang,Zhang, Huan,Jia, Yurong,Zhang, Jie,Li, Changxiong Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.5

The early stages of bismuth (Bi) electrodeposition on glass carbon electrode from alkaline electrolyte were studied by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The CV analysis showed that the electrodeposition of Bi was determined to be quasireversible process with diffusion controlled. The current transients for Bi electrodeposition were analyzed according to the Scharifker-Hills model and the Heerman-Tarallo model. It can be concluded that the nucleation and growth mechanism was carried out under a 3D instantaneous nucleation, which was confirmed by SEM analysis. The kinetic growth parameters were obtained through a nonlinear fitting. In addition, the Bi film obtaining at -0.86 V for 1 hour was of compact and uniform surface with good smoothness, small roughness and a very high purity. The Bi film were indexed to rhombohedral crystal structure with preferred orientation of (0 1 2) planes to growth.