Comparison of Biological Activities of Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai Under Different Shading Conditions

Jiang, Yunyao,Noh, Heesum,Wang, Myeong-Hyeon The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2013 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.26 No.6

Shade treatment of Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai was carried out with 0, 35, and 55% shading net, and samples were marked as no shade, 35% shade, and 55% shade, respectively. We examined in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities using a 1,1-diphenyl-2-2-pricylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, a reducing power assay, a total antioxidant assay, a metal chelating assay, a superoxide radical scavenging assay, and a nitric oxide inhibition assay. As a result, no shade and 35% shade possessed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power ability than that of 55% shade. Notably, no shade had significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than those in the other samples. No shade exhibited significantly higher total antioxidant activity than that of 35% shade and 55% shade. However, the chelating ability of 55% shade was significantly greater than that of no shade and 35% shade; 55% shade also showed significantly higher anti-inflammatory capacity than that of no shade or 35% shade.

Ethanol extract of Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai suppresses in vitro LPS-induced cytokine production in RAW 264.7 macrophages and in vivo acute inflammatory symptoms

Yunyao Jiang,Myeong-Hyeon Wang 한국영양학회 2014 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.8 No.1

Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai, belonging to the Compositae family, is an edible plant widely distributed in Northeast Asia. In this study, we examined the mechanisms underlying the immunomodulative effects of the ethanol extract of S. deltoides (SDE). The SDE extract strongly down-regulated the mRNA expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, thereby inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and TNF-α in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, SDE also suppressed the nuclear translocation of the activation protein (AP)-1 and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and simultaneously decreased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK), p38, and Akt. In agreement with the in vitro observations, the orally administered SDE ameliorated the acute inflammatory symptoms in the arachidonic acid-induced ear edema and the EtOH/HCl-induced gastritis in mice. Therefore, S. deltoides have a potential anti-inflammatory capacity in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the potential therapeutic use in the inflammation-associated disorders.

Antioxidant and Nitric Oxide Production Inhibitory Activities of Scouring Rush (Equisetum hyemale L.)

Yunyao Jiang,Weicheng Hu,한웅,여진희,왕명현 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.4

Antioxidant and nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory activities of various extracts from scouring rush (Equisetum hyemale L.) were investigated. Antioxidant assays including DPPH free radical scavenging activity,reducing power assay, metal-chelating assay, superoxide radical scavenging assay, and nitrite scavenging ability, and assays to determine total phenolic and flavonoid contents were performed. The inhibition of NO production was measured in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7macrophages, and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was used to analyse the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Overall, all extracts showed high phenolic content and strong DPPH radical scavenging ability. Methanol extract exhibited stronger metal-chelating activity and NO production inhibitory activity compared with other extracts. The expression of iNOS and COX-2was obviously augmented in response to LPS. Taken together, scouring rush could be used as a suitable natural antioxidant and a source of anti-inflammatory agent.

Antioxidant Activity and Protection from DNA Damage by Water Extract from Pine (Pinus densiflora) Bark

Jiang, Yunyao,Han, Woong,Shen, Ting,Wang, Myeong-Hyeon The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2012 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.17 No.2

Water extract from Pinus densiflora (WPD) was investigated for its antioxidant activity and its ability to provide protection from DNA damage. A series of antioxidant assays, including a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging assay, a reducing power assay, a metal-chelating assay, a superoxide radical scavenging assay, and a nitrite scavenging ability, as well as a DNA damage protection assay were performed. Total phenolic content was found to be 211.32 mg Tan/g WPD. The extract scavenged 50% DPPH free radical at a concentration of 21.35 ${\mu}g/mL$. At that same concentration, the reducing power ability of WPD was higher than that of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. The extract chelated 68.9% ferrous ion at the concentration of 4 mg/mL. WPD showed better nitrite scavenging effect at the lower pH. Meanwhile, WPD exhibited a strong capability for DNA damage protection at 1 mg/mL concentration. Taken together, these data suggest water extract from Pinus densiflora could be used as a suitable natural antioxidant.

Antioxidant Activity and Protection from DNA Damage by Water Extract from Pine (Pinus densiflora) Bark

Yunyao Jiang,Woong Han,Ting Shen,Myeong-Hyeon Wang 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.17 No.2

Water extract from Pinus densiflora (WPD) was investigated for its antioxidant activity and its ability to provide protection from DNA damage. A series of antioxidant assays, including a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging assay, a reducing power assay, a metal-chelating assay, a superoxide radical scavenging assay, and a nitrite scavenging ability, as well as a DNA damage protection assay were performed. Total phenolic content was found to be 211.32 mg Tan/g WPD. The extract scavenged 50% DPPH free radical at a concentration of 21.35 μg/mL. At that same concentration, the reducing power ability of WPD was higher than that of α -tocopherol. The extract chelated 68.9% ferrous ion at the concentration of 4 mg/mL. WPD showed better nitrite scavenging effect at the lower pH. Meanwhile, WPD exhibited a strong capability for DNA damage protection at 1 mg/mL concentration. Taken together, these data suggest water extract from Pinus densiflora could be used as a suitable natural antioxidant.

Antioxidant activity of alcoholic extract from Camellia Sinensis

Yunyao Jiang(강운요),Young-Mi Lee(이영미),Young-Ran Yeun(연영란),Jeong Min Seong(성정민),Hye-Young Kim(김혜영) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Camellia Sinensis has been the most popular beverage in Asia for thousands of years. Scientific evidence indicated highly antioxidant activity and prolifically polyphenolic content in Camellia Sinensis. In this study, antioxidant activity of alcoholic extract from Camellia Sinensis was measured by antioxidant properties including total phenolic and flavonoid contents, DPPH free radical and superoxide radical scavenging activities, total antioxidant activity, reducing power, and nitrite scavenging activity activity. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Camellia Sinensis were very high as expressed as 503.39 tannic mg/g and 24.24 quercetin mg/g, respectively. Data of DPPH free radical scavenging activities of Camellia Sinensis was even higher than positive the control. Superoxide scavenging activity of Camellia Sinensis was considerable; however, reducing power of Camellia Sinensis was week. In conclusion, Camellia Sinensis may a great source of antioxidants. Since antioxidants are thought to play an important role in the maintenance of good health, potential medical value of Camellia Sinensis needs to be evaluated further studies.

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Different Solvent Fractions from Ethanol Extract of Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai Leaves

Yunyao Jiang,Weicheng Hu,이경철,왕명현 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.1

Fractions of Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai leaves showed excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in a series of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays including total phenolic and flavonoid contents determination assay, DPPH free radical scavenging assay,reducing power assay, superoxide radical scavenging assay,nitrite scavenging assay, total antioxidant assay, DNA damage protection assay, MTT assay, nitric oxide (NO)production inhibition assay, and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assay. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited stronger antioxidant effects than other fractions in most of antioxidant assays such as DPPH assay, reducing power assay,superoxide radical scavenging assay, and nitrite scavenging assay. However, the dichloromethane fraction showed the strongest total antioxidant activity and NO production inhibitory activity. It was demonstrated that S. deltoides was valuable to be researched farther and application and fractions of S. deltoides had great potential to be a source of edible antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

Biological Activity and Inhibition of Non-Enzymatic Glycation by Methanolic Extract of Rosa davurica Pall. Roots

Hu, Weicheng,Han, Woong,Jiang, Yunyao,Wang, Myeong-Hyeon,Lee, Young-Mee The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2011 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.16 No.3

The methanolic extract of Rosa davurica Pall. roots exhibited strong antioxidant activity in a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and was found to be a dose-dependent inhibitor of non-enzymatic formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are relevant to diabetes complications. HPLC-diode array detector (DAD) analysis of the R. davurica Pall. root extract led to the identification of four compounds: hydrocaffeic acid, catechin, epicatechin, and ellagic acid. Catechin was present in the largest amount and exhibited high antiglycation activity. A CYP3A4 assay was used to investigate potential interactions between drugs and the extract, and results suggest that the R. davurica Pall. root extract had moderate potential for interfering with drug metabolism. The R. davurica Pall. extract did not display anti-inflammatory activity on the level of that for tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage assay; however, the extract did exhibit low to moderate immunostimulatory activity in a pro-inflammatory macrophage assay. Therefore, we conclude that R. davurica Pall. root is a promising anti-AGE agent with low to moderate risks of associated inflammation or drug interaction.

Biological Activity and Inhibition of Non-Enzymatic Glycation by Methanolic Extract of Rosa davurica Pall. Roots

Weicheng Hu,Woong Han,Yunyao Jiang,Myeong-Hyeon Wang,Young-Mee Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.16 No.3

The methanolic extract of Rosa davurica Pall. roots exhibited strong antioxidant activity in a 1,1-diphenyl-2- picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and was found to be a dose-dependent inhibitor of non-enzymatic formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are relevant to diabetes complications. HPLC-diode array detector (DAD) analysis of the R. davurica Pall. root extract led to the identification of four compounds: hydrocaffeic acid, catechin, epicatechin, and ellagic acid. Catechin was present in the largest amount and exhibited high antiglycation activity. A CYP3A4 assay was used to investigate potential interactions between drugs and the extract, and results suggest that the R. davurica Pall. root extract had moderate potential for interfering with drug metabolism. The R. davurica Pall. extract did not display anti-inflammatory activity on the level of that for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage assay; however, the extract did exhibit low to moderate immunostimulatory activity in a pro-inflammatory macrophage assay. Therefore, we conclude that R. davurica Pall. root is a promising anti-AGE agent with low to moderate risks of associated inflammation or drug interaction.

The antidiabetic effects of an herbal formula composed of Alnus hirsuta, Rosa davurica, Acanthopanax senticosus and Panax schinseng in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Weicheng Hu,Jin-Hee Yeo,Yunyao Jiang,Seong-Il Heo,Myeong-Hyeon Wang 한국영양학회 2013 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.7 No.2

A folk prescription consisting of Alnus hirsuta, Rosa davurica, Acanthopanax senticosus and Panax schinseng has been used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of the herb formula extract (HFE) composed of Alnus hirsuta, Rosa davurica, Acanthopanax senticosus and Panax schinseng in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The HFE was mixed in the food supply of the healthy and STZ-induced diabetic male Sprague-Dawley rats, and its effects on the body weight, water and food intake, hyperglycemia, hypolipidemic and islet structure were studied. The treatment of the rats with STZ for 6 weeks resulted in marasmus, polydipsia, polyphagia, hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia. In addition, the diabetic rats showed an apparent decrease in the insulin immunoreactivity and the number of β-cells in the pancreas. The addition of the HFE to the rats’ food supply significantly lowered the serum glucose and the serum triglycerides level and preserved the normal histological appearance of the pancreatic islets. These results indicate that the HEF have a strong antidiabetic potential along with the significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, which may be applicable in the pharmaceutical industry.