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성용길,정태화,이상영 동국대학교 1986 論文集 Vol.25 No.-
Hydrophilic poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) has been accepted as biocompatible material for medical applications. Some of its relatively poor physical property are still remained as problems to be improved. In order to improve its physical property, new copolymers of 2-nhydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA) with silane monomers have been developed and synthesized. The silane monomers are γ-methacryloxypropyl triethyl silane(MPTS) and γ-methacryloxypropyl methyl bistrimethyl siloxysilane(MPMBSS). The compositions of unreacted monomers in the copolymers were separated and determined by the intensity of each peak by gas chromatographic analysis. The monomer reactivity ratios determined by the Kelen-Tu¨dos method are as follows; r_1=0.80 and r_2=0.71 for poly(HEMA-co-MPTS), r_1=1.22 and r_2=0.21 for poly(HEMA=co-MPMBSS). The tendency of alternating copolymerization and the relative reactivty of MPTS and MPMBSS with HEMA were investigated. The Q and e values were also calculated by the Alfrey-Price equation. The synthesized monomers and copolymers were identified by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The thermal properties of the copolymers were also measured by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
β-H₂Pc 결정형태에 따른 Iodine Doped β-H₂Pc/ZnO계의 광증감 효과
허순옥,김영순,성용길 동국대학교 자연과학연구원 1995 자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.15 No.-
For the dye sensitization of zinc oxide in the visible region, β-metal free phthalocyanine(β-H2Pc) have been adsorbed on zinc oxide powder. The adsorption properties of β-H2Pc on ZnO have been investigated by means of Raman and electron spin resonance(ESR) spectroscopy. On the basis of these observations, it has been found that β-H2Pc in ZnO/β-H2Pc system are molecular aggregates, keeping their characteristics with regard to shape of β-H2Pc. The ZnO/β-H2Pc(I)x has shown greater surface photovoltaic effect than ZnO/β-H2Pc, depending mainly upon shapes and iodine doping level(x) of β-H2Pc. To improve the photosensitizing efficiency of ZnO/β-H2Pc(I)x system, ZnO/β-H2Pc(I)x system has been dispersed in poly(9-vinylcarbazole)(PVCZ). As the result, the photovoltage of ZnO/β-H2Pc(I)x/PVCZ has observed to be greater than ZnO/β-H2Pc(I)x when they are excited at 670nm. The photovoltage of ZnO/β-H2Pc(I)x also depends on the iodine dopant levels. The improvement of the photovoltaic effect in the ZnO/β-H2Pc(I)x/PVCZ system compared to ZnO/β-H2Pc(I)x might be due to the hole-injection from the excited-state β-H2Pc into PVCZ.
허순옥,김영순,성용길 동국대학교 자연과학연구원 1995 자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.15 No.-
Metal free phthalocyanine(β-H2Pc) partially doped with iodine, β-H2Pc(I)x, has been made to improve photosensitizing efficiency of ZnO/β-H2Pc. The content of iodine dopant level(x) for β-H2Pc(I)x upon β-H2Pc crystal shapes was characterized as isotropic β-H2Pc(I)0.96 and needle β-H2Pc(I)0.16 by elemental analysis. Characterization of iodine-oxidized β-H2Pc were investigated by TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), SEM, UV-VIS, and Raman spectrum. These results suggest that the iodine dopings of β-H2Pc. The surface photovoltaic effect of ZnO/β-H2Pc in the visible region depends on largely photoconductivity with regard to shapes of β-H2Pc. That is, the surface photovoltage of ZnO/isotropic β-H2Pc was greater than ZnO/needle β-H2Pc at 670nm. The surface photovoltage of ZnO/isotropic β-H2Pc(I)0.96 was approximately 5 times greater than that of ZnO/isotropic β-H2Pc and ZnO/needle β-H2Pc(I)0.16 was 3 times more efficient than ZnO/needle β-H2Pc at 670nm. Therefore Iodine doping of β-H2Pc resulted in increase in photoconductivity of β-H2Pc and photovoltaic effect of ZnO/β-H2Pc in the visible region.
The Fundamental Absorbency Mechanisms of Hygiene Paper
Young Chan Ko,Jin Hee Lee,Hyoung Jin Kim,Yong Kiel Sung 한국펄프·종이공학회 2016 펄프.종이기술 Vol.48 No.5
A hygiene paper is characterized by having low density and low basis weight (i.e., weight per area). Its main constituent is cellulose fiber, known as pulp. Since hygiene paper including tissue (i.e., bathroom- and facial-tissue), paper towel, and napkins has low density and low basis weight, it is thin like a paper sheet. A hygiene paper requires good softness, strength, and absorbency. With regards to absorbency, a hygiene paper should be able to pick up liquid spills as fast as possible before it is disposed of. In short, its lifetime is extremely short, lasting only for a few seconds. The Lucas-Washburn theory has been validated from the absorbency data of some commercial tissue products available in the patent literature. The theory suggests that absorbency amount (Q) should be proportional to the square root of time, t<SUP>1/2</SUP>, in a plot of Q against t<SUP>1/2</SUP>. Such a plot is referred to as the Lucas-Washburn plot and the slope is known as the Lucas-Washburn slope, K. A higher value of K indicates a higher speed of absorption. The slope, K, is a function of the surface tension and the viscosity of the liquid, the wettability of the solid surface by the liquid, and the porous structure of the product. The wettability depends on the surface roughness (or profile) and the surface heterogeneity. It is recognized that the absorbency should depend on the absorbency measurement methods employed. Although many absorbency measurement methods have been implemented, only a few have been standardized. The standardization of absorbency test methods is necessary to compare the products objectively without ambiguity.
Sung, Yong Kiel,Kim, Young Hoon,Jung, Jae Hee 東國大學校 1993 東國論叢 Vol.32 No.-
Poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate)(PBLG)-poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-lactoselactone 블록 공중합체를 합성한 후 IR과 NMR분광분석으로 확인하였고, 합성된 블록 공중합체를 CD측정에 의해서 α-helix 구조를 갖고 있다는 것을 확인 하였다. 약물방출 실험을 하기위해 PBLG-PEO-lactoselactone 블록 공중합체와 항암제를 섞어 용매 추출 침전방법으로 고분자 미립자를 제조하였다. 그 고분자 미립자들의 형태가 구형을 띠고 있으며 고른 평균 입자도를 가지고 있다는 것을 SEM으로 확인 하였다. 또한 in vitro실험에서 항암제인 aclacinomycin을 함유한 고분자 미립자들의 약물이 방출되는 정도가 그 공중합체 중의 PEO함량이 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향이 나타남을 확인 하였다. Poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate)(PBLG)-poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-lactoselactone block copolymers were prepared by polymerization of PEO-lactoselactone and γ-benzyl L-glutamate-N-carboxyanhydride and characterized by IR and NMR. From circular dichroism measurements of the PBLG-PEO-lactose lactone copolymers, it was found that the polymers exist in the α-helical conformation. To perform the drug release experiment, the microspheres were prepared by solvent-extraction precipitation method. The shapes of the microspheres were almost spherical. Furthermore, the drug release form the polymeric microspheres was performed in vitro. The drug release was affected by composition of copolymers.
Oh, Young-Suk,Kenea, S. Takele,Goo, Tae-Young,Chung, Kyu-Sun,Rhee, Jae-Sang,Ou, Mi-Lim,Byun, Young-Hwa,Wennberg, Paul O.,Kiel, Matthä,us,DiGangi, Joshua P.,Diskin, Glenn S.,Velazco, Voltaire A.,Gr Copernicus GmbH 2018 Atmospheric measurement techniques Vol.11 No.4
<P><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Since the late 1990s, the meteorological observatory established in Anmyeondo (36.5382°<span class='thinspace'></span>N, 126.3311°<span class='thinspace'></span>E, and 30<span class='thinspace'></span>m above mean sea level) has been monitoring several greenhouse gases such as CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, CFCs, and SF<sub>6</sub> as a part of the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Program. A high resolution ground-based (g-b) Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) was installed at this observation site in 2013 and has been operated within the frame work of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) since August 2014. The solar spectra recorded by the g-b FTS cover the spectral range 3800 to 16<span class='thinspace'></span>000<span class='thinspace'></span>cm<sup>−1</sup> at a resolution of 0.02<span class='thinspace'></span>cm<sup>−1</sup>. In this work, the GGG2014 version of the TCCON standard retrieval algorithm was used to retrieve total column average CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> dry mole fractions (XCO<sub>2</sub>, XCH<sub>4</sub>) and from the FTS spectra. Spectral bands of CO<sub>2</sub> (at 6220.0 and 6339.5<span class='thinspace'></span>cm<sup>−1</sup> center wavenumbers, CH<sub>4</sub> at 6002<span class='thinspace'></span>cm<sup>−1</sup> wavenumber, and O<sub>2</sub> near 7880<span class='thinspace'></span>cm<sup>−1</sup> ) were used to derive the XCO<sub>2</sub> and XCH<sub>4</sub>. In this paper, we provide comparisons of XCO<sub>2</sub> and XCH<sub>4</sub> between the aircraft observations and g-b FTS over Anmyeondo station. A comparison of 13 coincident observations of XCO<sub>2</sub> between g-b FTS and OCO-2 (Orbiting Carbon Observatory) satellite measurements are also presented for the measurement period between February 2014 and November 2017. OCO-2 observations are highly correlated with the g-b FTS measurements (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.884) and exhibited a small positive bias (0.189<span class='thinspace'></span>ppm). Both data set capture seasonal variations of the target species with maximum and minimum values in spring and late summer, respectively. In the future, it is planned to further utilize the FTS measurements for the evaluation of satellite observations such as Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT, GOSAT-2). This is the first report of the g-b FTS observations of XCO<sub>2</sub> species over the Anmyeondo station.</p> </P>