The Investigation and 3D Numerical Simulation of Herb Roots in Reinforcing Soil and Stabilizing Slope

Yang Yang,Jinxia Wang,Qingsong Duan,Chao Su,Mingjiao Yan,Yijia Dong 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.12

This paper investigated and simulated the mechanical effect of root reinforcing soil and stabilizing slope. The unconfined compression test was used to investigate the reinforcement soil behavior of herb roots. This paper used the 3D finite element to quantify the mechanical effect of the herb root for slope’s stability in terms of the safety factor. The soil was simulated by an elasticplastic model, and the root was simulated by a linear elastic model. Results show that using the Root Content (RC) to estimate the additional cohesion cr of Setaria sphacelata and Orchardgrass was a simple and reliable method. Lateral fine roots can play a more significant role in reinforcing soils and slopes. Compared to various slope angles, the steep slope was less stable. The slope existed a slope angle threshold αthr. When the slope angle α was smaller than αthr, the herb root system can improve the stability of slope. The α existed an optimal angle αopt for the root system. When α = αopt and α < αthr, the herb roots can exert its maximum stabilization capacity. Moreover, we can select herb species with lateral fine roots and more roots in deeper soil layer. Results can better estimate the cr for the herb of lateral fine roots and select the herb and the slope’s geometry in the engineering.

Micronucleus Expression and Acute Leukemia Prognosis

Wang, Run-Chao,Yang, Lei,Tang, Yang,Bai, Ou Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9

The micronucleus frequency (MNF) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) is a biomarker of chromosomal damage and genome instability in human populations.The relationship of micronucleus frequency with prognosis of patients with acute leukemia is not clear. We therefore investigated MNF in mitogen-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with hematologic diseases and solid tumours. Patients included 50 with acute leukemia, 49 diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 54 with benign blood diseases, and 45 with solid tumours, examined with 50 healthy controls. The mean MNF was significantly higher in cases of hematologic diseases and solid tumor patients than in healthy controls (P<0.001). There was no evident difference between MNF in the acute leukemia ($7.15{\pm}2.18$) and solid tumor groups ($7.11{\pm}1.47$), but both were higher than in the MDS group ($5.12{\pm}1.29$) and benign blood diseases group ($3.08{\pm}1.08$). Taking 7.15‰, the average MNF of the acute leukemia group as standard, and dividing 50 cases of acute leukemia patients into high MNF group ($MNF{\geq}7.15$‰) and low MNF group (MNF<7.15‰). The overall response (complete remission + partial remission) rates of the low MNF group were significantly higher than in the high MNF group (P=0.001). The high MNF group further showed lower overall survival rates than the low MNF group. MNF expression and progression-free survival seemed to have a opposite relationship, with a correlation coefficient of -0.702. These data indicate that MNF in peripheral blood lymphocytes is important for evaluation of prognosis of acute leukemia patients, and it can reflect progression of disease to a certain degree.

Characterization and antimicrobial application of biosynthesized gold and silver nanoparticles by using<i>Microbacterium resistens</i>

Wang, Chao,Singh, Priyanka,Kim, Yeon Ju,Mathiyalagan, Ramya,Myagmarjav, Davaajargal,Wang, Dandan,Jin, Chi-Gyu,Yang, Deok Chun Informa UK (Informa Healthcare) 2016 Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology Vol.44 No.7

YAP/TAZ-Mediated Upregulation of GAB2 Leads to Increased Sensitivity to Growth Factor–Induced Activation of the PI3K Pathway

Wang, Chao,Gu, Chao,Jeong, Kang Jin,Zhang, Dong,Guo, Wei,Lu, Yiling,Ju, Zhenlin,Panupinthu, Nattapon,Yang, Ji Yeon,Gagea, Mihai (Mike),Ng, Patrick Kwok Shing,Zhang, Fan,Mills, Gordon B. American Association for Cancer Research 2017 Cancer Research Vol.77 No.7

<P>Interactions between HIPPO, YAP/TAZ, and the PI3K/AKT pathway may be therapeutically targetable, providing new approaches to treating endometrial cancers and other cancers where the HIPPO pathway is a core oncogenic driver.</P><P>The transcription regulators YAP and TAZ function as effectors of the HIPPO signaling cascade, critical for organismal development, cell growth, and cellular reprogramming, and YAP/TAZ is commonly misregulated in human cancers. The precise mechanism by which aberrant YAP/TAZ promotes tumor growth remains unclear. The HIPPO tumor suppressor pathway phosphorylates YAP and TAZ, resulting in cytosolic sequestration with subsequent degradation. Here, we report that the PI3K/AKT pathway, which is critically involved in the pathophysiology of endometrial cancer, interacts with the HIPPO pathway at multiple levels. Strikingly, coordinate knockdown of YAP and TAZ, mimicking activation of the HIPPO pathway, markedly decreased both constitutive and growth factor–induced PI3K pathway activation by decreasing levels of the GAB2 linker molecule in endometrial cancer lines. Furthermore, targeting YAP/TAZ decreased endometrial cancer tumor growth <I>in vivo</I>. In addition, YAP and TAZ total and phosphoprotein levels correlated with clinical characteristics and outcomes in endometrial cancer. Thus, YAP and TAZ, which are inhibited by the HIPPO tumor suppressor pathway, modify PI3K/AKT pathway signaling in endometrial cancer. The cross-talk between these key pathways identifies potential new biomarkers and therapeutic targets in endometrial cancer. <I>Cancer Res; 77(7); 1637–48. ©2017 AACR</I>.</P>

Elastodynamic modeling of spatial parallel manipulators contain subclosed loops

Chao Yang,Yang Wang,Junbin Lou,Wei Ye,Fengli Huang 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.3

In this work, the delta parallel manipulator (PM) was considered as a case study to present a system elastodynamic modeling of spatial PMs contain subclosed loops. The mechanism consisted of major substructures including proximal, short, and distal links. Each link was divided into elements to establish the body-to-body and body-to-ground constraint equations. The global independent generalized displacement coordinates (IGDC) of the mechanism were extracted with the theory of multi-point constraint elements. Besides, the global IGDC and substructure synthesis approach was used to obtain the complete elastodynamic modeling of the mechanism without supplementing constraint equations. The resulting configuration-dependent elastodynamic modeling had fewer degrees of freedom, different from thousands used in finite element model (FEM). The natural frequencies could be predicted at any configuration of the mechanism, and were compared against the values of FEM to assess the correctness of the modeling. The proposed modeling could predict the distribution of natural frequencies of the mechanism in the workspace with computational efficiency. Therefore, it could be used as a numerical twin to simulate the elastodynamic performance of PMs in the pre-design stage.

Rapid green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using <i>Dendropanax morbifera</i> leaf extract and their anticancer activities

Wang, Chao,Mathiyalagan, Ramya,Kim, Yeon Ju,Castro-Aceituno, Veronica,Singh, Priyanka,Ahn, Sungeun,Wang, Dandan,Yang, Deok Chun Dove Medical Press 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.11 No.-

<P><I>Dendropanax morbifera</I> Léveille is an oriental medicinal plant that is traditionally used in folk medicine and grows in a specific region of South Korea. We aimed to enhance the utilization of <I>D. morbifera</I> medicinal plants for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). <I>D. morbifera</I> leaf extract acted as both a reducing and a stabilizing agent that rapidly synthesized <I>Dendropanax</I> AgNPs (D-AgNPs) and <I>Dendropanax</I> AuNPs (D-AuNPs). The D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, elemental mapping, field emission transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering. The characterizations revealed that the D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs were in polygon and hexagon shapes with average sizes of 100–150 nm and 10–20 nm, respectively. The important outcomes were the synthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs within 1 hour and 3 minutes, respectively, avoiding the subsequent processing for removal of any toxic components or for stabilizing the nanoparticles. Additionally, D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs were examined for cytotoxicity in a human keratinocyte cell line and in A549 human lung cancer cell line. The results indicated that D-AgNPs exhibited less cytotoxicity in the human keratinocyte cell line at 100 µg/mL after 48 hours. On the other hand, D-AgNPs showed potent cytotoxicity in the lung cancer cells at the same concentration after 48 hours, whereas D-AuNPs did not exhibit cytotoxicity in both cell lines at the same concentration. However, both D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs at 50 µg/mL enhanced the cytotoxicity of ginsenoside compound K at 25 µM after 48 hours of treatment compared with CK alone. We believe that this rapid green synthesis of D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs is a valuable addition to the applications of <I>D. morbifera</I> medicinal plant. D-AuNPs can be used as carriers for drug delivery and in cancer therapy due to their lack of normal cell cytotoxicity.</P>

Beneficial effects of natural Jeju groundwaters on lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats

Yan-chao Wang,Jin-miao Lu,Hui-zi Jin,Ai-niu Ma,Jin-yang Zhang,Nian Gong,Qi Xiao,Bin Zhu,Ying-fang Lv,Na Yu,Wei-dong Zhang,Yong-xiang Wang 한국영양학회 2014 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.8 No.2

BACKGROUND: Groundwater is believed to possess many beneficial effects due to its natural source of various minerals. In this study, we examined the effects of natural Jeju groundwater S1 (SamdasooTM), S2 and S3 pumped up from different locations of Jeju Island, Korea, along with local tap water, on body weight gain, serum lipids and lipoproteins, and liver histopathology in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: Rats were randomly and equally divided into 6 groups. Different water samples were supplied to the hyperlipidemic rats as their daily drinking water and the widely-used anti-hyperlipidemic drug simvastatin was used as a positive control. Body weight, serum lipids and lipoproteins were measured weekly. Liver weight, liver index and liver histopathology were examined after the execution of the rats. RESULTS: After drinking Jeju groundwaters for two months, S2 but not S3 significantly reduced weight growth and serum triglycerides levels and increased high density lipoprotein-C (HDL-C) without affecting total cholesterol or LDL-C. S1 and particularly S2 significantly reduced the severity of liver hypertrophy and steatosis. All Groundwaters had much higher contents of vanadium (S3>S2>S1>>tap water) whereas S1 and S2 but not S3 markedly blocked autoxidation of ferrous ions. CONCLUSION: Jeju Groundwater S1 and particularly S2 exhibit protective effects against hyperlipidemia and fatty liver and hypothesize that the beneficial effect of Jeju Groundwaters may be contributed from blockade of autoxidation of ferrous ions rather than their high contents of vanadium.

Application of advanced biomaterials in photothermal therapy for malignant bone tumors

Bo Chao,Jianhang Jiao,Lili Yang,Yang Wang,Weibo Jiang,Tong Yu,Linfeng Wang,He Liu,Han Zhang,Zhonghan Wang,Minfei Wu 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Malignant bone tumors are characterized by severe disability rate, mortality rate, and heavy recurrence rate owing to the complex pathogenesis and insidious disease progression, which seriously affect the terminal quality of patients' lives. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as an attractive adjunctive treatment offering prominent hyperthermal therapeutic effects to enhance the effectiveness of surgical treatment and avoid recurrence. Simultaneously, various advanced biomaterials with photothermal capacity are currently created to address malignant bone tumors, performing distinctive biological functions, including nanomaterials, bioceramics (BC), polymers, and hydrogels et al. Furthermore, PTT-related combination therapeutic strategies can provide more significant curative benefits by reducing drug toxicity, improving tumor-killing efficiency, stimulating anti-cancer immunity, and improving immune sensitivity relative to monotherapy, even in complex tumor microenvironments (TME). This review summarizes the current advanced biomaterials applicable in PTT and relevant combination therapies on malignant bone tumors for the first time. The multiple choices of advanced biomaterials, treatment methods, and new prospects for future research in treating malignant bone tumors with PTT are generalized to provide guidance.

Combined Lowering Effects of Rosuvastatin and L. acidophilus on Cholesterol Levels in Rat

( Lijun Wang ),( Baihua Zhou ),( Xue Zhou ),( Yang Wang ),( Hongwei Wang ),( Shengying Jia ),( Zhipeng Zhang ),( Chao Chu ),( Jianjun Mu ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.3

Statins are a class of lipid-lowering drugs commonly used in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. However, statin therapy presents many limitations, which have led to an increased interest in non-drug therapies, such as probiotics, to improve blood cholesterol levels. Indeed, probiotic strains such as Lactobacillus acidophilus have been found to improve blood lipid profiles, especially in reducing total cholesterol and LDL-C levels. In this study, we established a high-cholesterol rat model and studied the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus administration alone or in combination with rosuvastatin. We were able to show that Lactobacillus exerts a cholesterol-lowering effect. Additionally, we observed that when administered together, rosuvastin and Lactobacillus exert a combined cholesterol-lowering effect. Altogether, our data advocate for the possibility of establishing probiotics as non-drug supplements for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

Icariside II Promotes the Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells to Schwann Cells to Preserve Erectile Function after Cavernous Nerve Injury

Zheng, Tao,Zhang, Tian-biao,Wang, Chao-liang,Zhang, Wei-xing,Jia, Dong-hui,Yang, Fan,Sun, Yang-yang,Ding, Xiao-ju,Wang, Rui Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.6

Icariside II (ICA II) is used in erectile dysfunction treatment. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are efficient at improving erectile function. This study aimed to explore the action mechanism of ADSCs in improving erectile function. ADSCs were isolated from the adipose tissues of rats. Cell proliferation was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The expressions of mRNA and protein were determined separately through qRT-PCR and western blot. The endogenous expressions of related genes were regulated using recombinant plasmids and cell transfection. A Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay was performed to determine the interaction between miR-34a and STAT3. Rat models with bilateral cavernous nerve injuries (BCNIs) were used to assess erectile function through the detection of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and intracavernosal pressure (ICP). ICA II promoted ADSCs' proliferation and differentiation to Schwann cells (SCs) through the inhibition of miR-34a. Suppressed miR-34a promoted the differentiation of ADSCs to SCs by upregulating STAT3. ICA II promoted the differentiation of ADSCs to SCs through the miR-34a/STAT3 pathway. The combination of ICA II and ADSCs preserved the erectile function of the BCNI model rats. ADSCs treated with ICA II markedly preserved the erectile function of the BCNI model rats, which was reversed through miR-34a overexpression. ICA II promotes the differentiation of ADSCs to SCs through the miR34a/STAT3 pathway, contributing to erectile function preservation after the occurrence of a cavernous nerve injury.